现代西方经济周期与经济学说的关系

20世纪30年代经济大危机爆发后,新古典经济学产生危机,凯恩斯掀起了现代经济思想史上的"革命".五六十年代,"凯恩斯经济学"的实施,导致了新的危机--通货膨胀危机,70年代后凯恩斯经济学悄然退场,各色"新自由主义"经济学一度回潮.80年代末、90年代初,高失业率和生产停滞重新成为美国等西方国家的主要经济问题,"新凯恩斯主义"--"现代主流经济学新综合派"应运而生.经济学上的危机、革命和综合,是西方现代经济运行的必然选择.     

Two-person sequential bargaining behavior with exogenous breakdown

We examine bargaining behavior in a noncooperative game in which players alternate in making and responding to proposals over the division of a given surplus. Although the number of bargaining periods is unlimited and time is not discounted, the bargaining is subject to exogenous breakdown at each period with a fixed probability which is common knowledge. We manipulate three probabilities of break-down in a between-subjects design that allows comparison with previous studies of two-person bargaining with time discounting. Assuming that subjects maximize expected utility, and this utility is measured by monetary payoffs, our results reject both the subgame perfect equilibrium and equal split solutions. Data analyses reveal that a substantial percentage of subjects behave adaptively in that they systematically search for the highest acceptable demands.     

Decision problems under uncertainty based on entropy functionals

This essay intends to define the role of entropy, in particular, the role of the maximum entropy criterion with respect to decision analysis and information economics. By considering the average opportunity loss interpretation, the basic hypothesis for Shannon's derivation can be derived from properties of decision problems. Using the representation Bayes Boundary it is possible to show that selecting a single probability from a set by the Maximum Entropy Criterion corresponds to a minimax criterion for decision-making. Since problems of randomly accessing and storing information as well as communicating information can often be stated in terms of coding problems, this result might be used to develop strategies for minimizing retrieval time or communication costs.     

主流舆论的概念辨析

“巩固和发展积极健康向上的主流舆论”已被写入《国家“十一五”时期文化发展规划纲要》,“主流舆论”作为党和政府面对新阶段、新形势、新挑战提出的重要概念,从理论层面扩清其概念内涵,具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。     

论西方经济学教学中的会通

在大学本科的西方经济学教学中,存在三个层面的会通.一是理论层面会通马克思主义经济学理论与西方经济学理论,二是应用层面会通西方经济学理论与经济现实,三是教学表达方式层面会通文字表达、数学表达和图形表达三种方式.教学实践证明,三个层面会通的实现,可以有效地提高西方经济学教学水平.     

环境保护的宏观经济成本分析

本文讨论了环境经济成本问题,提出环境治理成本和环境机会成本两组概念,并用投入占用产出方法研究了宏观经济环境机会成本核算。     

Community Residents as Lay Health Educators in a Neighborhood Cancer Prevention Program

Abstract

This paper describes a lay health educator model used to provide cancer education in an urban community. Using existing community-university partnerships, the project team identified and trained community residents as health educators. This paper then discusses implications of this model for promoting community-based health prevention and practice.     

商法教学中经济学知识的渗透与整合

商事法律规范中蕴含着较多的经济学知识,教师在商法教学中适度地渗透经济学知识显得尤为必要。法律经济学学科的形成及日常生活中蕴含的大量经济学常识,也使得教师在商法教学中渗透经济学知识成为可能。教师在整合商法学与经济学知识时,应恰当地选取两学科知识的"连接点",尽量使渗透的经济学知识通俗易懂,并准确地把握经济学知识渗透的比例。     

经济思想中的意识形态探析

经济意识形态是指以经济思想、经济学说的形式表现出来的意识形态,是一种表达特定阶级或社会集团的切身利益的观念体系,为特定社会集团的经济利益提供直接的辩护。经济学不是纯科学,它摆脱不了意识形态的属性。当代最典型的经济意识形态是西方经济学相关理论。＂经济全球化＂、＂新自由主义＂、＂低碳经济＂等经济概念都是西方垄断资本代言人制造出来的话语,包含意识形态的陷阱,我们应该慎重对待。     

走向共同体经济学

批判了现代经济学给人类发展带来的弊端,认为现代经济理论只是追求经济的增长,这不利于人类的可持续发展,并提出了生态经济学的发展方向,主张经济发展应以人类共同体的福祉为目标。