建立以本土企业为主体的协同创新机制研究

改革开放以来,我国经济发展取得了巨大成就,但也面临一些重大挑战,特别是本土企业加入、依赖跨国公司主导的产业链,在短期内得以迅速发展的同时,也导致本土产业链出现了断裂和碎片化的问题,这对本土企业的创新和发展是不利的。文章研究在我国建立以本土企业为主体的协同创新机制的基本规律和特点,为提高本土企业的创新能力提供借鉴。研究的主要发现是,这是一个复杂和曲折的过程,在这一过程的启动阶段和转折阶段,非经济因素或者至少是长期经济因素而不是短期经济因素具有独特的、非常重要的作用。     

Integrating Behavioral Science with Human Factors to Address Process Safety

ABSTRACT

Applying the science of human factors to eliminate error across all aspects of process design, management, operation, and maintenance has been a focus in the process safety area for many years. Human error has been attributed as a major cause of many high profile catastrophic accidents around the world. These accidents have resulted in national and international attention, which has led to a focus on improving organizational capabilities, systems, and in many cases, governmental regulations around human factors. This article provides a review of the field of human factors highlighting various topics in the literature, and introduces governmental regulatory bodies currently engaging organizations in a scientific approach to human factors. Finally, the need for integrating behavioral science methodologies with human factors is addressed. This is done with specific focus on how Organizational Behavior Management methodologies can work in concert with human factors to optimize process safety.     

Causal factor relations of supply chain competitiveness via fuzzy DEMATEL method for Thai automotive industry

Abstract

The automotive industry is complex and global. An automotive supply chain involves multiple manufacturers and service providers in different parts of the chain across different countries. Diffusion of the global production system creates both opportunities and challenges for the supply chain itself as well as production base countries. Thailand is a production base for over 15 automotive brands. The industry contributes significantly to the Thai economy and employs approximately half a million people. To address competitiveness of the Thai automotive industry, its supply chain is studied in this paper. Ten factors affecting the competitiveness of the Thai automotive supply chain are analysed through the fuzzy DEMATEL method. The method forms a structural model that categorises the causal or effect roles of the factors, and the degree at which they impact the supply chain. This study focuses on Tier 1 and Tier 2 manufacturers of the supply chain. The results reveal that there are three common causal factors and four common effects in both tiers. The other four factors play different roles in different tiers. Managerial implications relating to these factors are also discussed and certain recommendations proposed in order to enhance the competitiveness of the Thai automotive supply chain.     

基于稳健稀疏主成分的经济增长影响因素分析

从传统生产要素、制度、金融和经济结构等四个方面选取了19个影响中国经济增长的变量,运用稳健稀疏主成分方法进行实证分析。结果表明物质资本、城镇化率、金融深度、城镇居民消费结构、基尼系数、技术水平已成为促进中国经济增长的主要动力,但东、中、西部经济增长的主要影响因素互不相同。在此基础上就如何进一步促进中国经济增长和区域经济均衡发展提出了若干政策建议。     

中国农村老年人生活满意度研究

基于2013年"中国健康与养老追踪调查"(CHARLS)数据,对中国农村老年人生活满意度的影响因素进行分析,重点关注新农保和新农合对生活满意度的影响。研究发现,性别、婚姻状况、是否有医疗保险、是否有亲人(除了配偶以外)或朋友能长期照顾对农村老年人生活满意度有显著影响。年龄和社交活动对农村老年人生活满意度的影响部分显著。根据研究结论,建议老龄问题立法层面应考虑性别差异,适度提升基础养老金水平,进一步发挥新农合的医疗保障作用并加强农村社区居家养老模式的建设。     

Housing of Seniors in the Czech Republic: Challenges for Social Services

The article focuses on the housing market, the behavior and motivations of senior households to move or to stay in place. Knowing if and why seniors decide to move at retirement is a critical factor for the establishment of social service policies in terms of their structure, location, and provision.

This study uses secondary data based on information about Czech households collected by the Czech Statistical Office (CSO). The data are annually collected via sample surveys of the income and living conditions of households (EU-SILC). The sample covers more than eight thousands of households. Analyzed data cover the period 2007–2012 when the abolishment of rent regulation in the Czech Republic took place. It is hypothesized that an impact like this might increase the willingness to move and reveal the factors which underlie the decisions of particular households.

The results indicated that most Czech households that decided to move during the study period were driven by the increased financial burden of housing. Other factors, including the availability of social services and public utilities within the current location, played only minor roles. It seems that Czech senior households act in a very pragmatic and rational manner when deciding whether to stay in place or move, with the majority of households preferring not to move. Social policies should, therefore, concentrate on providing services for the current locations rather than on the construction of new social housing.     

我国网络新闻传播专业教育现状的思考

本文从当前我国网络新闻传播专业教育的现状入手,论析现阶段我国网络新闻传播专业教育的相关问题。     

东北三省外语院校英语专业复合型人才培养研究

复合型外语人才培养模式以专业为基础,使外语作为技能、工具与专业相结合,提高学生的英语应用能力和文化素养,这类复合型人才具有广泛的社会适应性,并将带来巨大的人才效应。基于对当今世界上学科融合发展趋势的认识和对就业市场调查的结果,提出东北三省英语专业复合型人才培养目标,探讨研究适应东北三省复合型英语专业人才培养的问题和复合型英语专业人才培养的定位,包括对传统领域的基础英语的语言教学和其他专业学科融合的教学之间的关系问题的研究。     

俄汉翻译中的文化因素

以俄汉翻译中的文化因素为例,对文化与翻译的关系进行了概括性的论述,并以丰富的俄汉两民族语言互译中的文化因素进行了一次理论与实践的分析和探索。     

新生代农民工市民化问题的社会学分析

随着改革开放的不断深入,新生代农民工开始在城市化建设中发挥着日益重要的作用。从新生代农民工群体所具有的特征、市民化的表现以及在由农民向市民转变过程中所遇到的障碍等方面对新生代农民工市民化问题作以初步的探讨。