我国高师院校分流的前瞻性思考

我国封闭型高师教育的学术水平不高、师资培养质量低;根据世界高师教育的发展趋势和改革的特点,我国高师教育体制要面对挑战．走出困境,就必须由封闭走向开放,高师院校分流势在必行;分流应该是分区规划,分类指导,分阶段、分地区进行。     

认真落实“三个代表”的要求，努力加强学校领导班子和干部队伍建设

江泽民同志提出的“三个代表”的科学论断 ,是我们党的立党之本 ,执政之基 ,力量之源。在高校认真落实“三个代表”的要求 ,就要始终不渝地加强党的领导 ,治理好领导班子 ,充分发挥一把手的表率作用 ,深入推进党风廉政建设 ,树立正确的用人观念     

Has Family Policy Come of Age? A Decade Review of the State of U.S. Family Policy in the 1990s

Family policy has come of age in the 1990s, yet it has not achieved a status commensurate with that of economic or environmental policy. Because family policy has been difficult to define, this review proposes an explicit definition of the term family policy and a companion implicit term, a family perspective in policy making It updates the rationale for family policy, arguing that family commitment at its core is particularly consequential in an individualistic market economy with a small social safety net. It chronicles recent developments including philanthropic commitments, state and federal policy initiatives, and the use of research to inform family policy making. Selected family policy issues including family and work conflict, long-term care, family poverty, and marriage, are overviewed. The paper concludes with developments during the decade in theory, methods, and dissemination that hold the potential for capitalizing on the current popularity of families as a theme in policy making.     

The Clinician's Voice and the Limits of Bioethics

The bioethics movement has long promulgated a model of ‘principled decision‐making’ in which ethical dilemmas and conflicts between various rights, interests, and ethical principles are central. In many respects this movement has had a laudatory impact on health care and on health professionals, but we will also argue that the bioethical model of ethical analysis has important limitations. The model's theoretical orientation is discontinuous with the training and skills of health professionals, the manner in which health professionals conceptualise and solve problems that arise in a clinical setting, and the time constraints inherent in most clinical situations. As such, the model is not readily applicable to much of the day‐to‐day work of clinicians and, in particular, to the routine ethical questions and situations that arise in caring for patients. What we suggest is that the bioethical model does not take into account that health care professionals, as part of their daily work, encounter and manage difficult, often conflictual situations and that they do so by bringing to bear conceptual frameworks and therapeutic techniques that have, embedded within them, the ethical values and goals of their own fields, as well as established ways of dealing with problems and addressing competing priorities. We further argue that from a systems perspective, the bioethical model and the pragmatic, problem‐focused ethical decision‐making of clinicians operate on different levels of complexity; whereas the former is especially appropriate for situations that resist consensus or that raise significant issues of public policy, the latter serves as an effective framework in less difficult or complex situations that can be moved effectively toward consensus and closure.     

论学习型编辑的塑造及其文化责任

确立学习型编辑的理念,做学习型编辑,是社会对编辑职业的要求,同时也应该是每一位编辑的自觉追求。现代编辑活动的特征是编辑工作的信息化,编辑应掌握和运用最新知识和技术,进行文化创新。学习型编辑与学者型编辑是辩证的统一体,编辑学者化关键是"化"的过程,即学习的过程。做学习型编辑,就应肩负起时代赋予的文化使命,传播先进文化,创新传统文化,对社会大众进行文化引导,充当和谐社会建设的文化使者。     

Substance Abuse,Homelessness, Developmental Decision-Making and Spirituality: A Women's Health Issue

ABSTRACT

A qualitative methodology was used to examine the relationship between homeless women's spirituality, substance abuse, moral reasoning and developmental decision-making. Findings indicated that a lack of development in spirituality and the ability to make decisions in childhood is related to homeless, addicted women's inability to maintain abstinence and achieve social independence. Spirituality impacted decisions to abstain from substance abuse and increased the women's social independence. Findings suggest that treatment needs to incorporate spirituality, family of origin, and the development of skills for independent decision-making. The authors propose that childhood maltreatment, homelessness and substance abuse impede spiritual development. Therefore, substance abuse treatment needs to include a focus on spirituality and moral reasoning in the recovery process.     

英国工党的政策制定新体制及对我国的启示

政策制定能力是党的执政能力的一个重要内容。当今的中国面临两个非常值得关注的问题:一是执政党如何更民主地设定政策议程，二是执政党如何更科学地制定政策。英国长期执政的工党的政策制定体制改革经验具有一定的借鉴价值。在重点介绍英国工党全国政策论坛、政策委员会、政策循环的设立背景及其作用的基础上，建议完善我国执政党政策制定体制:为公众意见纳入执政党政策议程提供制度化的渠道；提高政策酝酿阶段的透明性，鼓励适度公开的政策讨论；设立新型的政策分析机构。     

双趋与双避决策情景的ERPs研究

为了研究双趋与双避冲突情景所诱发的脑电成分的差异,本研究分别记录了16名健康大学生被试在双趋、双避、无冲突三种不同情景下完成决策任务的反应时数据与脑电成分.结果表明：（1）被试在冲突情景下的决策反应时均长于无冲突情景,其中双趋冲突下反应时长于双避冲突；（2）双趋冲突情景诱发的P2的波峰值更高,潜伏期也更短,无冲突情景所引发的P2波峰值最小,潜伏期最长；（3）冲突情景与无冲突情景在300 ～ 400 ms之间出现了LPC的分离,动机冲突比无冲突情景诱发的LPC更正.本研究中脑电数据与行为数据得出一致性结果,双趋比双避情景诱发更深程度的负性情绪与注意唤醒,即较高的动机冲突.     

Prize Proliferation1

Recent decades have been characterized by growing numbers of awards, prizes, and honors distributed by a wide range of social worlds—prize proliferation. This article examines how claims for—and counterclaims against—establishing prizes lead to more awards being given. Unlike most constructionist analyses that explore how centralized claims‐making campaigns construct social problems, this study of prize proliferation illustrates how localized, independent social worlds can become arenas for claims, and how such largely unrelated efforts can shape broad social trends.     

Dual-earner couples and the decision to work less: A conceptual model

This paper examines the factors that affect the decision made by dual-earner couples concerning the possibility of one (or both) partners working a reduced-hours schedule. We rely on a comprehensive review of the literature on part-time work among dual-earner couples and on the factors that affect the decisions couples make about their work hours as well as preliminary findings from our ongoing study to consider two key questions: (1) What factors do dual-earner couples take into account when they consider whether one or both might work a reduced-hours schedule? (2) If the couple decides that one partner will work a reduced-hours schedule, how do they decide which partner reduces the hours of employment? Most previous research has focused on the centrality of gender in the decisions that couples make concerning the hours that they work. However, our review of the literature and the preliminary findings of our current research suggest that there are other factors that affect (directly or indirectly) the couples' decisions related to part-time options. Based on this review we present a new decision-making model for two-earner couples that will have implications for future research and policy initiatives. This paper is particularly timely for several reasons: the number of dual-earner couples continues to increase; there is some indication that more employees would choose to reduce their work hours if that were a viable option; and recently, managers and professional workers have become more vocal about their interest in part-time career options.