Initial Validation of the Open Adoption Scale: Measuring the Influence of Adoption Myths on Attitudes Toward Open Adoption

All adoptions, including those facilitated by public agencies, should be evaluated for openness. Although there are no national figures related to openness in public welfare, there are indications that it is not considered in all cases. Adoption myths may be one of the reasons that adoption workers do not always assess a family's ability to maintain a more open adoption arrangement. The following study is the initial validation of a multidimensional psychometric instrument developed to measure myths as they relate to open adoption. Based on a sample of 547 university students, the results indicate very good reliability and acceptable factorial and construct validity. The instrument was designed as a training and research tool to inform child welfare personnel and policy makers of the influence of adoption-related myths on child welfare adoption practice.     

The Development of a Student-Run Ambulance

Abstract

Abortion decisions have a potentially meaningful effect on the lives of men. Previous research suggests that both men and women generally believe that men have the right to be involved in such decisions. However, very little research attention has been devoted to identifying individual difference correlates of discrepant levels of endorsement for male involvement in abortion decisions. The extent to which abortion attitudes (on a pro-choice to pro-life continuum), conceptualization of abortion as strictly a female issue, and interest in the issue operate as effective predictors of the appropriate level of male involvement in abortion decisions was examined in a sample of 1,387 college students. Results of a multiple regression analysis revealed that 44% of the variance in male involvement scores was explained by the predictor variables.     

The “Aging Males’ Symptoms” Scale (AMS): predictive value for lowered circulating androgens

Background: Symptoms of the “male climacteric” are often at least in part referred to an age-dependent decline of serum androgen levels. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship of climacteric symptoms as assessed by the “Aging Males’ Symptoms” (AMS) Questionnaire with circulating androgen levels. Methods: 146 ambulatory men (age, 27–85 years) were surveyed with the AMS Questionnaire and sampled for serum values of total testosterone (tT) and sexual hormone binding globulin (SHBG). Free testosterone (fT) was calculated from tT and SHBG. A total AMS score ≥37 was considered pathological; the lower limits for tT and fT were set to 8 nmol/l and 180 pmol/l, respectively. Results: A significant deficit in tT and fT was shown in 25 (17.1%) and 34 (24.5%) men, respectively; the AMS Questionnaire showed pathological results for 66 (45.2%) men. In predicting a tT deficit, the AMS Questionnaire rendered a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 61.6%, only. However, multiple regression analysis revealed a significant correlation of lowered tT with a pathological somatovegetative and psychological AMS subscore (p = 0.042 and p = 0.01) and a correlation of lowered fT with a pathological sexual subscore (p = 0.039). Conclusion: In predicting hypogonadism the AMS Questionnaire in total did not render a sufficient diagnostic efficiency.     

The Influence of Intimate Violence on Transitions out of Cohabitation

Does the experience of violence in a cohabiting union lead participants away from marriage and toward separation, or does violence have only minimal impact once other characteristics of unions and their participants are controlled? This issue is examined using a sample of 411 cohabiting couples followed in both waves of the National Survey of Families and Households. Marriage and separation are treated as competing risks. Results show that violence does have an effect, although dissimilar effects emerge for transitions to separation, as opposed to marriage. Net of other factors, intense male violence—male violence that is more severe than the female partner's—raises the hazard of separation. In contrast, female violence, but not male violence, lowers the rate of marriage. The findings appear robust to a variety of operationalizations of partner violence.     

大学新生语言学习观念实证研究

我们以274名大学新生为调查对象,采用问卷和半结构访谈的方法,探究了大学新生语言学习观念的总体倾向,比较了男女大学新生在语言学习观念上的差异。结果表明:(1)大多数语言学习者持有对英语学习有利的语言学习观念;(2)男、女学习者只在有关学习动机的语言学习观念上存在显著性差异。针对研究结果通过分析相关原因,我们思考并提出了几条教学建议,希望对英语教学有所突破。     

颠覆与抑制:《李尔王》中的权力话语

新历史主义较多关注权力的争斗,本文从新历史主义角度出发,分析了"颠覆"和"抑制"两种力量在莎士比亚悲剧《李尔王》中的交织作用。"颠覆"在莎剧中起到使人们蔑视权威、质疑权力的本质作用,而"抑制"在作品中起到的社会功能是附带的、次要的。同时指出"颠覆"和"抑制"有其成熟的一方面,也有其不完善的地方。     

Young Male Street Workers: Life Histories and Current Experiences

The current study aims to reveal the experiences of young malestreet prostitutes in Israel, providing a stage for the voiceof this marginal group to be heard, as we believe youth workersneed to know more about these young people’s lives beforewe can offer meaningful responses. The study was guided by twomain questions: (1) What accounts do young men who work as prostitutesprovide for their involvement in the sex industry? and (2) Whatare their experiences as young males engaged in prostitution?Using the life story interview and thematic analysis, four mainthemes were revealed: (a) a life-long path to prostitution;(b) entering prostitution; (c) interpersonal encounters whileengaging in prostitution; and (d) the consequences of workingin prostitution. The results highlight the lack of meaningfulinterpersonal relationships in the lives of these young men.Practical recommendations are made to better inform youth workersassisting this high-risk population.     

劳动力市场歧视成本究竟谁买单？*

本文基于雇主的性别歧视模型对长、短期劳动力市场歧视成本收益进行分析,研究表明,短期劳动力市场上歧视性雇主为歧视成本的“消费者”,被歧视的女性劳动力为歧视成本的“买单者”;长期劳动力市场上歧视性雇主和被歧视的女性劳动力都是歧视成本的“买单者”,而离职的不再被歧视的女性劳动力却成为抵抗歧视的“受益者”;无论在短期还是长期劳动力市场上歧视性雇主获得的利润都低于非歧视性雇主。劳动力市场歧视程度主要取决于劳动力供给数量、非歧视性雇主数量以及歧视性雇主的偏见程度。     

论萧红作品中的女性形象及女权意识

纵观萧红的全部作品的主角几乎都是女性,给中国现代文学画廊留下了一系列负着时代和社会最深重灾难,在“生死场”上呼喊着人生、诅咒着的“萧红式”女性,她们在“生的坚强”、“死的挣扎”中寻求到了生命的火花,寻求着人生的价值,表现出反封建和谋求女性解放的女权意识。     

《保姆》中游戏艺术的审美内涵解读

本文通过解读罗伯特·库弗的小说《保姆》 ,试图阐释审美主体和审美对象的被游戏化 ,使审美主题产生的不确定性 ,以及后现代小说具有的颠覆和重构的意义