Communicating future water needs to an at-risk population: lessons learned following defeat of the Applewhite Dam and Reservoir Project in San Antonio,Texas

San Antonio, Texas, the seventh largest city in the United States, has experienced steady population growth, since the “boom” of the 1960s. Projected water shortages due to this growth were realized as early as the 1970s by city leaders and south-central Texas regional development decision makers. To reduce dependence on the already over-taxed, Edwards aquifer, a solution, the Applewhite Dam and Reservoir Project, was developed with wide acceptance by federal, state, and city leaders who regarded the project as a necessary measure for regional growth and development. However, opposition by taxpayer and environmental groups led to referendums of 1991 and 1994 in which voters blocked construction of the dam and reservoir leaving the city with limited options for water provision. This case study investigated the factors which led to a clear mismatch in communication between decision makers—those who were aware of the actual and quantifiable risk to the region in terms of reduced water supplies—and the general public, a population that did not have complete and/or adequate knowledge of their actual risk regarding future water shortages, nor, of solutions being developed, such as the Applewhite project. The findings from this case study indicate that when municipal leadership fails to adequately communicate risk regarding resource shortage to an affected public, as well as, openly planned solutions, that voters are likely to underestimate future impacts of water shortages, heed last-minute opposition, and reject long-standing, publicly proposed projects. The intent of this research is not to support either side in the Applewhite controversy, but to shed perspective on the process of adequately and effectively communicating future water needs to an at-risk population. Decision makers in cities across the United States who are faced with solving problems of limited resources needed by a large populace may be informed by the results of this research.     

家庭托育点管理实践及启示：政策工具的视角

家庭托育点的规范化对婴幼儿健康成长至关重要。通过文献收集和访谈获得既往管理举措和当前试点政策,运用政策工具进行分析和总结,探究管理家庭托育点的背景、对象和措施。结果表明：家庭托育点因经济优势而被纳入管理,现有征求意见稿管理对象偏向小规模邻托,但试点和市场偏向较大收托规模;消防审查依托既有消防验收,师资准入要求偏低,质量监管依靠政府。管理建议：应根据收托规模区分小型和大型家庭托育点开展试点;完善三方协同的管理架构,设定专门空间环境要求,提高师资准入要求,建立综合质量监管。     

高校管理要树立以人为本的理念

以人为本是高校最重要的管理理念,是高校科学发展观的本质和核心。坚持以教师为本、以学生为本是高校管理的时代特征和必然要求。具体体现在高校管理中就是要坚持"以教师为主导,以学生为中心"。     

北京地名管理中的片区地名问题

随着城市的发展,大量沿街商铺的涌现,门牌设置出现了同一座楼房楼下为道路门牌系统,楼上为小区门牌系统的混乱状况,如何处理片区地名的命名成为地名规划工作中的棘手问题。本文指出城市片区地名起到的作用、引发的问题,深入剖析其中原因,并提出建议,为今后地名规划工作和城市生活提供帮助。     

农科类本科生毕业论文规范化管理探析

文章分析了农科类毕业论文的特点和存在的问题,认为要提高毕业论文质量,必须调整毕业论文的时间,提高对毕业论文重要性的认识,加大毕业论文经费的投入,界定指导教师的职责,健全毕业论文工作的监督检查制度。     

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文章通过选取上市公司样本,运用均值检验和相关分析等方法从盈余管理角度对我国独立董事制度的有效性进行了实证分析,得出以下结论:独立董事制度的设立对公司盈余管理没有显著影响;独立董事占董事总数的比例与盈余管理之间也没有显著的相关性;自愿设立独立董事的公司与政策规定设立独立董事的公司两者的盈余管理有显著差异,前者的平均值小于后者的平均值。总体上讲我国独立董事制度没能有效监督公司盈余管理行为,其发挥作用还需以公司自身良好素质做平台。     

金融风险度量VaR与CVaR方法的比较研究及应用

风险价值(VaR)是近年来受到国际金融界的广泛支持和认可的一种度量金融风险的工具。文章指出了风险价值(VaR)模型两个重大的缺陷,并对它和条件风险价值(CVaR)金融风险度量模型进行了详细的介绍和对比分析,给出了它们的共同点和CVaR在投资组合应用中的优势,结合中国金融市场的实际情况,指出CvaR在中国金融市场中应用应注意的问题,对其应用前景提出了新的思路。     

一个微机项目管理软件包(PMIS2)

本文首先介绍了项目信息管理软件在国内外的开发及应用情况。在分析国情的基础上提出了综合性项目信息系统的构成。讨论了一个在AM1092超级微机上完成的项目信息管理软件包PMIS2的构成和功能。对支持PMIS2的小型关系数据库REDBALex进行了分析。最后提供了几点在微机系统上开发信息系统软件的经验。     

从供应链分析探讨传统出口型外贸企业的发展战略

从分析传统外贸企业在国际供应链中的地位入手,研究了传统外贸企业的现有功能和功能扩展空间,从而提出传统外贸企业应该坚持加强供应链管理、加强战略合作伙伴关系的建设,并努力实现信息化的战略发展方向。     

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本文讨论了网上远程系统的智能系统模型和实现方法。实现教师和学生的远程交互,对学生学籍进行管理,并有测试功能便于学生自测,可记录学生的平时成绩供教师参考。