工科院校强化大学生人文素养培育的思考

以现有的高速铁路列车运行图资料为基础，通过对京沪线、武广线两条长大干线和京津、沪宁、沪杭三条城际客专的列车运行图结构特征及其在时间轴上的分布进行统计分析，说明列车的速度等级、停站情况、A、B类列车的开行比例以及旅客列车在时间轴上的分布特征，分析了列车出发间隔时间服从的分布规律，对高速铁路通过能力计算方法以及客运产品设计提出了新要求。     

铁路运输经济的若干问题

近年，中国铁路铁路的快速发展，取得了很多成就，引起国内外的广泛关注。但同时我们也应看到，铁路企业经营效益不容乐观。资产负债率逐年攀升，货运量大幅递减，市场份额不断下降。在铁路建设加快发展的同时，铁路运输经济出现了哪些亟待解决的问题，需要进行深入的探讨和研究。主要问题包括铁路投资经营问题、铁路运输市场问题、铁路运价管理问题、铁路收入清算问题、铁路人才队伍问题。     

Phase I monitoring of generalized linear model-based regression profiles

In some industrial applications, the quality of a process or product is characterized by a relationship between the response variable and one or more independent variables which is called as profile. There are many approaches for monitoring different types of profiles in the literature. Most researchers assume that the response variable follows a normal distribution. However, this assumption may be violated in many cases. The most likely situation is when the response variable follows a distribution from generalized linear models (GLMs). For example, when the response variable is the number of defects in a certain area of a product, the observations follow Poisson distribution and ignoring this fact will cause misleading results. In this paper, three methods including a T²-based method, likelihood ratio test (LRT) method and F method are developed and modified in order to be applied in monitoring GLM regression profiles in Phase I. The performance of the proposed methods is analysed and compared for the special case that the response variable follows Poisson distribution. A simulation study is done regarding the probability of the signal criterion. Results show that the LRT method performs better than two other methods and the F method performs better than the T²-based method in detecting either small or large step shifts as well as drifts. Moreover, the F method performs better than the other two methods, and the LRT method performs poor in comparison with the F and T²-based methods in detecting outliers. A real case, in which the size and number of agglomerates ejected from a volcano in successive days form the GLM profile, is illustrated and the proposed methods are applied to determine whether the number of agglomerates of each size is under statistical control or not. Results showed that the proposed methods could handle the mentioned situation and distinguish the out-of-control conditions.     

Humps and Bumps in Lifetime Consumption

In this article we argue that the life-cycle model that allows demographics to affect household preferences and relaxes the assumption of certainty equivalence can generate hump-shaped consumption profiles over age that are very similar to those observed in household-level data sources and, in particular, match the differences in shape across different education groups. Liquidity constraints or myopia are not required to explain the empirical features of observed life-cycle patterns.     

铁路客运分段能力配置策略研究

铁路客运分段能力配置策略能够针对季节客流特征,在春节等节假日客运需求非常巨大、平时客流明显减少的情况下,最大程度地满足旅客出行需求。基于线性回归方程的铁路客运需求预测模型,能够科学合理、有效地配置客运能力。运用MATLAB软件,结合南京站旅客运输数据,通过实证分析研究,验证优化模型在阶段性运能配置方面的期望效应。     

A Limited Repertoire of Emotion Regulation Strategies is Associated with Internalizing Problems in Adolescence

The present study was designed to test whether the beneficial effects of emotion regulation (ER) have less to do with the use of singular, ‘adaptive’ strategies and more to do with using a range of strategies. Using a community sample of adolescents (N = 177, M = 13.6 years), groups based on five measures of ER (reappraisal, suppression, concealing, emotional engagement, and adjusting) were created through latent profile analysis. A six‐group model was the best fit. As hypothesized, ER profiles with high scores on one or two indicators were associated with higher levels of internalizing problems, whereas profiles with average to high scores on several indicators and high scores on adjusting were associated with lower levels of internalizing problems (depression, general anxiety, and social anxiety). Results highlight the importance of having different ER strategies to use and that a limited ER repertoire in adolescence may be associated with internalizing problems.     

Phase II Monitoring of Geometric Profiles

Geometric profiles can be modeled effectively by large and small scale components. In several articles, a regression model with spatial autoregressive error term is combined with control charts to monitor geometric profiles. However, once a signal occurs, control charts would not be able to determine whether the shift is due to the large or small scale component. In this article, a combination of a multivariate and an omnibus control charts is used to monitor the large scale and small scale components to determine whether the shift is due to the large scale or small scale components.     

天津商会与胶济铁路的收回

华盛顿会议上,中日“边缘”性会谈山东问题,其中胶济铁路的交涉为重中之重。为支持北京政府收回胶济铁路,全国各地开展了“筹款赎路”运动。天津商会积极领导津埠地区的“筹款赎路”运动,对胶济铁路的收回起到推动作用。     

BOT模式开发城市轨道交通项目的补偿机制研究

采用BOT模式发展轨道交通项目需要提供补偿。为了研究由谁来补偿、什么时候补偿、用什么方式补偿、给多少补偿、风险如何补偿等问题,本文从分析城市轨道交通项目的优点出发,认为补偿应以政府提供为主,并把政府补偿机制分为运营补贴、财务投资、实物投资和物业开发等四类。基于合理回报原则,本文建立了补偿数量的计算公式和补偿调整机制。本研究成果可为城市轨道交通BOT项目补偿机制设计提供参考,也可推广应用于其他需要政府补偿的基础设施项目。     

连续刚构桥梁车桥耦合竖向动力行为分析

以广州地铁6号线高架3×36 m连续刚构桥梁为基本实例,通过动力学有限元分析程序MSC.DYTRAN建立了车桥耦合分析模型;通过大量的参数分析,在一定范围内总结了连续刚构桥梁结构参数变化以及车速变化,对结构动力系数、车体竖向加速度的影响;研究结果表明：对于广州地铁6号线采用的3跨连续刚构桥梁而言,结构边跨跨中动力系数随着主梁线刚度的增大,呈增大的变化趋势;车速是影响结构动力系数变化的主要因素之一,当列车轮对的加载频率与结构的1阶竖向自振频率接近时,动力系数明显增大,并且随着车速提高,动力系数总体呈增大的趋势;车体竖向加速度随着主梁线刚度增大而减小,而随着车速的提高而增大。