Adaptive Management: A Paradigm for Remediation of Public Facilities Following a Terrorist Attack

Terrorist actions are aimed at maximizing harm (health, psychological, economical, and political) through the combined physical impacts of the act and fear. Immediate and effective response to a terrorist act is critical to limit human and environmental harm, effectively restore facility function, and maintain public confidence. Though there have been terrorist attacks in public facilities that we have learned from, overall our experiences in restoration of public facilities following a terrorist attack are limited. Restoration of public facilities following a release of a hazardous material is inherently far more complex than in industrial settings and has many unique technical, economic, social, and political challenges. For example, there may be a great need to quickly restore the facility to full operation and allow public access even though it was not designed for easy or rapid restoration, and critical information is needed for quantitative risk assessment and effective restoration must be anticipated to be incomplete and uncertain. Whereas present planning documents have substantial linearity in their organization, the “adaptive management” paradigm provides a constructive parallel paradigm for restoration of public facilities that anticipates and plans for uncertainty, inefficiencies, and stakeholder participation. Adaptive management grew out of the need to manage and restore natural resources in highly complex and changing environments with limited knowledge about causal relationships and responses to restoration actions. Similarities between natural resource management and restoration of a public facility after a terrorist attack suggest that integration of adaptive management principles explicitly into restoration processes will result in substantially enhanced and flexible responses necessary to meet the uncertainties of potential terrorist attacks.     

我国农村金融市场效率研究——从金融促进农村经济发展的角度

本文认为判别与评价我国农村金融市场效率应该从下面两个方面进行研究：一是我国农村金融对农村经济的促进作用；二是我国农村金融市场的金融资源的均衡。从金融促进农村经济发展的角度。实证发现我国农村金融市场的效率低于全国金融市场的效率水平，主要由于农村正规金融机构的发展水平低下、农村金融市场的需求低下和农村金融市场的“高风险低效益”等因素所导致。因此，建议：发展中小金融机构，弥补正规金融的不足：创新金融工具，聚集农村金融需求；建立农村金融风险补偿制度，降低金融风险；改革金融定价和补贴政策，提高农村金融收益水平。     

从分笔交易数据透视中国债券市场流动性

采用分笔交易数据,用相对买卖价差分析我国债券市场流动性,可以得出如下结论:各期限国债流动性差异不大,短期和长期国债流动性相对较好;国债买卖价差最小,可转债累计深度最大;债券市场流动性和波动性特征之间存在紧密的内在联系。     

中等收入者论

中等收入者指一个国家的中等富裕群体。为确保社会经济健康、协调、持续发展 ,必须努力提高低收入者素质 ,降低转化门槛 ,扩大中等收入者比重。     

发展中国票据市场的必要性及对策

指出票据市场作为我国企业短期融资的重要渠道和解决企业三角债的有效途径,是商业银行优化资产结构和中央银行实施货币政策的重要场所,具有存在的必要性。分析了票据市场中融资规模尚小、票据工具单一、社会信用基础薄弱及市场发展不配套等主要问题。针对这些问题从票据工具、风险防范手段以及市场竞争力三方面提出了发展建议,以促进我国票据市场的不断完善,满足我国经济发展的需要。     

局部理性市场的预期分析

在一个发育不完善、组织效率较低的商品或资本市场中,不同的市场主体拥有不同信息并产生预期模式的差异,由于交易者之间的信息屏障在短期内无法有效消除,导致预期的异质化长期存在并使市场仅具有局部理性.局部理性市场价格的稳定性取决于理性投机与非理性交易行为的力量对比,而不成熟市场经常显现的过度波动性则往往是理性投机处于弱势的表现.     

连锁超市替代农贸市场的对策研究

超市作为一种新型零售业态,在我国已经颇具规模,以连锁超市替代农贸市场已成为可能。本文通过连锁超市与农贸市场的比较,分析了连锁超市具有的优势及替代过程的障碍,提出了连锁超市替代农贸市场的对策。     

也论迁徙自由的宪法回归

迁徙自由具有基本人权性质,是我国社会主义市场经济体制建立的一个重要条件,也是解决其它社会问题的关键因素,理应入宪。迁徙自由在实现途径上权利赋予与制度保障应衔接进行。     

资本市场与我国农业产业重组

现代化农业的重要标志之一是利用资本市场的程度高。由于多种原因 ,我国农业资本市场发育程度低 ,制约着农业产业重组和传统农业的改造。从资本市场与农业发展的内在关系出发 ,对现阶段农业利用资本市场的基本途径进行探讨 :农业经营观念的创新、农村产权交易市场的建立、土地流转机制的形成和投资中介组织的发展是加快农业利用资本市场 ,实现我国农业结构重组的主要条件。     

绿色营销与企业可持续发展

绿色营销是企业可持续发展的最终实现途径。本文揭示市场经济条件下,实施绿色营销的必然性;探讨企业的可持续发展问题的实质和解决办法;提出推行绿色营销促进企业可持续发展的对策思路。