Some Notes on Workplace Equality Renewal in the Swedish Labour Market

In 2001, Swedish authorities imposed a new obligation upon all firms with ten or more employees to undertake annual wage surveys, ‘workplace equality audits’ in which it is possible to ascertain, remedy and prevent unwarranted wage differentials and other unfair employment terms between men and women. An important implication of the new system, called ‘workplace equality renewal’ (självsanering), is that, at the level of the firm all Swedish employers must explain what they mean by work of ‘equal value’ as opposed to ‘different value’. This article discusses the practical pros and cons of the new system, and considers how the surveys can be used in research into the present state of gendered work division. A main finding is that the introduction of this new legislation in the long run might change the Swedish industrial relations system as well as the preconditions for many companies’ human resource management policies. Yet, neither the governmental agencies involved nor the parties’ confederate organizations have been able to clarify what the issue is really about to the single, small business employer or to the local trade union branches. Many employers find any interference, whatever it may be, threatening and trade unions have not realized the potentialities of the system from an employee perspective, potentialities connected to the fact that companies are now more or less forced to make transparent their wage policies at large.     

隐含合约和专用资产投资:日本分包制研究

日本制造业中,制造商往往和其零部件供应商形成长期连续交易关系,彼此之间紧密协作,形成系列化的企业集团。在这种企业集团内部,零部件供应商有更大的激励进行专用资产的投资,进而降低生产成本,提高产品质量。甚至在适当的条件下,供应商直接参与零部件产品的设计。这种日本式的分包制采用一种隐含的承包合约形成长期连续交易关系,使企业之间能更好的合作,极大的提高了日本企业集团的竞争力。本文建立一个简单的模型,引入一种简单隐含合约的形式,即发包商给予承包商部分议价权利,在此基础上分析承包商专用资产投资行为,并对上述现象进行解释。     

大力发展职业教育 促进地方经济发展

当前,我市正处于由农业主导型经济向工业主导型经济的转型期,各行各业对专业技术人才特别是高层次技能型人才的需求越来越大。我市高等职业教育的任务艰巨,前景广阔。大力发展高等职业教育成为促进地方经济发展的关键。     

Inside two commercially available statistical expert systems

A decade of research into the applications of artificial intelligence in statistics has finally resulted in the appearance of commercially available statistical expert systems. This paper takes a closer look at two of these systems, which are now commercially available on microcomputers, and shows what knowledge they actually contain and how they operate. It is concluded that although the technology and concepts that drive these systems could still benefit from further improvement, the real challenge lies in defining and constructing the statistical knowledge and strategy that should be incorporated and in presenting the results to the user's full advantage.     

加快江西城镇化进程的对策研究

城镇化水平是衡量一个国家或地区经济发展的重要标志。分析了加快江西城镇化的重要意义和江西城镇化现状,并就如何加快江西城镇化进程提出了相关的对策。     

论KTV业与唱片业之利益冲突与解决

本文通过分析KTV业和唱片业在版权利益和经济利益方面的冲突,认为两个行业本应是互利关系,其利益冲突是可以调和的,解决之道应是双方在博弈中互利。同时提出了一些解决的建议,期能对冲突的解决有所裨益。     

政府再造之行政文化战略选择

主要从行政文化的战略意义入手,探讨了政府再造的目的和途径、文化战略、行政文化、政府管理对政府再造的影响机理以及行政文化战略构建的实现方式等问题。     

深化对劳动和劳动价值论问题的认识

深化对劳动和劳动价值论问题的认识 ,是由马克思主义与时俱进的理论品质和劳动价值论的地位决定的 ,是迎接理论挑战和实践挑战的需要。通过深化对生产劳动、科技劳动和经济管理劳动的认识 ,有利于丰富劳动概念的内涵 ,拓展生产劳动的范围 ,明确科技和经营管理劳动不仅是生产性劳动 ,而且在价值和社会财富的创造中发挥着巨大的作用。     

基于Poisson分布需求的两级零售系统最优订货策略

考虑由一个分销中心和N个零售商组成的两级分销库存系统．假设两级库存补充均采取周期订货策略，在每个零售商处的客户需求是随机的，且服从Poisson分布．当给定的某一货物缺货时，顾客愿意等待特别订货的概率是一确定的常数，在满足给定的客户服务水平的条件下，寻求该供应链总费用的最小化．对库存费用的计算进行了精确的推导，并且得到了最优的订货策略．最后给出了一个算例，根据所得到的公式由电子表格获得了两级最优库存水平．     

论社会主义市场经济的本质在于“四个坚持”

关于对社会主义市场经济的认识,一般人都从经济运行方式的角度去考察,揭示社会主义市场经济的运行规范和某些功能,而对于社会主义市场经济的本质问题缺乏哲学和理论思考,没有从根本上揭示社会主义市场经济的本质是什么。探讨社会主义市场经济不能只停留在社会主义市场经济的基本职能和功能,而不重视社会主义市场经济的本质问题;不能只停留在社会主义市场经济的基本表现,而忽视社会主义市场经济的本质特征。社会主义市场经济的本质在于“四个坚持”,即坚持社会主义道路、坚持无产阶级专政、坚持党的领导、坚持马列主义毛泽东思想。