Rural Perspectives on Same-Sex Marriage

This study explored rural perspectives on same-sex marriage with a nonprobability sample (N = 156) of adult respondents recruited in a largely rural state in the upper Midwest. A new 6-item instrument with strong internal consistency (α =.943) found that support for same-sex marriage was widespread without significant differences based on relationship status, education level, rural residence, or biological sex. Sexual orientation predicted support for traditional family values and same-sex marriage which were inversely associated. Findings suggest that the presumption of rural bias and hostility toward alternative sexualities has mitigated in the upper Midwest. Social work practitioners should infer from this study that there is more to rural culture than remoteness, isolation, poverty, stigma, and conservative religious values. The malleability of rural culture may be an unrecognized strength that may provide encouragement to rural social workers advocating for and serving lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals.     

关于完善“婚外恋”行为立法的几点思考

合法的婚姻家庭关系受法律保护。“婚外恋”引起的违法行为不仅违背了人们的道德观念,也开始引起立法上的争论。从法理上看,它破坏了法律保护的婚姻家庭关系,对之约束是可能的,从实践上看又是复杂的。我国现行法律法规对之已有一定约束,但远远不能体现法律的公平精神。在以后的立法完善工作中,还有许多制度值得参考,借鉴。     

Effect of family structure on life satisfaction: australian evidence

How do family arrangements affect subjective well-being? We investigate this issue using data pooled from the IsssA and HILDA, both large, representative national samples of Australia (pooled n=38 447). Our regression analysis of cross-sectional and panel data examines how large are the differences in life satisfaction according to marital status and cohabitation. We find that women and men in formal marriages experience higher levels of life satisfaction than do people in other family arrangements. Moreover, both multiple tests in the cross-section, and tests controlling for prior happiness in the panel analysis, suggest that this is a causal relationship. Aggregating up the levels of life satisfaction generated by different marriage and cohabitation arrangements across a lifetime, suggests that a life-long marriage is the most satisfying. Early divorce followed by an enduring second marriage is little worse (because little time is spent outside the married state). But divorce without remarriage, or long lasting cohabitation without formal marriage, reduce the lifetime sum of subjective well-being by 4–12% for both women and men.     

论西汉对匈奴政策的演变

西汉对匈奴政策的演变大致经历了四个阶段。汉武帝元光二年(公元前133年)以前,基本上实行与匈奴"和亲"的政策;此后十多年间,试图通过军事打击以制服匈奴;漠北之战以后,又代之以政治招抚为主、军事威慑为辅的策略;汉武帝以后,汉王朝对匈奴实行了较为宽松的"羁縻"政策,汉匈双方虽有君臣名分,实为兄弟之国。西汉对匈奴政策的演变,是与其内外形势的变化和汉匈双方的力量消长密切相关的。     

The Imagination and Social Life

Sociology gives almost no consideration to the imagination. Yet, as this study seeks to demonstrate, the imagination plays an important role in social life. This article examines the question of how the imagination enters into ongoing interpersonal relations, taking as a case study cross-national couples and their discussions about where to live. Findings from semi-structured interviews with thirty-seven individuals in cross-national relationships suggest that the imagination enters into the lives of couples in four ways: imaginings suggest to partners where they would like to live; partners use the imagination as a tool to access and advance a preference, either together or individually; partners frame the desires of the other as fantasy as a way of countering these desires; and lastly, spouses tolerate an undesirable situation by engaging in escapist fantasies. Finally, this study suggests that the imagination permeates our decision-making, routinely enters our thoughts, is a domain in which individuals immerse themselves regularly, and, in the form of collective imaginings, can inspire social change.     

Civil Society Research Funding from a Global Perspective: A Case for Redressing Bias,Asymmetry, and Bifurcation

This paper adopts a global perspective to review the current situation with respect to the systematic study of civil society. It locates the analysis in a geohistorical framework, arguing that, as a distinct area of scholarship, contemporary civil society research is a two-track post-Cold War phenomenon exhibiting major shortcomings. A new type of dedicated research financing and process of allocation could redress today's research limitations in ways that will beneficially cross-fertilize parallel approaches and epistemological traditions while increasing the spread of centers dedicated to such knowledge generation. The analysis leads to suggestions for a civil society research agenda and investment principles.     

由《一个小时的故事》看微型小说中浓缩的人生

本文以美国作家凯特·肖邦所创作的微型小说《一个小时的故事》为例,分析和探讨微型小说独特的语言、结构等方面的特点,及其对浓缩于其中的人生和现实生活的反映。     

“自由”、“平等”的呼唤——“五四”时代女作家创作论

妇女解放是"五四 "时期民主知识分子备加关注的一个问题.伴随着"人"的意识的觉醒,追求人格独立、个性自由、婚恋自主已成为"五四"时代广大知识女性的自觉要求,"五四"时代女作家本身就是这样一些知识女性.文章从分析她们的作品入手,论述了女性自身对"自由"平等"的不懈探寻.     

信贷环境与类型差异情景下的PPP项目政府经济承诺决策

为破解政府在PPP项目中存在的"承诺不足"与"承诺过度"决策难题，基于项目类型和信贷环境差异构建四种决策情景，融合优化决策与实物期权理论构建政府经济承诺决策模型，通过Kuhn-Tucker条件分析模型解的条件与边界并设计计算机求解算法，以W市城东污水处理项目为例进行数值模拟探讨政府经济承诺决策规律。结果表明：情景差异将会影响政府经济承诺决策；政府经济承诺可以提升项目价值，但较高的经济承诺未必导致较高的承诺成本；政府应对收益波动型项目给予更低的经济承诺，应在信贷收紧时给予更高的经济承诺，反之亦然；政府可以通过转移收益分配权和增加投资额来降低经济承诺，且不同情景效果具有差异。本文系统刻画了信贷环境与类型差异对经济承诺决策的影响，对于明晰经济承诺的决策成本及其后果、控制PPP项目金融风险、优化我国政府经济承诺决策等具有积极价值。     

Deviations From Desired Age at Marriage: Mental Health Differences Across Marital Status

Although several factors condition mental health differences between married and never‐married adults, given recent increases in marriage delay and permanent singlehood, one modifying factor—deviation from desired age at marriage—has yet to be examined. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (N = 7,277), the author tested whether deviation from desired age at marriage shapes the mental health of married and never‐married adults as well as mental health differences between them. The results showed that most respondents failed to meet their initial preference for age at marriage. Marrying both earlier and later than desired (compared to on time) resulted in poorer mental health and fewer benefits compared to never marrying. For the never‐married, mental health was best, and differences compared to the married were nonsignificant, for those nearest their desired age at marriage. As timing deviations increased, however, a mental health deficit among the never‐married emerged.