Household Headship Among Married Women: The Roles of Economic Power, Education, and Convention

Household headship historically has been equated with being the main economic provider of the household, a position usually occupied by men. This paper uses a change in the United States Census definition of household headship to examine whether headship for married women is associated with being the primary breadwinner in a marriage versus other non-economic explanations. According to microdata from the 1990 United States Census, women who are the main income providers in a marriage are much more likely to be household heads than women in co-provider marriages. There also is support for an egalitarian ideology explanation; that is, when both spouses are highly educated, the wife is more likely than the husband to be household head net of her relative economic independence in that marriage. Yet the force of convention remains strong given the low prevalence of headship among married women. The new census definition was meant partly to reflect the changing economic status of women. However, the reality is that conventional gender behaviors persist in household headship.     

公公娶儿媳之法律思考

直系姻亲间能否结婚这一问题在我国现行法律规定上来看是没有疑问的,但在学理上仍然有探讨的必要性,在社会上、理论界对该问题都有不同看法,到底是保障当事人的婚姻自由权利还是维护社会伦理与社会利益,笔者在文中试图从几个方面对其进行论述并予评价,最终得出自己的判断。     

论努尔哈赤伦理思想的特点

文章主要介绍了努尔哈赤的伦理思想所具有的民族性、兼容性、政治性的特点，论证了努尔哈赤伦理思想的民族性主要是对于女真社会伦理观念原始性的充分体现。兼容性主要体现在对儒家传统伦理观念的吸收，政治性主要体现在婚姻观与孝悌思想方面。从而得出了其伦理思想对后世社会产生的影响。     

对婚后大学生教育管理的对策

文章提出了应充分尊重在校大学生婚姻自主权;教育大学生树立正确的婚恋观;加强对婚后大学生的生殖健康教育与服务;建立对结婚大学生的管理制度,包括大学生结婚信息反馈制度、生育大学生休学制度、大学生子女户口管理办法、为结婚大学生提供有偿住房服务等;建立大学生婚姻管理机构等教育管理机制。在教育管理中充分体现以人为本的教育理念和依法治校精神,为大学生成才服务。     

中国现当代爱情小说综论

受时代风潮的影响,中国现当代作家在过去的一百年里创作了五先十色的爱情小说.中国现当代爱情小说在价值观念、主题形态、表现手法等方面形成了同中国古代爱情小说的明显差异.以家族为本位的爱的观念转变为以个性解放和个人幸福为目的的爱的观念,人成为思考一切问题的中心和判断一切问题的标准.爱的道德标准发生了显著变化,男权中心意识形态受到冲击和动摇.爱情小说开始由古典的故事情节型向现代的人物塑造型转变.作家们开始更加关注人物性格的塑造以及对人物婚恋心理和动机的发掘.     

“家中天使”的悲剧——《一个小时的故事》和《穿夏装的姑娘们》的比较分析

《一个小时的故事》是美国19世纪女作家凯特.肖班的短篇小说经典。《穿夏装的姑娘们》是美国20世纪男作家欧文?萧短篇小说代表作。两篇小说虽然创作的时代不同,但都以精简有力的文字,讲述了一个深刻的故事。前者质疑了传统的婚姻,使原来处于男性中心社会视角盲区的现实得以呈现在读者的眼前,挑战了男性至上主义文学中的妇女形象;后者则聚焦于男性对女性身体美的欣赏,折射出男性对肉体的专注和对女性精神需求的漠视。两部作品都反映了传统婚姻对女性的压抑,表达了对女性作为传统的“家庭天使”的角色的怀疑和否定。     

“左转”中的民俗叙事模式探讨——以丁玲文学作品的婚姻民俗叙事为例

现代文学"向左转"是中国现代小说发展过程中的重要现象,而民俗叙事始终主动参与并推动此进程。丁玲是其中转得顺利成功的典型作家。在文学书写的过程中,丁玲始终以女性的视角,采撷婚姻民俗参与作品叙事,赋予作品以生活质感和历史厚重感,为我们总结现代文学宏大叙事中的婚姻民俗参与范式提供了极好的素材。     

Relationship of Dyadic Closeness With Work‐Related Stress: A Daily Diary Study

We examined the association between work‐related stress of both spouses and daily fluctuations in their affective states and dyadic closeness. Daily diary data from 169 Israeli dual‐earner couples were analyzed using multilevel modeling. The findings indicate that work stress has no direct effect on dyadic closeness but rather is mediated by the spouses’ negative mood. Evidence was found for spillover of stress from work to mood at home, as well as negative crossover among couples with higher marital quality, resulting in greater distance on stressful days. Such increased distance may reflect either a deleterious effect of work stress on marital relationships or a protective mechanism used by couples in times of stress.     

White Mothers,Brown Children: Ethnic Identification of Maori‐European Children in New Zealand

Studies of multiethnic families often assume the ethnic identification of children with the minority group results from the minority parent. This study examines an alternate view that mainstream parents also play an important role in transmitting minority ethnicity. It explores this argument using data from New Zealand on the ethnic labels mothers assign to their Maori‐European children. It finds that European mothers are just as disposed as Maori mothers to designate their child as Maori, either exclusively or in combination. Two explanations, grounded in ethnic awareness and gendered inheritance, are proposed. Although neither satisfactorily predicts maternal designation decisions, the readiness of European mothers to identify their child as Maori underscores their role in diffusing Maori ethnicity.     

Changes in conjugal life in Canada: Is cohabitation progressively replacing marriage?

This article aims first to contrast the trends of marriage and cohabitation across different regions in Canada, and second, to assess whether cohabitation constitutes a new stage in the progression to marriage, or an alternative to marriage altogether. Based on various empirical demographic indicators, the analysis shows profound differences across the country. In Quebec, cohabiting unions are now widely accepted as forming the basis for family life, whereas they still largely constitute a childless prelude to marriage elsewhere in Canada. The authors discuss the role of different religious and cultural backgrounds, and of recent changes in the relationships between men and women, in accounting for the divergent evolution observed.