竞争与博弈：课外补习的学业回报与心理健康代价

在中国激烈的学业竞争和博弈背景下,课外补习的学业回报是否以心理健康作为代价？该议题牵涉对课外补习双重效应的考察和辨析。本研究通过分析中国教育追踪调查(CEPS)2014年和2015年的数据发现,尽管投入课外补习的时间能够促进学业成就,却以心理健康受影响作为代价。随着班级课外补习参与水平的提升,学生投入课外补习的时间对学业成绩的正向影响被逐渐削弱,而对心理健康的负向作用不断增强。心理健康代价增大的诱因主要是“社会比较效应”的减弱,以及“角色压力效应”和“睡眠剥夺效应”的增强。     

Clinic Capacity Management: Planning Treatment Programs that Incorporate Adherence

For infectious diseases like tuberculosis and HIV, treatment adherence plays an important role in treatment effectiveness and epidemic control. Studies of some infectious diseases indicate that patients who live closer to their health facilities maintain higher adherence; however, most models ignore the heterogeneity of patients' adherence. Clinics must balance knowledge about adherence with epidemic growth when creating successful treatment programs. We develop an optimization model that integrates a clinic's capacity decisions with population health outcomes. We find that incorporating adherence into clinic planning models can lead to decisions that significantly improve outcomes. For example, in a realistic case study of the HIV epidemic in Zambia, we find that decision makers who ignore decreasing adherence make suboptimal decisions and overestimate the effectiveness of their treatment programs by as much as 94%. Our model is a first step toward understanding the relationship between adherence and health delivery.     

基于利润最大化的质量成本数学模型的研究

本文阐述了传统质量成本理论模型的形成及其存在的问题.通过对基于利润最大化的质量成本理论模型的研究,本文比较了龚珀资(GOM PERTS)曲线模型和柯伯—道格拉斯生产函数分别模拟质量成本的优劣,从而选择最适宜的质量成本数学模型.     

怎样提高体校数学教学质量

:数学是自然科学的基础学科。提高体育运动学校数学教学质量对认真贯彻“体育为主 ,读训并重 ,全面发展”的办学方针 ,促进学生能力提高 ,都具有重要意义 ,本文结合体校特点 ,就如何提高数学教学质量谈几点体会     

全新的视域，全新的起点-《哲理数学基础-自然集合论及其应用》读后

分析了《哲理数学基础自然集合论及其应用》的独特之处 ,即以自然集合论为基础 ,研究了现实世界和一切可能世界中的空间形式和数量关系 ,形成了一个崭新的理论体系。阐述了《哲理数学基础自然集合论及其应用》在方法论上的突破 ,即运用独特的数理哲学思维将自然世界和社会作出了统一的、理性的解释。指出了该书在自然、人文社会科学中的广泛适用性。     

实践教学中的创新设计

本文在分析了现有实践教学环节存在的问题后,为寻求更合理的教学内容与方法,进行了设计实践环 节重组和改革,提出了以设计为中心的实践教学,实施了四次创新设计的改革方案与相应的操作方法。     

Labeling in Interactional Practice: Applying Labeling Theory to Interactions and Interactional Analysis to Labeling

Labeling theory has long held a rather significant place in sociology generally, and in symbolic interaction more specifically. Yet, in its long history, labeling theorists have seldom considered how interactional contexts mediate the effective application of labels. Similarly, labeling theory, with its focus on deviance, has largely neglected positive instances of labeling. In this article, I consider an instance of labeling in a tutoring session and show how the local interactional context of the application of a label is accomplished such that the label “smarter than you think” is made to stick to the student. In doing so, I demonstrate how labeling theory can be productively extended to consider positive labeling as well as the interactional contexts that mediate these labeling processes. In closing, I propose that this approach could help develop labeling theory into a complex and nuanced theory of the social constitution of human behavior.     

Homosexual role separation and AIDS epidemics: Insights from elementary models

Simple models of a closed homosexual population are developed to explore the effect of differentiation of roles in anal intercourse on the size of an AIDS epidemic. Preferential and random mixing among the sex‐role subgroups are modeled via a concept of partnership‐formation rates for pairs of individuals. Models of differing mixing assumptions are compared via a concept of reference reproductive rate. Under the assumption of no risk associated with insertive anal intercourse, explicit epidemic thresholds are determined; epidemic intensity increases with increasing size of the dual‐role (insertive and receptive) subpopulation. Other results indicate that there is a threshold for reproductive rates which determines whether or not random mixing yields a more severe epidemic than a form of segregated mixing, and that for fixed epidemiological conditions, a certain level of like‐with‐like preference, rather than random mixing, yields a worst‐case scenario.