对广东医学期刊广告现状的调查与思考

广东医学期刊在广东科技期刊中占有一定的比例,通过对广东医学期刊广告的调查,可以看到广东医学期刊的广告绝大部分是合法,客观的,但也有一些有待改进。具体说来,主要应在严格按照有关规定审理广告的有关文稿内容,严格按照有关规定设计广告的印刷制作等方面对医学期刊广告刊登加以改进。     

辅导员如何加强医学院校药学类学生的实习管理

实习是医学院校教学过程中实践教学环节的重要组成部分,实习阶段不仅是学生成才的关键时期,也是学生管理难度相对较大的时期。本文结合药学专业学生实习期间管理的一些经验,对实习期间学生管理上存在的突出问题进行了分析,在把握这些问题原因的基础上,企求探索行之有效的管理方法和措施,以利于引导药学班学生将全部精力投入到技能实践中,帮助他们成长为医疗卫生行业中的合格人才。     

Surgical Identity Play: The Anatomy Lab Revisited

The anatomy lab has been studied by sociologists interested in professional socialization since the 1950s. This is because the act of dissecting a cadaver is thought to be foundational for both the student's medical knowledge and the development of the student's professional identity. In this paper, I revisit the anatomy lab both historically and ethnographically. Drawing on theoretical insights from the laboratory ethnography tradition within science and technology studies, I show that students use material artifacts in the lab to support their “surgical identity play.” This activity is structured by the laboratory's performative architecture even while it is unsupervised by anatomy faculty. While many analyses of professional socialization focus on how students learn to interact with patients during their training, I show that the anatomy lab experience is an important form of professional socialization because here students learn to employ surgical instruments, language, and dress, and begin to relate to each other as colleagues.     

中国基本医疗保险的实际参保率及其分布特征:基于多源数据的分析

全民覆盖是基本医疗保险降低国民医疗费用负担的前提条件。中国基本医疗保险是否实现了全民覆盖仍存在争议。本文利用多源调查数据,分析了我国基本医疗保险实际参保率及其分布特征。不同来源的数据基本证实,2015-2016年,中国仍有超过10%的国民没有参加任何一项基本医疗保险制度。其中,城镇居民、非农户口和没有户口的居民、东北地区、年轻人、儿童、未就业人群、低收入人群、在校学生以及流动人口基本医疗保险实际参保率更低。城乡居民实行自愿参保,因管理部门分割、信息系统不统一导致的重复参保以及因财政补贴制度导致的户籍地参保等制度设计,是导致基本医疗保险未能实现全民覆盖的根源。要实现基本医疗保险全民覆盖,解决国民医疗后顾之忧,未来我国基本医疗保险应实行强制参保、以家庭为单元参保、常住地参保,建立全国统一的基本医疗保险信息系统,并鼓励发展补充性医疗保障制度。     

壮族的民间信仰与民俗医疗

壮族的传统医药文化非常丰富,民间至今依然盛行与宗教信仰密切相关的“神药两解”的民俗医疗方法。笔者在田野调查中发现,壮族乡村的病人在积极寻求药物治疗的同时,还借助麽公、囊妹、道士等神职人员施行各种仪式来治病,且往往能取得意想不到的效果。本文拟从田野资料出发,借鉴医学人类学的相关理论,以目前壮族农村盛行的巫术与祝由疗法为例,来探讨壮族的民间信仰与民俗医疗的关系。     

医学生的逆商及培养

大量资料显示,一个人事业成功与否,在很大程度上取决于逆商。本课题以研究对象的个性倾向,心理特征为切入点,对逆商培养的方式方法进行了探讨和研究。     

Does Iconicity in Pictographs Matter? The Influence of Iconicity and Numeracy on Information Processing,Decision Making,and Liking in an Eye‐Tracking Study

Researchers recommend the use of pictographs in medical risk communication to improve people's risk comprehension and decision making. However, it is not yet clear whether the iconicity used in pictographs to convey risk information influences individuals’ information processing and comprehension. In an eye‐tracking experiment with participants from the general population (N = 188), we examined whether specific types of pictograph icons influence the processing strategy viewers use to extract numerical information. In addition, we examined the effect of iconicity and numeracy on probability estimation, recall, and icon liking. This experiment used a 2 (iconicity: blocks vs. restroom icons) × 2 (scenario: medical vs. nonmedical) between‐subject design. Numeracy had a significant effect on information processing strategy, but we found no effect of iconicity or scenario. Results indicated that both icon types enabled high and low numerates to use their default way of processing and extracting the gist of the message from the pictorial risk communication format: high numerates counted icons, whereas low numerates used large‐area processing. There was no effect of iconicity in the probability estimation. However, people who saw restroom icons had a higher probability of correctly recalling the exact risk level. Iconicity had no effect on icon liking. Although the effects are small, our findings suggest that person‐like restroom icons in pictographs seem to have some advantages for risk communication. Specifically, in nonpersonalized prevention brochures, person‐like restroom icons may maintain reader motivation for processing the risk information.     

医生的信息-情感交互模式对移动问诊服务满意度的影响——基于“激励-保健”理论的分析

移动问诊服务日益成熟,但患者满意度仍有待提高。现有研究对医患交互过程关注不足,且忽略患者不满意评价的影响因素。为此,本文引入"激励-保健"理论视角,研究医生的信息-情感交互模式对移动问诊服务满意及不满的影响机制。本文筛选国内某领先移动问诊平台中的300次医患沟通记录,采用"先定性后定量"的混合研究方法对数据进行分析。其中,定性研究旨在识别医生交互模式的细分维度,定量研究则用于提出并验证不同交互模式与患者满意及不满的关系。研究发现,医生的信息交互模式是移动问诊服务满意度的保健因素,而情感交互模式是激励因素。结论丰富了移动问诊服务患者满意度的研究框架,对改善医生行为和医疗服务APP设计提供了指导。     

多渠道医疗门诊挂号的时间策略研究

现阶段多种门诊挂号方式并存时,根据患者特性制定不同的等待时间策略尤为重要。本文考虑门诊挂号的三种渠道：直接排队挂号渠道、电话预约挂号渠道与O2O预约挂号渠道。在价格外生前提下,综合考虑患者的渠道偏好程度、时间敏感性与提前支付敏感性,基于效用理论构建患者的渠道选择模型。根据该模型推导得出不同市场条件下医院的需求,医院再据此制定患者的等待时间策略以达到利润最大化的目的。研究发现：当医院仅开通单一挂号渠道时,若患者的时间敏感度越大、渠道偏好程度越小,等待时间均越小;开通某两种挂号渠道时,还需考虑患者对两种渠道的偏好比例,偏好某种渠道的患者比例增加,选择该渠道的患者等待时间增加,选择另一渠道的患者等待时间减小;同时开通三种渠道时,最偏好某渠道的患者比例越大,选择该渠道的患者的等待时间也越大;在所有情况下,患者对提前支付的敏感度均不影响最优等待时间的制定。     

In Memoriam: Emeritus Professor Henry Oliver Lancaster, AO FAA 1 February 1913 – 2 December 2001

The death, in Sydney, of Oliver Lancaster marks the end of an era in the histories of the Statistical Society of Australia, which (in its previous existence as the Statistical Society of New South Wales) he helped found in 1947, and of the Australian Journal of Statistics of which he was founding editor (1959–1971). Oliver Lancaster was Foundation Professor of Mathematical Statistics at the University of Sydney (1959–1978), where he spent his life as student and academic. During his academic career, he achieved scholarly distinction in at least four fields: mathematical statistics, medical and public health statistics, the history of medicine and of statistics, and statistical bibliography. With E.J.G. Pitman (1897–1993), M.H. Belz (1897–1975), E.A. Cornish (1909–1973) and P.A.P. Moran (1917–1988) he was part of a cohort of renowned Australian mathematical statisticians who laid the foundation of the glory days of Australian mathematical statistics. This obituary and tribute focuses on some of these aspects, within a broader historical picture.