The assessment of tumour response to treatment

Summary.  A parsimonious model for treated tumours is developed as a continuation of our previous work on regrowth curve theory. The statistical model belongs to the family of marginal non-linear models since the only linear parameters of the model are tumour specific and random facilitating parameter estimation. An important feature of the model is that it enables the estimation of the fraction of cancer cells surviving the treatment in vivo having easy-to-obtain longitudinal measurements of tumour volume. We compare several methods of estimation, including Lindstrom–Bates, iterated reweighted least squares and maximum likelihood. The last two methods are computed via the total estimating equations approach and variance least squares. The theory is illustrated with a photodynamic tumour therapy example.     

多方发挥物理实验教学的职能作用

当前我国医学教育中物理实验教学存在弱点:对物理教育不重视,实验条件差,仪器、设备陈旧,实验选项过时,实验课时少.针对存在的问题及现状,在现有的条件之内,我们提出了物理实验课的改进措施:认真做好实验准备,发挥教师的主导作用,督查学生亲自动手,利用现有仪器设备,不断改善实验条件,重视教学情况的反馈信息.     

An alternative to the analysis of covariance for comparing randomized treatments

The problem of comparing mean responses for several treatments applied to a common population is considered. The analysis of co-variance ‘ANCOVA’ is frequently used to take advantage of covariate information in this setting, but in many cases ANCOVA's assumption of parallel regression functions precludes the use of ANCOVA. In this paper, an alternative method is developed which does not make this assumption     

Partitioning with Respect to a Control: Unequal Sample Sizes Case

This article describes a method for partitioning with respect to a control for the situation in which the treatment sample sizes are unequal and also for the situation where the treatment sample sizes are equal except for a few missing values. Calculation of the critical values required for finding confidence limits is discussed and tables are presented for the “almost equal” sample size case. An application of this method to length of stay data for congestive heart failure patients is also provided.     

Kernel estimation of a distribution function

A distribution function is estimated by a kernel method with

a poinrwise mean squared error criterion at a point x. Relation- ships between the mean squared error, the point x, the sample size and the required kernel smoothing parazeter are investigated for several distributions treated by Azzaiini (1981). In particular it is noted that at a centre of symmetry or near a mode of the distribution the kernei method breaks down. Point- wise estimation of a distribution function is motivated as a more useful technique than a reference range for preliminary medical diagnosis.     

An asymptotic distribution-free selection procedure for a two-way layout problem

This paper deals with an asymptotic distribution-free subset selection procedure for a two-way layout problem. The treatment effect with the largest unknown value is of interest to us. The block effect is a nuisance parameter in this problem. The proposed procedure is based on the Hodges-Lehmann estimators of location parameters. The asymptotic relative efficiency of the proposed procedure with the normal means procedure is evaluated. It is shown that the proposed procedure has a high efficiency.     

医学科研项目的风险管理对策研究

医学科研项目存在着投入资金高、研发周期长、失败率高以及实验环节多等特点,其研究结果往往具有不确定性和不可预期性,因此,有必要从项目的风险角度来进行管理,以规避项目过程的风险.文章旨在对医学科研项目风险成因分析的基础上,较为系统地提出项目风险管理对策.根据项目实施流程,设计医学科研项目风险管理流程,具体分析了立项、实施、结题的不同阶段其风险管理的特点,以期为我国逐步形成医学科研项目风险管理的科学方法提供有益的理论参考.     

江苏省农村高血压防治知识知晓及治疗依从性分析

目的：分析江苏省农村地区高血压患者防治知识知晓和依从性情况及其影响因素,为探索农村高血压县乡村协作管理策略提供依据。方法：采用率等描述性分析防治知识知晓和治疗依从性,通过χ2检验和Logistic回归等推断性分析影响因素。结果：高血压防治知识知晓率为75.6%（苏南64.8%,苏中74.6%和苏北84.0%）,婚姻状况、文化程度和地区是影响因素;88.2%患者的服药依从性较好（苏南92.9%,苏中92.6%和苏北79.0%）,地区和防治知识知晓情况是影响因素。结论：不同地区需结合自身特点,组建县乡村高血压纵向协作团队,提高患者防治知识知晓和治疗依从性。     

略论本科医学教育创新型人才培养模式的构建

随着《本科医学教育标准》的发布和医学创新型人才建设目标的提出,高等医学教育必须转变人才培养模式,培养创新人才。参照本科医学教育标准对医学人才培养的新要求,讨论构建医学创新人才培养模式这一重要问题,为高等医学院校开展医学创新人才培养提供参考依据。