试论约翰·亚当斯对美国政府的设计

约翰·亚当斯是美国早期最重要和最有影响的政治家之一。在美国建国初期,他率先系统地提出了邦联-共和主义政府设计方案,并亲自参与了美国第一期宪政体制确立的过程。1780年之后,亚当斯在政府设计理念上又较快地实现了从邦联制向联邦制的转变。其间,亚当斯发表的一些重要的政治论文和宪法性文件,通过各种渠道对1787年宪法的产生和权利法案的追加发挥了不可忽视的影响,为美国民主共和政体的确立做出了非常重要的贡献。     

市场经济的形成：人的社会性与个性分离的过程

市场经济的形成过程可以划分为物物交换、商品流通和资本流通三个阶段。在物物交换阶段,人的社会性与个性从同一开始了分离,在商品流通阶段,人的社会性与个性在形式上完成了分离;在资本流通阶段,人的社会性与个性从形式到内容出现了全面的分离。因此,人的社会性与个性的分离是市场经济形成的实质和标志。     

三权分置、农地流转及其风险防范

农村土地三权分置的制度创新,旨在坚持农地集体所有制、稳定农地承包权、放活土地经营权。除退出和互换外,转包、出租、转让、入股、抵押等流转仅限于承包地的经营权,所有权和承包权不变。随着流转的全面展开,法律滞后将导致诸如非农化、非粮化与确权不确地、合同违约、农地过度集中等损害农民土地权益的风险。由此应当对农地三权分置政策予以法律规范化的三权分设,健全经营权主体准入制度,建立流入方农业生产经营资质审查制度,配套农地经营权主体经营内容监管制度,构建土地流转风险保障金制度,并对具体法律条文的修改作出立法选择。     

何其芳后期创作分裂论

何其芳赴延安之后的创作与其早期作品比较,明显出现了思想与艺术发展的不平衡。这种分裂的原因是多方面的:首先是时代的规约。作为无产阶级革命战士,何其芳后期创作深深烙下了为政治服务的印记。其次是对新事物的盲目赞美。童年的苦难经历使何其芳对旧社会深恶痛绝,对共产党强烈热爱,一味的赞美与高歌构成了他后期创作的主题旨归。三是何其芳怀有强烈的告别旧我的“原罪”意识。投身革命的知识分子要改造自己身上的种种非无产阶级思想与意识,但这种改造绝非是要通过彻底否定“旧我”的方式来实现,而何其芳恰恰陷入了这样的思维误区,导致了他矫枉过正,自我主体缺失,走上了一条思想进步而艺术退坡的路子。     

上帝的在场——试析上帝在洛克理论中的地位

文章通过对洛克理论中一些基本概念的分析,认为上帝在洛克理论中处于非常基础的地位。正是上帝造人,赋予人理性能力,人才可以从社会中展开各项活动;因为同为上帝所造,所以人才生而自由平等。洛克的理论正是在上帝的保证下才得以稳妥展开。同时本文指出,虽人类社会不同领域的最终根源都在上帝,洛克要做的工作却是强调它们的分离,因惟此社会才可得到安全。      

基于盲信号分离的分布式目标DOA估计方法

在分布函数未知或数学形式不同的分布式目标同时存在的情况下,研究了一种基于盲信号分离的相干分布式目标一维搜索ＤＯＡ估计方法。仿真实验结果表明,这种分布式目标ＤＯＡ估计方法具有分布参数门限现象,ＤＯＡ估计性能对其他信号源的分布参数不敏感。     

专业(基础)课教考分离的实践与思考

介绍我校钢铁冶金专业的专业(基础)课教考分离的实践,认为专业(基础)课教考分离走可行的,它有利于教学质量的提高,有利于专业人才的培养.     

关于夫妻同居义务的立法思考

是否有必要在法律上规定夫妻有同居的义务是值得商榷的。通过对婚姻的自然与社会属性以及生活上的考察 ,得出的结论是 :如果明确规定夫妻有同居义务 ,有可能给当事人带来三方面的困境 :( 1)夫妻一方不愿意同居时法律无能强制 ;( 2 )婚内强奸求告救无门和无法律依据 ;( 3)协议分居期间一方的性侵犯如何认定。要维护婚姻关系 ,关键是在立法上规定“夫妻共同婚姻生活”和“夫妻双方共负贞操”的义务     

Timing of Parental Separation and Attachment to Parents in Adolescence: Results of a Prospective Study from Birth to Age 16

Using prospective longitudinal data from the Christchurch Health and Development Study (CHDS), this paper examines the effects of parental separation on the quality of adolescents' attachment to parents and their perceptions of parental care and overprotection during childhood. Exposure to parental separation was significantly associated with lower attachment to parents in adolescence and more negative perceptions of maternal and paternal care and protection during childhood. When examined in relation to the developmental timing of first separation, a linear relationship between the age at first separation and later parental attachment and perceived parent–child relations was found. The younger the age of the child at the time of separation, the lower their subsequent parental attachment and the more likely they were to perceive both their mother and father as less caring and more overprotective. No gender differences were found in children's responses to parental separation. These findings persisted after control for the confounding effects of family social background, marital conflict, parenting, child behavior, and remarriage. Results supported the importance of the early childhood years for the development of a secure and enduring attachment relationship between children and their parents.     

Till Discord Do Us Part: The Role of Physical and Verbal Conflict in Union Disruption

The focus of this study was the extent to which physical aggression and, to a lesser extent, verbal conflict predict relationship dissolution in a national sample. Data were from a 5‐ to 7‐year follow‐up of 3,508 married and cohabiting couples in the National Survey of Families and Households. Controlling for demographic factors and verbal conflict, male violence significantly elevated the risk of disruption between waves. Female violence was not a predictor of disruption. Much of the effect of male violence was accounted for by its association with reduced relationship quality. The impact of male violence did not appear to differ according to the female partner's socioeconomic resources or whether couples were in formal or informal unions.