New avenues to be opened for social protection in the Arab world: the case of Egypt*

This article looks at social protection in the Arab world. Giving the example of Egypt, it asks why poverty is so widespread and why – despite the country's numerous social protection systems – social risks are a major contributing factor to it. It concludes that reforms are due. The existing systems are well funded but inefficient and more to the benefit of the better‐off than the poor. A reform approach is proposed which builds on both conventional and more innovative strategies: campaigns should be launched to raise public awareness of social risks; social assistance spending should be increased; and the operating public pension schemes should be reformed. At the same time, new avenues have to be opened to meet the specific needs of informal sector workers who have extreme difficulty in being covered by social insurance or social assistance. To this purpose, micro‐insurance is a promising approach for the Arab‐world region.     

众筹融资支持小微文化创意企业发展的思路探讨

文化创意产业是经济发展的新引擎。在文化创意产业中,小微文化创意企业是其主力军。但由于企业实力有限、抵押品缺乏以及行业风险高等原因,小微文化创意企业融资渠道不畅通,限制了其发展。众筹融资开放灵活、门槛低、平台资源丰富,是小微文化创意企业融资的有效方式。文章从政府、融资平台和企业三个层面提出了众筹融资支持小微文化创意企业发展的思路。     

Micro‐Situational Antecedents of Violent Atrocity1

This article presents an analysis of video recordings showing micro‐situational events that preceded the 1995 Srebrenica massacre in which more than 7,000 Bosnian‐Muslim men were killed by troops of the Bosnian Serb Army. The article focuses on the sequential unfolding of micro interactions and emotional dynamics that preceded the atrocity. Micro interactions constitute situational turning points toward, or away from, atrocities. Even if there are preplanned plots or macro‐structural background conditions that lead particular persons to be motivated to commit violence, a micro‐situational, emotional momentum is needed for atrocities to occur. The article brings together the analysis of video material of violent situations with Ekman’s research tools for emotional cues and Collins’s micro‐sociological theory of violence.     

论语用否定的形成机理和使用意义

从语用否定是否受语言形式限制的角度,可以分为微观语用否定和宏观语用否定。微观语用否定包括由违反量准则形成的语用否定和违反方式准则形成的语用否定;宏观语用否定包括预设的否定和语体色彩的否定。使用语用否定可以达到辩解、设置悬念和幽默的修辞效果。     

论学生参加英语教学法教学实践的控制问题

英语教学法指导教师在教学中应当从宏观上和微观上对英语师范生的英语教学实践活动实施控制.所谓宏观控制就是引导学生亲历英语教学活动的整个过程,从而能从整体上把握英语教学的结构、内涵、规律以及有关教学理论等等;所谓微观控制,就是指导学生在教学实践过程中,逐步把握其每个阶段的教学内容与操作方法,各个阶段如何过渡衔接承上启下,各个阶段如何安排新内容和导入新知识等等.这两种控制虽各有侧重,如前者似乎重在解决理论与认识的问题,后者似乎重在解决方法与技能的问题,但二者在控制运作中却是有机统一、不可分割的,在整体上是解决能力问题,即提高英语教学能力。     

促进农民增收的一种有效方式--浅析农户小额信用贷款的绩效

文章主要分析农户小额信用贷款在其推广过程中所产生的绩效,阐明农户小额信用贷款是促进农民增收的一种有效方式,充分肯定农村金融在农村经济发展中的能动作用.     

基于DDS的频率特性测试仪

介绍了基于DDS设计的频率特性测试仪,整个系统以单片机为控制核心,实现了对被测网络频率特性的测量,用液晶显示器LcD显示幅频特性和相频特性曲线,同时还可打印频响曲线.     

原子吸收法测定蚯蚓中的微量元素

本文采用原子吸收法测定蚯蚓中微量元素的含量,发现六种微量元素含量都比较高,为蚯蚓在食品工业和中医药研究方面的应用提供了科学依据.     

对CA6140车床进给系统新的思考

本文在深入分析了ＣＡ６１４０车床进给系统的基础上，提出了用“三轴滑移公用齿轮机构”代替原机床“双轴滑移公用齿轮机构”的总体设想。改进后的机床在进给机构方面不仅能原设计的不足，又能改善其综合功能，获得较好的效果。     

基于“微课”发展视阈的高校德育创新论

互联网的出现推动着一场新的教育革命。“微课”是在国内继博客、微博、微信等之后,在高等教育领域崭露头角的又一新生事物,势必会推动着高等教育教学方式的再次变革。本文基于“微课”发展视阈积极探索高校德育模式的创新与实践,并对信息时代德育教学创新发展进行了展望。