聚乙二醇-硫酸铵双水相体系萃取分离食用色素的研究

研究了硫酸铵-聚乙二醇（PEG）双水相体系中,PEG浓度、（NH4）2SO4用量、Trition X-100用量、溶液酸度等因素对常见食用色素叶绿素铜钠盐（SCC）萃取率的影响。研究表明,在50mL的总体积中,聚乙二醇的浓度为30％,10％的SCC溶液的体积为1mL,（NH4）2SO4用量为10．0g,表面活性剂Trition X-100的用量为1．0mL,在中性或微碱性条件下,叶绿素铜钠盐的萃取率达97．98％。叶绿素铜钠盐最大吸收峰位于632nm,实验测定其溶液体积在0—1．2mL范围内符合比耳定律,标准工作曲线为Y=1．0117x＋0．0055,R=0．9999。在实验条件下,金属离子Zn^2＋、Mn^2＋、Mg^2＋、Fe^2＋、Ni^2＋、Cu^2＋对SCC的萃取均不干扰。     

商陆浆果黄酮类化合物和多糖的提取与测定研究

以商陆浆果为原料,用石油醚去脂-乙醇抽提-甲醇溶解的方法提取了商陆浆果中黄酮类化合物．采用石油醚去脂-热水提取-三氯乙酸法除蛋白-活性炭脱色-乙醇醇析提取、沉淀的提取工艺从商陆浆果中提取多糖,并用苯酚-硫酸比色测定法对其进行定量测定．结果表明：商陆浆果中粗多糖含量为3．77％．用HCl-镁粉、HCl-锌粉热水浴、2％AlCl3-乙醇、1％NaOH溶液和1％FeCl3-乙醇与95％乙醇提取物进行显色反应,呈现黄酮类化合物性质特征颜色;利用紫外分光光度法测定甲醇提取物的紫外吸收光谱,观察到黄酮类化合物的特征吸收峰带,表明样品提取物中含有黄酮类化合物．     

项目法施工成本辅助管理系统的开发研究

以项目法施工为基础,结合公路工程施工的实际情况,对项目法施工成本辅助管理系统进行了研究开发,通过规范化、标准化的数据录入和系统化的分析处理,将资源消耗管理、成本管理和企业效益评价等工程项目管理中的关键环节联成一个有机的管理系统,如实反映企业的管理水平,实现了工程项目施工成本的动态化和智能化管理。     

Trend estimation of multivariate time series with controlled smoothness

This paper extends the univariate time series smoothing approach provided by penalized least squares to a multivariate setting, thus allowing for joint estimation of several time series trends. The theoretical results are valid for the general multivariate case, but particular emphasis is placed on the bivariate situation from an applied point of view. The proposal is based on a vector signal-plus-noise representation of the observed data that requires the first two sample moments and specifying only one smoothing constant. A measure of the amount of smoothness of an estimated trend is introduced so that an analyst can set in advance a desired percentage of smoothness to be achieved by the trend estimate. The required smoothing constant is determined by the chosen percentage of smoothness. Closed form expressions for the smoothed estimated vector and its variance-covariance matrix are derived from a straightforward application of generalized least squares, thus providing best linear unbiased estimates for the trends. A detailed algorithm applicable for estimating bivariate time series trends is also presented and justified. The theoretical results are supported by a simulation study and two real applications. One corresponds to Mexican and US macroeconomic data within the context of business cycle analysis, and the other one to environmental data pertaining to a monitored site in Scotland.     

紫草色素的分离纯化及超细化研究

本文利用索氏提取法从紫草根中提取了紫草色素,利用柱层析和重结晶技术进行了分离纯化,得到了,ββ-二甲基丙烯酰紫草素.利用熔点、紫外、红外、质谱等测试手段对该化合物的组成和结构进行了表征.利用超临界流体快速膨胀法对化合物β,β-二甲基丙烯酰紫草素进行了超细化研究,得到了紫草色素的超细微粒.     

万寿菊中叶黄素的提取与强化工艺研究

本文研究了从万寿菊中提取叶黄素的强化工艺条件，对提取剂、皂化液浓度及皂化时间进行了考察．并确定出以二氯甲烷作提取剂、皂化液浓度为4％，皂化时澡为2h的适宜工艺条件．粗提物经柱层析分离，重结晶，再经过超临界流体沉淀处理后，可提高叶黄素的纯度．     

介电可调薄膜材料及压控微波器件研究

利用介电可调薄膜材料的调谐特性研制的介质压控微波器件高频特性好、功率容量大、响应速度快,还有易集成、功耗小、成本低、可靠性高的特点,相比半导体管、铁氧体以及MEMS器件有明显的优势。该文系统介绍了近年来国内外介电可调薄膜材料及压控微波器件的研究进展,并结合作者的工作评述了介电可调薄膜材料和压控微波器件的应用情况。除研究最为集中的钛酸锶钡BaxSr1-xTiO3(BST)材料,还介绍了具有较高调谐率的铋基焦绿石铌酸铋镁Bi1.5MgNb1.5O7(BMN)薄膜材料,该材料介电损耗低(约0.002),介电常数适中(约86),温度系数小,是一种极具发展前景的微波介电可调材料。     

膜分离技术在液相色谱样品前处理中的应用

膜分离技术近年来广泛应用于液相色谱检测样品的前处理，加速了膜技术的进步。概述了膜分离技术的优点，重点综述了多孔膜和非孔膜分离技术原理和模型，以及 pH、温度、压力、膜组成等因素对分离性能的影响。介绍了膜分离技术在环境工程、食品工业和生物医药领域液相色谱检测样品前处理过程中的应用与其存在问题。同时指出如果能解决膜材料、膜分离装置和自动在线联用技术等制约因素，膜分离技术将在人类社会的发展史上起到不可替代的作用。     

Geo-sampling in developing nations

RTI International created a geospatial grid-based sampling methodology that: achieved a probability-based household sample and unbiased estimates; was comparable across countries; used simple frame data available from the in-country census; and was efficient with minimal training to local field staff. The methodology used 1 km² LandScan world population data, which was further subdivided to smaller grid cells ranging from 50 to 150 m². To guide fieldwork, georeferenced maps were generated and viewed without an Internet connection using a third-party app and the tablet’s internal global positioning systems receiver. The field staff’s location was displayed in real time as a blue dot enabling field staff to determine household inclusivity. This methodology was successfully implemented for household surveys Latin America, Africa, and Asia. The design is transferable, adaptable, scalable, and can be used anywhere in the world.     

空气流化棒助流装置的研究

为了消除料仓内结拱、堵塞等不正常现象,提出了空气流化棒助流装置的设计方案.空气流化棒能够有效地克服料仓内异常料流现象.在流化风作用下的料仓内水泥流动的研究表明当下料口径(D)与料仓直径(D1)之比大于0.08而小于0.13时,物料流量与下料口径呈二次抛物线的关系;当D/D1大于0.13时,物料流量基本不随下料口径的变化而变化;当下料口径一定时,物料流量基本不随物料高度的变化而变化.