China’s first priority in post-war state building: A wealthy state,or a strong army?

This analysis examined causal links in China’s defence–growth nexus in 1960–2016. The results show that better growth significantly reduces military-civilian ratio and propels military reforms. The unidirectional threshold causality from growth to defence shows that the military impact on a positive change in China’s growth is little in the long term. Conversely, the growth impact of a positive change in defence has accelerated after it reaches the threshold year in 1987. This finding explains why Chinese economy stagnated when defence was prioritised and why China has risen dramatically in the Far East after three decades of fast economic growth.     

东晋襄阳地区军府的沿革及其与各政治集团之关系——以侨义成郡为中心的考察

东晋襄阳地区军府扼长江中上游北鄙门户,政治地位十分突出,其沿革与各政治集团势力的消长关系密切。咸和七年,陶侃以桓宣镇襄阳,以其淮南部曲置侨义成郡。襄阳地区军府的沿革,与义成郡统辖权的归属紧密相关。义成郡统辖权在不同名号的襄阳地区军府和其他军府间频繁地转换,关键在于义成郡军事化的＂乡族集团＂是襄阳地区军府所仰仗的重要力量,而其他军府（主要是荆州都督府）欲削弱或省废襄阳军府时,则往往先将义成郡的统辖权收归己有。义成郡统辖权的转换,见证了襄阳地区军府的沿革和各政治集团斗争的经过。     

“The Mommy Deployment”: Military Spouses and Surrogacy in the United States

This article examines narratives of women who are surrogates and are married to members of the military in the United States. I show how this group of women invoke and transpose their structured military experiences and institutional understandings of sacrifice, duty, and responsibility when constructing their surrogate experience. Using semistructured interviews with 33 military spouses who have been surrogates,? I trace the parallels they narrate between their role as military spouse and their role as surrogate—with metaphors of deployment, relocation, and the “hurry up and wait” game, in addition to strict daily regimentation. Through this work, I highlight the often‐surprising transposition between militarized and surrogacy narratives invoked by surrogates and show how the practice of surrogacy allows them to tap into the narratives they have crafted through their experiences as a spouse to make a difference in the lives of others, contribute financially to their own families, and to gain a sense of importance outside of their everyday roles. The narratives provide for a better understanding of the commercially arranged surrogate experience in the United States and the state‐structured military spouse experience by exposing the skills, language, and habits utilized by this group of women.     

War is where the hearth is: gendered labor and the everyday reproduction of the geopolitical in the army reserves

The feminized imaginary of “home and hearth” has long been central to the notion of soldiering as masculinist protection. Soldiering and war are not only materialized by gendered imaginaries of home and hearth though, but through everyday labors enacted within the home. Focusing on in-depth qualitative research with women partners and spouses of British Army reservists, we examine how women’s everyday domestic and emotional labor enables reservists to serve, constituting “hearth and home” as a site through which war is made possible. As reservists – who are still overwhelmingly heterosexual men – become increasingly called upon by the state, one must consider how the changing nature of the Army’s procurement of soldiers is also changing demands on women’s labor. Feminist IPE scholars have shown broader trends in the outsourcing of labor to women and its privatization. Our research similarly underscores the significance of everyday gendered labor to the geopolitical. Moreover, we highlight the fragility of military power, given that women can withdraw their labor at any time. The article concludes that paying attention to women’s everyday labor in the home facilitates greater understanding of one of the key sites through which war is both materialized and challenged.     

Factors Associated with Sexual Dysfunction Symptoms among Veterans who Have Experienced Military Sexual Trauma

Although military sexual trauma (MST) has been found to be associated with sexual dysfunction (SD), there is limited information about the demographic, health, and traumatic experience factors related to SD symptoms among veterans who have experienced MST. The current study surveyed a national sample of 2,002 U.S. veterans who had screened positive for MST. Relationship status, overall health, and antidepressant use were significantly related to the presence of SD symptoms. Analyses examining SD types demonstrated that different factors may contribute to different SD symptoms. Potential implications of these findings for clinical practice and sexual health research among veterans are discussed.     

邓小平国家安全思想评析

邓小平国家安全思想是邓小平关于国家总体战略的一个重要组成部分。邓小平国家安全思想可归纳为国家利益、经济发展、政治安全、军事安全、国际和平等五个相互关联、逐步递进的逻辑层次,即维护国家安全必须立足于国家利益,要以经济发展、国力增强为固本之源,要努力维护政治安全、实现国内稳定,要提升军事力量、大力反对霸权干涉、维护国际和平。     

高校军事谋略教育的主体价值与迁移价值

在我国高等学校的国防教育中，军事谋略教育尚未引起高度的重视。出现这种情况的原因之一，就是对军事谋略教育的价值缺乏充分的认识。高校开展军事谋略教育具有国防教育所期望的铸魂、精武和尚谋等主体价值，同时还具有高校素质教育所追求的创新创业等迁移价值。     

唐宋时期长江三峡地区军政地位之演变——以夔州治所及其刺史人选为中心的考察

汉唐时期,险峻的白帝城一带乃是三峡地区的政治、军事中心,其战守利害关系到长江上、中游的政局,于总体政治地理格局亦有重要影响.至唐中后期,夔州刺史多由中央官员贬谪而来,乃是峡区地住下降的前兆.而北宋景德以后,峡区中心转移到"瀼西".则标志着白帝城的最终衰落及地区政治、军事功能的大幅度降低.白帝城与"瀼西"代表着两种不同的治所城市模式:军政要塞式与经济、行政功能兼具式,峡区治所在两者间的迁移可以说是"唐宋变革"在中国腹地的具体表现.     

王安石的军事思想

王安石作为政治家、改革家,虽没有完整系统的军事著作,但围绕富国强兵这个思想宗旨,而对军事问题多有论述。其军事思想表现在散见的文论中,体现在变法的主张里。王安石提出的"省兵"、"将兵法"、"兵农合一"等军事思想,具有进步的历史意义和现实价值。     

Challenging hegemonic masculinity by performance of ethnic habitus

The aim of this article is to examine the effect of ethnic habitus, in a specific setting, on the construction of alternative dominant masculinity and the challenge of hegemonic masculinity. Based on Bourdieu's notion of habitus, the article will show that in a specific ethno‐cultural setting, characterized by ethnic habitus, marginalized groups construct and perform situated dominant masculinity. The study is based on the military, which is a central organization for the construction of masculine identities, and will focus specifically on combat soldiers, who constitute the most significant model of idealized masculinity. Based on semi‐structured interviews, this micro‐level study demonstrates the part of self‐performance in the construction of masculinity and the challenge of hegemonic masculinity. Furthermore, illustrating the performance of worthy dominant masculinity by inferior ethnic groups in effect exposes the separation between the social status and the masculine status. Separation between social status and masculine status gives emphasis to masculinity as relational and contextual social practice and enables alternative dominant masculinities to be detected that challenge hegemonic masculinity within different settings.