新中国初期基层政府灾害应对机制研究——以1959年登陆福建台风灾害为例

1959年为新中国成立十年来福建台风较为严重的一年,如何应对灾害是对新中国政府执政能力和应对水准的一次严峻考验。基层政府对灾害的应对机制发生了明显变化,应对机制的成熟表现在以下几个方面：社会动员机制、信息沟通机制、灾后重建机制,对其进行考察,可为现阶段我国灾害应急机制的建立和完善提供借鉴。     

Academic opportunity structures and the creation of campus activism

Past research points to elite, liberal and/or wealthy universities and colleges as the most likely sites of campus activism. In addition, periods of high social movement mobilization in society in general are given credit in spurring student activists. In contrast, this study examines how a feminist activist subculture is created on a conservative campus at a time of subdued societal activism. I draw on a four-year ethnography of a U.S.-based, feminist-oriented student organization to conceptualize how universities facilitate student groups through an ‘academic opportunity structure,’ and in the process promote the development of an activist subculture. In doing so, I argue that universities, like the political and cultural environment, can be open or closed to campus activism. When there is a favourable environment, universities require the creation of formalized organizations, centralized leadership, and an institutional history. In response to meeting these requirements, universities then provide necessary resources to student groups and facilitate activism. These academic opportunity structures then foster activist subcultures that allow student groups to continue over time with the potential to influence the larger university culture.     

Understanding Persistence in the Resistance

Since Donald Trump's inauguration, large‐scale protest events have taken place around the United States, with many of the biggest events being held in Washington, DC. The streets of the nation's capital have been flooded with people marching about a diversity of progressive issues, including women's rights, climate change, and gun violence. Although research has found that these events have mobilized a high proportion of repeat participants who come out again and again, limited research has focused on understanding differential participation in protest, especially during one cycle of contention. This article, accordingly, explores the patterns among the protest participants to understand differential participation and what we refer to as “persistence in the Resistance.” In it, we analyze a unique data set collected from surveys conducted with a field approximation of a random sample of protest participants at the largest protest events in Washington, DC, since the Resistance began at the 2017 Women's March. Our findings provide insights into repeat protesters during this cycle of contention. The article concludes by discussing how our findings contribute to the research on differential participation.     

农民工:跨省流动与省内流动

文章通过2005年10月初进行的932份四川、广东农民工问卷调查,发现跨省流动和省内流动农民工在来源地、性别、年龄特征、文化程度、职业分布、收入水平、收入水平影响因素、生活费开支、年收入节余、工作期望、分项指标工作满意度、留城意向等方面都存在显著差异,但在总体工作满意度方面不存在显著差异。据此,该研究不支持托达罗人口流动模型,同时提出了农民工流动的“双拉力”理论。     

抗战时期陕甘宁边区的乡村动员

抗战时期,在陕甘宁边区,中国共产党发展农业、手工业和商业,给农民带来了看得到的经济利益;通过民主选举、民主监督等提高民众的民主觉悟和政治参与水平;发展社会教育,提高民众的思想文化水平。由此,中国共产党有效地动员了民众并控制了社会资源。     

从口述史视角看百团大战后革命根据地的民众动员

百团大战后,中共领导的抗日事业面临严重困难。亲历者的口述回忆资料表明,当时,中共在根据地推行的多项措施,都促成了根据地农民的精神解放,根据地农民因之而成为中共抗日事业的支持者和参与者,中共当时的困难局面,由此得以扭转。     

公共危机治理中政府决策能力的反思与前瞻

公共危机治理决策是典型的非常态非程序化决策,是检验现代政府决策能力的一个重要标尺.基于对公共危机治理决策之特性及其对政府决策能力之挑战性的研究,审视共和国建立以来公共危机治理政府决策能力嬗变与重构所经历的三个阶段的历史进程,剖析其变迁之得失因由及影响,反思其经验教训,进而探讨改善中国公共危机治理政府决策能力,提升公共危机治理决策效度之路径与对策.     

从劳动力培训与外出的动员看国家与农民的互动关系——以新疆柯坪县为例

国家与农民的关系,是农村研究中一个比较重要的框架,也是研究三农问题的重要视角,本文试图从社会动员能力的角度来分析国家与农民的关系,并将其纳入劳动力培训与输出的过程中。在考察对象上,本文选取的是中国西部农村的一个少数民族贫困县——柯坪县。本文拟通过考察该县劳动力培训与外出的动员过程,来探讨国家与农民的互动关系。     

基于生命周期的国民经济动员联盟组织模式研究

动员联盟是实现敏捷动员的重要组织形式,其组织模式的设计是动员联盟顺利运行的保证.在动员联盟生命周期的不同阶段,其主要任务不同,对组织模式选择的影响也不同.本文首先分析现有的几种组织模式与适用范围,然后结合动员联盟生命周期的各个阶段,提出动员联盟组织模式的选择方法.     

升级国民经济动员机构，支撑军队后勤保障社会化

推进军队后勤保障和其他保障的社会化，有利于实现富国与强军的统一。国民经济动员机构具有支撑军队后勤社会化的优势，通过国民经济动员机构支撑军队后勤保障和其他保障的社会化，有助于促进军民结合，推进平时保障与战时保障的统一，促进资源整合，并且符合机构改革的精神。为此，要在体制上明确各级国民经济动员机构的职能，建立和健全军队后勤保障和其他保障社会化的监督和监管机制，在国民经济动员潜力调查的基础上建立国防 采购数据库，在国民经济动员信息化建设的基础上推进国防采购信息化，开展军队后勤保障和其他保障社会化的科 学研究工作，通过积极培养人才来加强队伍建设。