论经济新闻标题中动词的妙用

新闻标题需要鲜活、生动,为此可以从许多方面进行努力:一是凝练观点,简洁显要。在吃透新闻内容的基础上,站在读者的角度,从中提炼出读者最感兴趣、最需要了解的要素在标题中作为观点加以表达,达到为新闻内容做"眼睛"的目的。二是要专业知识,通俗解释。将没有生命力的经济现象、经济活动"翻译"成形象感人、受众易于接受的形式。三是动词活用,鲜活生动。恰当地使用动词,增加标题语言的动感,真切地表现新闻内容或再现新闻场景。     

Rule learning transfer across linguistic and visual modalities in 7-month-old infants

Rule learning (RL) refers to infants’ ability to extract high-order, repetition-based rules from a sequence of elements and to generalize them to new items. RL has been demonstrated in both the auditory and the visual modality, but no studies have investigated infants’ transfer of learning across these two modalities, a process that is fundamental for the development of many complex cognitive skills. Using a visual habituation procedure within a cross-modal RL task, we tested 7-month-old infants’ transfer of learning both from speech to vision (auditory-visual—AV—condition) and from vision to speech (visual-auditory—VA—condition). Results showed a transfer of learning in the AV condition, but only for those infants who were able to efficiently extract the rule during the learning (habituation) phase. In contrast, in the VA condition infants provided no evidence of RL. Overall, this study indicates that 7-month-old infants can transfers high-order rules across modalities with an advantage for transferring from speech to vision, and that this ability is constrained by infants’ individual differences in the way they process the to-be-learned rules.     

多模态的跨文化交际能力测评模式

经济全球化的加快使国际交流愈加频繁,跨文化交际人才需求大大增加。构建中国大学生跨文化交际能力测评体系不仅有助于客观评估他们的跨文化交际能力,而且其反拨效应有利于更好地培养学生的跨文化交际能力。在知行合一的跨文化交际能力模式下,运用多模态理论构建跨文化交际能力的多模态测评模式框架,其测评对象为中国大学生,测评媒介为计算机和网络,测评内容包括跨文化交际的知识、意识、思辨、态度、技能和策略。根据教学评一致性原则,测评模态将与教学模态保持一致,并在教学内容和教学方法初步分级分类的基础上得以确定。     

Variable selection for semiparametric varying coefficient partially linear model based on modal regression with missing data

Abstract

In this article, we focus on the variable selection for semiparametric varying coefficient partially linear model with response missing at random. Variable selection is proposed based on modal regression, where the non parametric functions are approximated by B-spline basis. The proposed procedure uses SCAD penalty to realize variable selection of parametric and nonparametric components simultaneously. Furthermore, we establish the consistency, the sparse property and asymptotic normality of the resulting estimators. The penalty estimation parameters value of the proposed method is calculated by EM algorithm. Simulation studies are carried out to assess the finite sample performance of the proposed variable selection procedure.     

《齐民要术》动宾式双音词形义演变及成因

《要术》出现了不少动宾式双音词,其中近一半是魏晋南北朝的新词。这些双音词大多数以原形、原义进入现代汉语。但也有不少形义有变：或形同义异,或形异义同,或形异义异,或形失义存。产生这种变化的主要原因是该书运用了大量的方言口语和专业词汇,有些构词语素表义欠明晰,另外动宾式构词法本身存在的不足也是重要的因素。     

《汉语大词典》失收《史记》双音动词考

《史记》是秦汉时期语言实录的一部宏篇巨著,其词汇在汉语词汇史上具有重要的意义。从大型历时性辞书编纂的角度看,《史记》必当是辞书所选秦汉语料之一,如大型辞书《汉语大词典》就大量以《史记》为语料而设定词条及义项,又大量引之为书证。但就该辞书所收词条看,仍存有不少词条失收问题。今就所检《汉语大词典》失收《史记》双音动词数则作一些简要考释,以期对读者阅读、研究《史记》及辞书的再次修订有一定的参考价值。     

A Model of Age-specific Fecundability

A new model of the behavioural and physiological causes of age-specific variation in marital fecundability is presented. Total fecundability is decomposed into a series of susceptibility factors (the length of ovarian cycles, the length of the fertile period within each cycle, the probability that a cycle is ovulatory, and the likelihood that an act of unprotected intercourse within the fertile period results in conception) and an exposure factor reflecting the effect of duration of marriage on coital frequency. The impact of intra-uterine mortality on effective fecundability is also modelled. Data on western women, from which standard age curves of fecundability are estimated, suggest that any decline in fecundity between ages 30 and 40 is attributable to changes, not in the ability to conceive, but in the capacity to carry a pregnancy to term. Sensitivity tests suggest that the most important potential sources of inter-population variation in fecundability are intra-uterine death and the incidence of anovulatory cycles.     

绘本叙事语篇的多模态文学文体学研究

绘本包括封面、环衬（蝴蝶页）、扉页、正文、封底五个部分，其叙事涉及文字和图像两种模态的调用和协同，图像模态 又涉及布局排版、神情、颜色等非语言符号的应用。通过对获奖绘本的分析，发现绘本作为一种特殊的体裁形式，凸显出词汇、 句法、语篇、修辞四个层面的文体特征。文图模态主要呈现出补充强化和对应两种关系，表现出一定的互动意义和构图意义。 对绘本叙事模态关系的了解将有助于拓展英语儿童文学课程中不同文学体裁的教学，以便更好地指导学生锻炼外语综合应用 能力和发展他们的多元读写能力。     

What Do You Think? The Relationship between Person Reference and Communication About the Mind in Toddlers

The present studies examined the relationship between children's use of grammatical structures indicating self–other differentiation (i.e., personal pronouns, verb conjugation) and their ability to use language to express their own and others' mental states (MSL). In Study 1, 104 parents of two‐ to three‐year‐old children filled out online checklists assessing children's vocabulary, their use of MSL, and first‐ and second‐person pronouns and verb forms. In Study 2, 77 mothers of 1.5‐ to 2.5‐year‐old children filled out the MacArthur–Bates communicative development inventory, and additional checklists for MSL and verb conjugation. Results of both studies showed that children's use of grammatical person reference is strongly related to their level of grammatical abilities. Importantly, pronominal and inflectional references to others were correlated with children's discourse about the mind. Thus, linguistic tools that are used to distinguish self from others are not only indicators of children's grammatical development, but also their level of sociocognitive understanding.     

小型语料库在专门用途英语教学中的应用——以航空英语教学为例

目前中国开展的专门用途英语(ESP)教学很容易陷入"以知识为导向"和"经验主义"的误区。ESP教师若能基于对学生的需求分析,选择真实语料,自建ESP语料库,则能很好地解决这两个问题。以航空英语为切入点,建立小型语料库,探讨其在ESP教学中的应用。基于该语料库对fail类和failure类词的使用进行定量分析,证实了航空英语比通用英语更倾向使用动词名词化结构。这一案例分析表明,语料库确实能够帮助学生认识航空英语的特点,提高其对语言现象的敏感性。