Oligarchy for Social Choice Correspondences and Strategy-Proofness

We study the existence of a group of individuals which has some decisive power for social choice correspondences that satisfy a monotonicity property which we call modified monotonicity. And we examine the relation between modified monotonicity and strategy-proofness of social choice correspondences according to the definition by Duggan and Schwartz (2000). We will show mainly the following two results. (1) Modified monotonicity implies the existence of an oligarchy. An oligarchy is a group of individuals such that it has some decisive power (semi-decisiveness), and at least one of the most preferred alternatives of every its member is always chosen by any social choice correspondence. (2) Strategy-proofness of social choice correspondences is equivalent to modified monotonicity.     

医疗侵权中的因果关系——英美侵权行为法视角下的分析

因果关系的认定是医疗侵权案件中的一个难点.文章引用二分法的因果关系理论将因果关系分为事实上的因果关系和法律上的因果关系两个层次,认为对于医疗侵权纠纷,应根据不同的侵权形态,在事实因果关系的认定上分别适用必要条件原则、实质要素原则和"错失机会"原则;在法律因果关系的认定上适用限制性可预见说,并应该充分考虑介入原因、取代原因和政策因素.     

现代信息技术的发展对远程教育的影响

现代远程教育作为一种利用现代信息技术发展高素质教育的教育方式正以前所未有的速度向前发展,并在许多国家的教育系统中脱颖而出,起着越来越重要的作用。人们以极大的兴趣和热忱关注着现代远程教育的发展,希望这种非常规教育能给教育的改革注入新的活力,开辟更为广阔的天地。     

关于检察机关提起民事诉讼的几点思考

检察机关能否代表国家提起民事诉讼,我国法律没有明确规定,实践中各地检察机关和人民法院的做法各不相同。立法应尽快明确赋予检察机关代表国家和公共利益提起民事诉讼的权力,精心设置人民法院审理检察机关提起民事诉讼案件的相关程序等问题。     

论远程教育中多媒体教学资源的应用效果

分析和评价了我国现代远程教育多媒体教学资源的现状和应用效果,针对多媒体教学资源中存在的问题,提出以学生为中心的理念,对多媒体教学资源进行开发设计;用开放性原则来进一步完善多媒体教学资源的建设;从最优化组合的要求对现有的多媒体教学资源进行整合。     

机载SAR斜侧视成像的高效空变算法

针对机载合成孔径雷达ＳＡＲ斜侧视成像的二维处理特性，采用一种全聚焦的处理方法，它能方便地处理斜侧视ＳＡＲ参考函数的空间变化的特性，并提高计算效率。     

网上超市的区域化战略评析

随着电子商务的蓬勃发展,网上超市在零售业中的地位日益显著,但物流瓶颈仍然是我国目前发展网上超市的最大问题.作者从战略的角度,以物流范围大小为主要区别特征将众多网上超市的经营战略划分全程战略和区域战略模式,对两类战略进行了区域、物流、经营范围和成本、消费兼容性、促销等方面的优劣分析,认为区域化战略是突破物流瓶颈,发展我国网上超市的有效途径.     

后迟滞型风险沟通及其精准治理

随着“外部风险”被“人为风险”替代和主导,西方发达国家积极推动传统风险沟通向现代风险沟通转变。后发国家在全球化风险和本地化风险双重冲击下,呈现出迟滞型风险沟通。我国互联网新媒体浪涌式发展,催化了风险沟通主体与互联网新媒体手段产生“粘合”及“轮推作用”,迟滞型风险沟通由此向后迟滞型风险沟通嬗变。透过转基因食品风险辩论案例交互机制,发现后迟滞型风险沟通存在“局部性突破”和“局部性落差”双重不确定性效果。为此,可通过主动预防型理念、“共同体”结构、“多速整合”机制、“互联网+”手段、政府职能的“五位一体”再造,实现对后迟滞型风险沟通不良后果的精准治理。     

Shannon Information Properties of the Endpoints of Record Coverage

This paper addresses the largest and the smallest observations, at the times when a new record of either kind (upper or lower) occurs, which are it called the current upper and lower record, respectively. We examine the entropy properties of these statistics, especially the difference between entropy of upper and lower bounds of record coverage. The results are presented for some common parametric families of distributions. Several upper and lower bounds, in terms of the entropy of parent distribution, for the entropy of current records are obtained. It is shown that mutual information, as well as Kullback–Leibler distance between the endpoints of record coverage, Kullback–Leibler distance between data distribution, and current records, are all distribution-free.     

Pseudo New Modified Latin Square (NML m (m)) Type PBIB Designs

A New Modified Latin square [NML _i (m)] association scheme with i constraints for v = m ² treatments was introduced by Garg (2008 Garg , D. K. ( 2008 ). New modified Latin square (NMLi) type PBIB designs . J. Math. Syst. Sci. 1 ( 4 ): 83 – 89 . [Google Scholar]). In this article, a new association scheme known as Pseudo New Modified Latin square [Pseudo NML _m (m)] type association scheme is defined. The parameters of Pseudo NML _m (m) association scheme turned out to be parameters of NML _i (m) association scheme by taking i = m in NML _i (m) association scheme. The Pseudo NML _m (m) association scheme will be the usual NML _m (m) association scheme when m is a prime or a prime power. The PBIB designs following Pseudo NML _m (m) association scheme will be called the Pseudo NML _m (m) type PBIB designs. Analysis of Pseudo NML _m (m) designs along with a construction method of these designs is also given in this article.