论公共政策执行变异的成因与对策

公共政策执行在政策过程中具有十分重要的意义。然而由于多方面的原因,当前政策执行中出现了诸多变异行为,严重影响了公共政策目标的实现。因此,必须积极采取措施,治理公共政策执行中的变异行为。     

我国货币政策失效的原因分析及对策

1997年以来,我国的货币政策在经济增长中起到了一定的作用,但也存在一些失效,主要表现在利率机制、准备金政策、公开市场业务等方面存在缺陷。因此,必须不断完善我国的货币政策,以便更好地为经济增长提供政策指导。     

中、日、韩私立高等教育政策比较

《中华人民共和国民办教育促进法》的颁布 ,为我国形成以政府办学为主体 ,公办教育与民办教育共同发展的格局提供了法律依据。中、日、韩的文化、政治、经济背景不同 ,发展教育的政策也不相同。国家政策的扶持 ,促使日本、韩国成为世界上私立高等教育十分发达的国家 ,而我国相应的政策尚显薄弱。目前 ,世界各国都在探索发展高等教育的新思路。日本、韩国是我国的近邻 ,它们的做法 ,或许对我国民办高等教育的发展有所启示。     

ELICITING A DIRECTED ACYCLIC GRAPH FOR A MULTIVARIATE TIME SERIES OF VEHICLE COUNTS IN A TRAFFIC NETWORK

The problem of modelling multivariate time series of vehicle counts in traffic networks is considered. It is proposed to use a model called the linear multiregression dynamic model (LMDM). The LMDM is a multivariate Bayesian dynamic model which uses any conditional independence and causal structure across the time series to break down the complex multivariate model into simpler univariate dynamic linear models. The conditional independence and causal structure in the time series can be represented by a directed acyclic graph (DAG). The DAG not only gives a useful pictorial representation of the multivariate structure, but it is also used to build the LMDM. Therefore, eliciting a DAG which gives a realistic representation of the series is a crucial part of the modelling process. A DAG is elicited for the multivariate time series of hourly vehicle counts at the junction of three major roads in the UK. A flow diagram is introduced to give a pictorial representation of the possible vehicle routes through the network. It is shown how this flow diagram, together with a map of the network, can suggest a DAG for the time series suitable for use with an LMDM.     

A qualitative comparative analysis of strategies for an ageing society, with special reference to pension and employment policies

The primary purpose of this study is to typify the respondent strategies of the OECD countries based on the interconnected structure of income and employment guarantees. More specifically, this article seeks to typify welfare policies into four types (welfare-to-work, welfare emphasis, labour emphasis, market emphasis) based on the leniency of the pension system and active state intervention in employment security. With the resultant four types, this article then places them as the dependent variable while incorporating per capita GDP, aged dependency ratio, pension maturity level, union density, constitutional structure index and degree of decommodification as causal variables. Through this process, this article aims to derive the decisive variable for each type through qualitative comparative analysis.     

The Contribution of NPOs to Family Policy Formulation in EU Member and Applicant States

This paper examines the role of nonprofit organizations (NPOs) in the process of family policy formulation in eight member states and three applicant states of the European Union. Drawing upon interviews with representatives from the nonprofit sector, the author argues that the experiences of NPOs in family policy-making vary considerably between countries because of the way state–nonprofit relations operate. Social origins theory illustrates why these variations exist by pointing to broad societal influences on the nonprofit sector, but new empirical evidence presented here suggests that, in a particular policy field, other factors, such as the significance of the field on policy agendas, the strength of one particular organization in a specific cultural context, party ideology, and financial viability of the NPO, shape the role of organizations in the formulation of policies     

经济系统的演化与政策作用

该文根据耗散结构的基本原理 ,将经济系统划分为平衡态、过渡态和自组织状态。并将政策因素看成是一种外部调控手段 ,分析了在经济系统的不同状态下 ,政策因素对改变系统的结构及变化趋势所起的不同作用     

政策环境与人才培养——以焦作市30家企事业单位的调查为例

以焦作市三十家企事业单位的调查资料为基础,详细论证了政府政策、企业政策与人才管理的关系,对目前突出的人才管理和发展问题提出了针对性的建议和对策,如优化政策生态环境,转变思想观念,加强人才市场配置和员工培训,建立充分有效的激励机制等等,以期为中部崛起提供政策环境方面的理论支持。     

发展中国票据市场的必要性及对策

指出票据市场作为我国企业短期融资的重要渠道和解决企业三角债的有效途径,是商业银行优化资产结构和中央银行实施货币政策的重要场所,具有存在的必要性。分析了票据市场中融资规模尚小、票据工具单一、社会信用基础薄弱及市场发展不配套等主要问题。针对这些问题从票据工具、风险防范手段以及市场竞争力三方面提出了发展建议,以促进我国票据市场的不断完善,满足我国经济发展的需要。     

镇江市在沿江开发中的区域优势及策略

在长江三角洲新一轮的沿江开发中,镇江具有明显的区位优势和资源优势。应制定科学的沿江开发规划,实施扬长避短、错位发展战略,区域联动、优势互补策略和可持续发展战略,加速沿江产业带的建设。