再议英语教学中的母语迁移现象

英语教学中母语迁移现象以两种方式存在,一种是正向迁移,另外一种是负向迁移.这两种迁移可以发生在文化、句法、词汇以及语音等诸多方面.本文从上述四个方面深入探讨母语迁移情况,希翼第二语言教学者因势利导,最大限度利用母语正向迁移,尽可能减少其负向迁移,使英语学习达到最佳效果.     

Work of Full‐Time Mothers: Putting Voice to the Relational Theory of Working

The purpose of this qualitative research was to explore the work experience of middle‐class, Korean full‐time mothers in their 50s. Interviews, observations, and photographs were collected from 11 Korean full‐time mothers to understand their work and career experiences. The data were analyzed by a case study qualitative method of inquiry. The themes that emerged from the data were paths to becoming full‐time mothers, multiple working roles from relationships, dialectical characteristics of work, meaning of full‐time mothering, and regrets and internalized biases for full‐time motherhood. The findings illustrate how full‐time mothers experience a sense of meaning and mattering from their work; how relationships and work are intertwined in their lives; and how gender, social class, and culture influence the work and relationships of full‐time mothers. Implications for counselors and researchers are discussed.     

UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF THE MOTHER-CHILD RELATIONSHIP ON SEX WORKERS’ DECISION TO ENTER AND LEAVE THE STREETS – LESSONS FOR SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE

This paper focuses on ‘streetwalkers’ and ‘street sex workers’ who are unlicensed sex workers not belonging to a brothel and subject to criminalization. They often face great stigmatization and are usually considered victims by service providers. Five Singaporean ex-streetwalkers (n = 5), who had left the streets for at least six months and were currently receiving or had previously received skills training at a social service agency, participated in this study. Using an agentic framework and social relational theory principles, this qualitative study explored the impact of streetwalkers’ relationship with their children on their decision to enter and leave the streets and reasons for their successful help-seeking experiences. Findings revealed them to be agents who actively used strategies to meet their goals and to sustain close relationships with their children. The mother–child relationship context was a key influence on their decision to enter and/or leave the streets. Social work practice implications include tailoring service delivery to tap into their agentic capacities and identity as mothers; research and training in provision of proactive social services in a non-judgmental manner to preserve the dignity of these women while meeting both their own and their children’s needs.     

《闺阁记》《金锁记》中母亲形象之比较

赛珍珠、张爱玲笔下的母亲都有自私、利己性的一面。但由于赛珍珠思想中的人道主义和宗教精神,使她以爱为良剂,最终赋予了母亲崇高的精神境界。而张爱玲对中国传统文化和西方文明的双重失望,使她根本就不相信母爱的存在。她认为对母爱的提倡说明了“母性”一方面是男权社会为女性设置的角色定位,另一方面,是处于边缘地位的女性对男性话语的无可奈何的认同,充分表明了“母爱”的虚妄性。     

大学外语教学中母语的作用

“直接法”、“交际法”等教学法有助于解决在中国学生中广泛存在的“哑巴”英语问题，但也产生了一些弊端，在外语教学中适当利用母语有助于克服这些问题，对外语教学能够起到积极的促进作用。首先，把母语和外语进行对比，使学生对外语的理解更透彻，更深刻。其次，学生的外语基础良莠不齐，在大学的外语教学中适当的使用母语可以起到兼顾较差学生的作用。第三，外语教学中，教师在讲解抽象的语法概念或词义时，适当利用母语可起到事半功倍的效果。另外，对于大学生来讲，翻译能力也是英语学习中很重要的一个方面。在教学中适当使用母语，能够提高学生在外语和母语之间转换的能力，从而提高他们的翻译能力。     

北魏末年灵胡太后述论

北魏末年的灵胡太后临朝称制，宣告终结“立子杀母”制，她依靠汉化的宗室贵族，平息羽林、虎贲之乱，实行新的选举方法，稳定了政局，但她后期私欲极度膨胀，信任佞臣，甚至杀害自己的儿子孝明帝，引发了北魏末年政治的一大变局，即尔朱荣占领洛阳和“河阴之变”。     

小说《飘》中“母亲”角色的研究——从女性视角论20世纪文学创作中女性意识的觉醒

母亲的形象是文学创作中永恒的主题。《飘》中一系列个性鲜明的女性形象尤其是她们所扮演的母亲角色的分析来揭示了女性自我意识逐渐衍变的过程，本文通过对有关资料的分析、综合、概括、抽象，应用归纳、演绎、类比等方法，提出20世纪文学创作中女性意识的觉醒这一问题，旨在对研究该书在推动三四十年代女性觉醒和解放运动中的地位起到启发作用。     

Infants’ Style of Emotion Regulation with Their Mothers and Fathers: Concordance between Parents and the Contribution of Father–Infant Interaction Quality

The concordance between infants’ emotion regulation styles with different partners has not been consistently analysed nor have the relational correlates of such potential across‐partners similarities. We explored these issues by assessing 10‐month‐olds’ (59.6 percent boys) emotion regulation styles separately with mother and father and by evaluating mother–infant and father–infant interaction quality. The sample consisted of 50 low‐risk families. Two home visits were conducted and similar procedures were adopted for each visit. Parent–infant interaction quality was assessed during daily routines and during free play; both parents independently completed a temperament questionnaire. Infant emotion regulation was assessed in a semi‐structured problem‐solving task: adaptive vs. maladaptive (under and over‐regulation) styles. As predicted, infants’ emotion regulation with their mothers and fathers were related. However, only father–infant interaction quality predicted infants’ emotion regulation concordance: lower interaction quality was associated with maladaptive concordance compared with non‐concordance and higher interaction quality was associated with adaptive concordance compared with non‐concordance. Our results support the claim that by the end of the first year of life, infants use similar emotion regulation styles with mother and father and point to father–infant interaction as an important correlate of emotion regulation across‐parents.     

小原国芳的母教思想及启示

小原国芳是日本近现代全人教育理论家,他十分关注女子教育,提出了系统的母教思想。文章对其母教思想做了介绍,并阐述了给我们的启示。     

民族文化精神的延展与维系——台湾文学中的母亲意象和母爱情感的书写

台湾作为中国的一个重要组成部分,有着特殊的历史境遇,深爱中华文明并深受中华民族文化精神熏陶的台湾作家满怀深情地塑造着祖国母亲的文学意象,尽情地讴歌和赞美母爱情感,展示母亲在抚育儿童的过程中传递着中华民族的传统美德和优秀文化,维系和延展着中华民族的文化精神。