A New delay control method for real-time flows

This paper presents a novel control algorithm to decrease the worst-case delay bound for high rate homogeneous and heterogeneous real-time flows when the network traffic load becomes heavy. The algorithm is adaptive based on the instantaneous network situations. It employs a generalized form of traditional (σ,ρ) regulator called the generalized (σ,ρ,λ) regulator that operates like the (σ,ρ) regulator under the normal network traffic load situation, but provides more regulations for the heavy network traffic load situation. For a set of real-time flows, we can show that D _rg ≤D _g where D _rg and D _g are the worst-case delay bounds with the (σ,ρ,λ) regulator and the (σ,ρ) regulator respectively. More specifically, we have developed a set of formulas to set the parameters for the new regulator so as to reduce the worst-case delay bounds for the real-time flows. We can prove that there exists a threshold input rate ρ^* such that D _rg = D _g for ρ≤ρ^* and D _rg < D _g for ρ > ρ^*. When the average input rate of real-time flows is very high, the generalized regulator can effectively control the delay. The extensive experiment data match our theoretical results. The part of this paper has been appeared in The 23 ^rd IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, 2003. The work is supported by CityU strategic grant Nos: 7001777 and 7001709 and CityU ARP Project No. 9610027. H. Wang was partially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (10471088, 60572126) and CityU strategic grant no. 7001709. Wanqing Tu is now with Department of Computer Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Clear Water Bay, New Territories, Kowloon, Hong Kong.     

机器人CO2焊接视觉跟踪实时控制研究

本文在对采用ＣＣＤ摄象机正面拍摄焊接区图象并用微机进行图象处理，以及对视觉跟踪采用实时控制的必要性分析的基础上，通过实验建立了一个实用的机器人ＣＯ_２保护焊自适应控制系统。试验表明该系统能成功地避开焊接时短路过渡的干扰，获得满意的焊接区图象，满足机器人弧焊实时控制的要求．     

企业内部控制系统可控性原理应用初探

本文首先讨论了企业内部控制研究及实务存在的问题 ,然后 ,根据可控性原理 ,分析企业在制定内部控制制度时应注意的问题     

The Role of Rehearsal in Joint Control

Behavior analysts have offered accounts of the behavior involved in matching to sample and delayed matching to sample. But until recently have not offered a behavioral analysis of generalized matching-to-sample. The concept of joint control, however, seems especially suited to such an analysis The present study used a joint-control procedure to train five adult women to acquire a generalized sequencing behavior using an unfamiliar language. After joint-control training the participants were able to produce untrained picture sequences, and blocking the mediating response during the sequencing task resulted in a reduction in the number of accurate sequences. These results clearly support response mediation as a precurrent to various kinds of complex human behavior.     

论建设项目的前期造价控制

分析了工程建设前期造价控制的必要性，提出了在建设前期控制工程造价的有效途径和措施．     

Control, stress, and job satisfaction in Canadian nurses

The main effects of four domains of control (task, decision, resource, physical environment) on job satisfaction and their interactions with three types of job stressors (task demands, role conflict, interpersonal conflict) were examined in a sample of 765 Canadian nurses. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine the proportion of variance in job satisfaction that could be accounted for by job stressors, control, and the interaction of stressors and control in that order. The job stressors were analysed separately and as a composite job demands score, as were the four domains of control. The results indicated that the proportion of variance in job satisfaction increased with the addition of control for the composite scores and for task, resource, and physical environment control. However, decision control did not account for additional variance in job satisfaction above that for any of the job stressors. In addition, none of the stressor x control interactions were significant. The results support previous attempts to test the moderating effects of control, suggesting that perceived control is not a moderator of job stress but rather that it has a direct influence. The relevance of the different domains of control for nurses is discussed.     

Collective violence as social control

Collective violence is often social control: self-help by a group. It typically defines and responds to conduct as deviant. When unilateral and nongovernmental, it appears in four major forms—lynching, rioting, vigilantism, and terrorism—each distinguished by its system of liability (individual or collective) and degree of organization (higher or lower). Following Donald Black's paradigm of pure sociology, the central assumption is that collective violence varies with its location and direction in social space—the conflict structure. I offer ten propositions that predict and explain the likelihood and severity of collective violence in general and the four forms of collective violence in particular. Conflict structures with a high degree of relational distance, cultural distance, functional independence, and inequality between the adversaries are associated with collective violence in general. Each of the four forms depends on the degree of social polarization between the parties as well as the continuity of the deviant behavior to which the violence responds. Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, August 1992, and the Centennial Congress of the International Institute of Sociology, University of Paris (Sorbonne), Paris, June 1993.     

Structural Characteristics of Video Lotteries: Effects of a Stopping Device on Illusion of Control and Gambling Persistence

Two studies investigated the effects of a video lottery terminal stopping device on gamblers thoughts and behavior. This structural characteristic allows players to voluntarily stop the spinning of the reels. The first study investigated the effect of this device on the development of illusions of control. It was predicted that players using the stopping device would believe that (1) symbols displayed could differ depending on when the game is stopped, (2) there is a possibility of controlling the outcome of the game, (3) skills may be a factor influencing the results, and finally (4) a stopping device would improve the probability of personal success (i.e., developing the illusion of control). The second study aimed to further evaluate the effects of the stopping device on gambling behavior. It was hypothesised that using the stopping device would encourage players to increase the number of games played in a session. Results confirmed all predictions and showed that offering a stopping device on video lottery terminals modifies gamblers cognition and behavior. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed in the context of responsible gambling policies.     

早年赫哲族农业经济发展的制约因素

清朝政府鼓励赫哲族从事农业生产,曾给予各种优惠条件来发展农业种植,但是早年的赫哲族农业经济却始终没有发展起来,仍旧固守"夏捕鱼为粮,冬捕貂为仓"这种传统的渔猎业。终究原因可见:早年的赫哲族社会农业经济具有诸多包括主观和客观在内的因素制约着该民族农业经济的进一步发展。