China's tobacco industry's communication practices: Paradoxes and proposals for public policymaking

The People's Republic of China's expanding tobacco-control efforts call for additional, urgent government action on two major fronts: (a) conducting comprehensive health-communication campaigns on the clinical and economic effects of tobacco use; and (b) requiring major policy changes in the (structural and administrative) relationships between the State Tobacco Monopoly Administration (STMA) and the industry at large, that is, primarily, the China National Tobacco Company (CNTC). China's signing (in 2003) and ratifying (in 2005) the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) place it in a position to adopt some of the anti-smoking measures common in some developed nations. Even though the country's tobacco industry acknowledges publicly health concerns over its products, it engages in communication practices that are paradoxical, in that they circumvent public-health initiatives and the expanding regulatory regimes of product-risk reduction even as the government promotes tobacco use. That paradox calls for three public-policymaking proposals: to conduct more comprehensive, nationwide health-communication campaigns; to use legislation to reduce tobacco use; and to restructure the tobacco industry.     

Staging language: An introduction to the sociolinguistics of performance

Staged performance involves the overt, scheduled identification and elevation of one or more people to perform, with a clearly demarcated distinction between them and the audience. It involves the agentive use of language, building on the foundation of existing social meanings. Staged performances tend to be linguistically stylized, pushing the limits of language creativity. They have the potential to trigger significant sociolinguistic effects, circulating novel forms and contributing to language change. The paradigms used in this theme issue for approaching language performance include Bakhtin's notion of Stylization, Bell's Audience and Referee Design, Silverstein's Indexicality, Agha's Enregisterment, and Bauman's construct of Discursive Culture. Themes that run through the articles include: a concept of identity that is part product, part process; the centrality of the audience; the reflexivity of staged performance; and the importance of non‐linguistic modalities such as music and appearance. The language analysis in this collection of papers concentrates mainly on phonological features of varieties of English, finding instances of selectivity, mis‐realization, overshoot and undershoot in their performances of a range of targeted dialects.     

大学教育体制下感官控制论对英文主持能力的影响

大学生英文主持能力是通识教育体制和实用主义教育下提倡的一种语言技能,提高大学生一定的英文主持能力是培养高素质实用人才的一个重要方面。对学习者而言,如何正确自如地使用英文以达到巧妙的言语产出并非易事。因为言语的现场生成是一个复杂的认知思维和感觉心理现象,这就为感官控制论提供了可靠的依据。根据研究得知,感知控制可以从控制口语焦虑、培养主持语智和激发言语动机3个不同的角度对大学生英文主持能力的培养起到行之有效的作用。     

高校科研经费内部控制制度的财务探讨

高校科研经费管理是高校财务管理的一项重要内容,在高校科研经费增加、来源增多的情况下,一些学校在科研经费管理中出现了制度不健全、职责与权限不明、管理监督力度不够等问题。为了解决这些问题,应从健全制度、明确管理职权、加大日常管理与监督等方面加强科研经费的财务管理,达到提高科研经费的使用效益,确保科研工作健康发展的目的。     

美国公司背景下的律师—委托人特免权适用标准研究

为了促进委托人和律师充分且深入地交流一切案件信息,委托人与律师之间的交流内容受到律师—委托人特免权的保护。由公司享有的律师—委托人特免权的适用标准存在很大争议。由公司享有的律师—委托人特免权的适用标准存在普遍适用标准、控制群体标准、事项标准以及其他标准。事项标准与控制群体标准相比扩大了受律师—委托人特免权保护的员工的范围。美国联邦最高法院通过厄普约翰案对由公司享有的律师—委托人特免权的适用标准作出了判决。厄普约翰案为由公司享有适用律师—委托人特免权奠定了基础,但是该判决并未彻底解决适用标准存在的争议。     

行政事业单位完善内部控制的探讨

内部控制理论是现代管理理论的重要组成部分。我国内部控制规范的制定和实施起步较晚,目前还缺乏一套对行政事业单位行之有效的内部控制指导性规范。随着事业单位体制改革的推进,建立完善高效的内部控制制度变得更加迫切。通过分析行政事业单位内部控制存在的问题,列举了实施内部控制的七项措施,为这类单位内部控制制度的建立提供参考。     

新型纸箱包装机PLC控制系统设计

基于已设计的机械及气动系统,选择欧姆龙公司CP1HX40DTD PLC研制纸箱包装机控制系统。并进行了I/O点分配、PLC外部接线图及程序控制流程图设计,实现了纸板供送、待装箱产品输送、纸箱装箱成形、喷胶封箱整形等工作过程的自动控制。[HTK]具有很高的可靠性和性价比。     

三点渐进式无模成形分析与数值模拟

渐进成形是一种金属板材快速无模成形方法。工具头挤压板材产生连续的局部变形,通过累积局部变形以达到整体成形。然而每一局部变形必然影响整体变形,所以对局部变形的控制就成为成形精度的关键。文章提出一种3点渐进式无模成形方法,可以很好的控制的局部变形。通过LS-DYNA模拟整个成形过程,并通过分析节点在成形过程中的位移变化,可以看出此方法对局部变形的控制效果,提高了成形精度。     

水下现浇模袋混凝土施工质量控制

在某预制场造船基地改造工程中,船舶下水滑道采用了水下现浇模袋混凝土的施工工艺。船舶下水方式为气囊滚动式下水。为保证船舶顺利下水,滑道的坡度及平整度是工程施工的控制重点。在以往的工程中,水下现浇模袋混凝土主要应用于护坡工程,对坡度及平整度的要求低于船舶下水滑道。针对水下现浇模袋混凝土和船舶下水滑道的特点,此工程在基床整平、模袋加工、模袋铺设和混凝土工程等方面进行了严格的施工质量控制,对施工细节进行了把握,取得了良好的效果。     

浅议广东省突发群体性事件的法律控制

通过对广东省控制突发群体性事件的法律制度的研究,探讨了如何通过法律途径控制突发性群体性事件问题。