挪用公款归个人使用的界定

挪用公款归个人使用在本质上是指国家工作人员基于个人意志,为了个人目的和个人利益而非法支配公款。这里的“个人”是指作为挪用人的国家工作人员本人,而不是指实际使用公款的人。实际使用公款的人可以是个人,也可以是单位。因职务内容的不同,国家工作人员构成挪用公款归个人使用的情形也不同。在一定条件下,挪用公款归个人使用的行为也会附着在单位行为身上伴随单位行为而发生,但不能因此认为单位行为也会构成挪用公款罪。     

论英语多词动词的特性

多词动词是英语中一种特殊的词类。在词汇、语法、语义等方面 ,它具有独特的语言特征。这些特征包括多词性、整体性、多义性、可分性和转类性     

Specialist police units and the joint investigation of child abuse

The last ten years have witnessed a significant shift in the police response to investigations of child abuse. One of the most ‘visible’ manifestations of this shift has been the establishment of specialist units where children can be interviewed, medical examinations conducted and, in some cases, overnight accommodation made available to children and their non-abusive carers. The history of these units in Scotland is summarized in this article, together with a brief outline of their remit and some of the current issues facing them. A closer examination of the way in which Scottish units have responded to the issue of joint child abuse investigations with social workers is made, drawing on evidence from research conducted in Scotland.     

The Changing Valuation of Dogs1

In recent decades, the United States has witnessed profound changes in the sociocultural valuation of dogs, variously described as humanization, sentimentalization, or sacralization. A broad look at this “sacralization” of dogs in the United States reveals that this changing valuation has altered dogs’ place within economic processes. In particular, these changes parallel Viviana Zelizer’s work on the changing valuation of children a century ago. In this article, we further specify Zelizer’s insights by arguing that these accompanying economic transformations are best understood as shifting of a dogs’ place within budgetary units: from objects for human consumption to fellow actors humans consume with and around.     

抗日根据地基层政权干部流动论析——以阜平县为中心的考察

基层政权干部作为抗日根据地政权干部队伍的基石,其流动呈现出复杂的面相,主要包括向上、向下、跨系统、域外四种流动方式。每种流动方式各有相对特殊的因素、路径、规模和效应,在整体反映中共政权干部政策取向和运行实态的同时,也一定程度上受到干部个体的选择性影响。阜平县作为模范抗日根据地的模范县,中共政权的稳固性使基层政权干部的流动呈现出比较完整的形态,也因此具有了个案研究的意义。     

Exploring the stability of communication network metrics in a dynamic nursing context

Network stability is of increasing interest to researchers as they try to understand the dynamic processes by which social networks form and evolve. Because hospital patient care units (PCUs) need flexibility to adapt to environmental changes (Vardaman et al., 2012), their networks are unlikely to be uniformly stable and will evolve over time. This study aimed to identify a metric (or set of metrics) sufficiently stable to apply to PCU staff information sharing and advice seeking communication networks over time. Using Coefficient of Variation, we assessed both Across Time Stability (ATS) and Global Stability over four data collection times (Baseline and 1, 4, and 7 months later). When metrics were stable using both methods, we considered them “super stable.” Nine metrics met that criterion (Node Set Size, Average Distance, Clustering Coefficient, Density, Weighted Density, Diffusion, Total Degree Centrality, Betweenness Centrality, and Eigenvector Centrality). Unstable metrics included Hierarchy, Fragmentation, Isolate Count, and Clique Count. We also examined the effect of staff members’ confidence in the information obtained from other staff members. When confidence was high, the “super stable” metrics remained “super stable,” but when low, none of the “super stable” metrics persisted as “super stable.” Our results suggest that nursing units represent what Barker (1968) termed dynamic behavior settings in which, as is typical, multiple nursing staff must constantly adjust to various circumstances, primarily through communication (e.g., discussing patient care or requesting advice on providing patient care), to preserve the functional integrity (i.e., ability to meet patient care goals) of the units, thus producing the observed stability over time of nine network metrics. The observed metric stability provides support for using network analysis to study communication patterns in dynamic behavior settings such as PCUs.     

IT术语翻译一词多译现象及规范化原则探讨——以张美芳教授IT术语翻译三原则为参照

信息技术（简称IT）科学是当前最前沿的科学,而IT术语翻译的规范化也随着其技术的发展而成为必然。文章旨在当今IT术语一词多译现象泛滥的背景下,以张美芳教授IT术语翻译三原则为指导探讨IT术语翻译的规范方法,并通过范例分析初步检验其原则运用于翻译实践的适用性,认为,其原则可以解决或修正IT术语翻译中的部分问题。而IT术语翻译标准的厘定还需相关各方做出更细致的研究。     

Correlation Between Property Units and Governance Units: Based on the Logic of Rural Governance in China

Strong correlations exist between property rights and governance. Such correlations are embodied in and measured through organizational units, and can therefore be examined in depth through such units. The correlation between a property unit and a governance unit is mainly expressed in symmetry: if the symmetry is strong, both perform better; if it is weak, both perform poorly. The symmetry between organizational units is mainly determined and influenced by structural equilibrium, equivalence of levels, suitability of scale, completeness of boundaries, correspondence between functions and rights, and endogeneity of unit construction. Of these six factors, structural equilibrium, equivalence of levels and suitability of scale are determining factors; completeness of boundaries and correspondence between functions and rights are influencing factors derived from the former three and playing important roles in certain cases; and endogeneity of unit construction is an external conditional influencing factor. The separate or combined effects of these six factors impact upon and determine the symmetry among units, and thus influence property rights, governance performance and developmental modes.     

Optimum points of stratification for two or more stage designs

In this paper, an attempt is made to obtain optimum points of stratification for two or more stage designs with equal p.s.u.'s and the subsequent units. Stratification on the auxiliary variable when the study variable is closely related to the auxiliary variable has also been obtained. The determination of OPS in these cases have been illustrated with the help of some known specific distributions.     

水平井分段压裂在特低渗透油藏开发中的应用

基于樊 147 区块特低渗透低砂泥岩薄互层状油藏， 通过数值模拟进行了水平井与直井联合注采井网的优化研究， 确定采用反九点注采井网； 通过渗流特征研究确定了分段压裂水平井的压力分布数学模型； 通过水平井参数的优化研究确定了水平井的轨迹沿着主力油层中部。根据油藏高压异常的特点， 采用井口带有防喷器的连续油管喷砂射孔、 分段加砂压裂技术。根据实际效果分析， 水平井分段压裂产能是相邻直井的 3 倍， 稳定日产油 15 t 左右， 递减比直井慢， 一口水平井投资是直井的两倍， 因此提高了经济效益。体现了水平井分段压裂技术开发低丰度油藏的优势和前景。