Child Poverty in Rural China: Multidimensional Perspective

This paper describes a pilot study on child multidimensional poverty in rural China by introducing the Alkire–Foster method based on survey data collected from five provinces/autonomous regions. Results showed that the headcount ratio of child multidimensional poverty was 14.29%. On average, multidimensionally poor children were deprived in 37.62% of all the dimensions, and their adjusted headcount ratio (multidimensional poverty) index was 0.054. Health was the most deprived dimension, followed by the subsistence and participation dimensions. Disabled children, children influenced by HIV/AIDS, and ethnic minority children were severely deprived. This study not only adds to the current literature on child poverty in China, but also provides policy suggestions for future action plans.     

《呼兰河传》与《城南旧事》在女童视角中的比较研究

萧红的《呼兰河传》和林海音的《城南旧事》是两部采用女童视角的自传体小说。在女性视角和儿童视角的融合中,萧红更多地介入了成人化的思想,使得其视角缺少像《城南旧事》中的成长感,这也同时让《呼兰河传》的视角更为静态,更为客观。而同样是视角的变迁,萧红在作品中采用的是多视角合一的手法,林海音则选择了单一视角的视点转换来实现。通过女性话语、女性意识的融入,两位作家在作品中营造出了不同的“阴性”空间。     

上海多性伴性行为现状及其影响因素研究

本文利用上海市的调查数据,首先考察了上海市多性伴性行为的性别差异,接着从阶层归属、家庭亲属生活、性爱生活和性别规范四个层面对多性伴性行为的影响因素进行理论建构。研究结果表明：在多性伴性行为中,“生理需要论”并不起作用;“资本运作”和“环境影响”取代“阶层归属”发挥显性作用;“婚内感情论”具有一定合理性但也存在时效性,“头两年之痒”和“七年之痒”并存;“越轨”性行为具有连贯性;性别规范通过中间变量（两性在社会、家庭和性领域的角色扮演）间接影响两性的性活动方式。因此,我们需要以社会性别视角鉴别女性“性革命”成功与否,思考女性在性地位上是真正解放还是重新被奴役。     

The Optimal Income Taxation of Couples

This paper analyzes the general nonlinear optimal income tax for couples, a multidimensional screening problem. Each couple consists of a primary earner who always participates in the labor market, but makes an hours‐of‐work choice, and a secondary earner who chooses whether or not to work. If second‐earner participation is a signal of the couple being better (worse) off, we prove that optimal tax schemes display a positive tax (subsidy) on secondary earnings and that the tax (subsidy) on secondary earnings decreases with primary earnings and converges to zero asymptotically. We present calibrated microsimulations for the United Kingdom showing that decreasing tax rates on secondary earnings is quantitatively significant and consistent with actual income tax and transfer programs.     

高等教育教学信息化条件下的多方互动教学模式研究

通过对大众化阶段高等教育的教学信息化建设和教学质量现状进行调研,分析了教学质量的内涵,指出教学质量由"教"和"学"两种活动的质量组成。提高教学质量,需要提高"教"和"学"这两种活动的质量。在此背景下,探讨一种基于教学信息化的多方参与的互动教学模式———在教学管理部门(教务处)的管理和监督下的教师与学生的基于课程的互动教学。这种互动教学模式,借助于网络和相关技术,给教师和学生提供一个双向交流环境,改变了传统教学中从教师("信源")到学生("信宿")的"单工"通信模式,实现教师和学生的"双工"通信,是利用教学信息化提高"教"和"学"质量的一种有效的手段。同时,这种互动交互需要在教学管理部门的协助下进行,互动交流的数据也为教务部门提供了第一手的教学统计数据,有助于制定有关政策以促进教学质量。     

设计管理在设计艺术教育中的探析

21世纪以来,设计全方位地影响着人们的生活,并逐步提升着生活质量,设计也由此成为崭新的文化现象。因此,设计教育在高校也呈雨后春笋。在国外,将设计管理纳入设计艺术教育已是先行之举。而我国对此研究起步较晚,深入与推广程度存在差距。现就设计管理与设计教学展开探析,系统构建课程框架,从设计学、管理学、创新学的多元化视角,对＂设计管理学＂的内容、方法和终极目标进行分析,将结果作为确立＂设计管理学＂概念的依据,并阐明设计管理的多学科性和交叉性,以推进＂设计管理学＂在设计艺术教学中的研究进程。     

创业研究视角及主要变量：综述与展望

创业是一个多维度现象,跨越了多个学科边界,每一学科以自己独特的方式审视创业,得出各自的观点与结论.在综述文献的基础上,文章认为创业现象是个体、机会、资源三者的联结.机会的识别与利用、资源的获取与组合是创业现象的两个本质过程.既具内在特质又嵌入于社会结构中的创业者是这两个过程得以实现的驱动者.文章围绕个体、机会和资源综述了引用率较高的创业研究文献,尝试勾勒创业研究的轮廓,并揭示出主要的研究变量.     

‘Making Pies’—A Way of Exploring Pupils’ Views on Curriculum Innovation

This article examines the use of focus groups (FGs) as a way of gathering pupils’ views on the implementation of new curricula. We provide illustrations of creative activities, which were especially designed for a case‐study research project exploring the views of 11‐year‐old pupils in English schools adopting an innovative approach to the Year 7 curriculum. We argue that combining FGs with creative methods encourages pupils to take an active role in interviews, enriches the quality of the data being collected and enhances the place of FGs as important tools in eliciting pupils’ voices for both research and curriculum planning purposes.     

A Challenge for Social Studies Educators: Teaching about Islam,Jihād,and Shari’ah Law

In this article, the author investigates the controversial curricular and instructional aspects of teaching about Islam in social studies courses. Specifically, the author discusses pedagogically sound approaches to teaching about jihād and Shari’ah law, two of the most important and controversial concepts in Islam that often generate intense debates among scholars, policy-makers, social studies teachers, and the general public. It is crucial that social studies teachers present all of the competing and complex definitions regarding jihād and Shari’ah law; this task is exacerbated by passionate disagreements among Islamic scholars, lawyers, and historians over the true nature of these concepts. Many K–12 textbooks omit or distort the multiple interpretations of jihād and Shari’ah law because of political pressures, space limitations, and efforts to avoid controversies inherent in discussing religion. Thus, many students are confused by competing views and ideological perspectives by experts regarding Islam; this situation is untenable, given the importance of Islam in contemporary American politics and international affairs.