Collaborative innovation: the decade that radically changed drilling performance

This article sheds light on key factors associated with innovations that are mainly based on experiential learning. The history of a company engaged in the offshore oil and gas industry exemplifies the points: Hitec started out as a small company with limited financial resources, but over a 10-year period, its innovations and improvements radically transformed offshore oil and gas drilling operations. An evolutionary methodological approach is balanced by theoretically informed analysis. A main finding is that customer–supplier interaction was crucial. Hitec's success, crowned by its eventual acquisition by American capital, can be attributed in part to the know-how and technology provided by one of its suppliers and partners during the early phase. However, it has also depended on a series of other factors: a flexible, motivated and creative organisation; targeting of the right know-how; being part of a cluster and thus enjoying easy access to important customers and suppliers as well as easy, informal flow of ideas and information; developers and entrepreneurs prepared to take risks; being in the right place at the right time; a good measure of luck; the underdeveloped state of American drilling control technology; Norwegian oil and gas policies supportive of domestic technological companies; and proximity to research labs which were conducting full-scale tests of drilling operations. An invention made by regional researchers can also be linked to Hitec's innovation of a drilling control system. The relevance of the article is its contribution to a better understanding of the complexity involved in the implementation of major practice-based innovations – a process which includes identifying and creating ideas; finding a market/customer and putting the ideas into practice.     

Structural and Dynamic Process Family Risk Factors: Consequences for Holistic Adolescent Functioning

This study utilized a dynamic cumulative family risk model to explain changes in adolescent functioning. We used a person‐centered approach to detect patterns of academic, emotional, and behavioral functioning and the stability of these patterns using two waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (N= 10,173). Four adjustment profiles emerged at both time points. Although most (91%) adolescents remained in the same classifications at both waves, some experienced shifts in functioning. Changes in family process risk factors predicted these shifts in adjustment, whereas changes in structural risk factors predicted stable adjustment. We concluded that even short‐term changes in family processes are significant sources of risk for some adolescents.     

基于Linux的高可用集群系统的设计及实现

利用服务器集群技术设计了基于Linux操作系统的高可用集群处理系统,描述了系统模型,介绍了系统设计思想,给出了系统实现。对不同的功能部件分离的设计和实现,有效地减少了系统复杂性,降低了错误检测的难度并充分考虑了应用服务器的多样性、复杂性。测试结果表明,系统能够有效保证服务器的可靠运行和企业核心计算的安全。     

对西部中小企业集群发展的思考

目前世界范围内中小企业的发展明显呈现出集群趋势。我国西部地区经济发展存在的一个突出的问题,就是作为经济发展基础性力量的中小企业发展明显不足。企业集群是西部地区迅速提升区域经济综合竞争力的重要途径。     

西部地区教育区划研究

教育与经济社会的发展有着本质的联系。一定时期教育的发展可能适度超前于经济社会的发展,但更多情况下教育与经济社会的发展具有阶段的一致性。以教育与经济社会发展相协调为出发点,从某一个侧面对西部地区进行教育区域的划分,对于制定区域教育政策,了解区域间教育发展的差异具有一定意义。     

阜新农产品加工业集群投资者满意度分析

通过对收回的72份有效调查问卷的统计和分析,了解到阜新农产品加工业集群化发展中存在着分工不充分难以形成规模经济、创新网络作用不显著、企业间联系不紧密和集群文化缺失四大问题,相应的提出了培育典型集群化发展链条、加大对各结点创新行为的扶持力度、构建多层次、多样式的关联企业交流平台和塑造本地集群文化四方面解决措施。     

港口产业集群对区域经济的带动效应

将产业集群的概念引入港口群中,明确了港口产业集群的定义和内涵,使它成为港口群中所有港口企业及产业的集群。通过介绍中国汽车业和石油业的发展经验,说明可以通过发展港口产业集群实现港口产业的规模化来带动区域经济的发展。并以环渤海区域港口群为例,具体说明港口产业集群如何实现其对区域经济的带动效应。     

改进的共享型最近邻居聚类算法

聚类效果往往依赖于密度和相似度的定义,并且当数据的维增加时,其复杂度也随之增加。该文基于共享型最近邻居聚类算法SNN,提出了一种改进的共享型最近邻居聚类算法RSNN,并将RSNN应用于高速公路交通数据集上,解决了SNN算法在“去噪”、孤立点和代表点的判断、聚类效果等方面的不足之处。实验结果表明,RSNN算法比SNN算法在时空数据集上具有更好的聚类效果。     

产业集群是实现东北老工业基地振兴的必由之路

产业集群具有积聚、竞争、合作和创新等优势,而使越来越多的国家都把产业集群作为推动产业升级,促进企业发展,拉动地方经济增长,解决大企业弊端的战略策略。东北老工业基地要振兴,就必须适应全球背景下的产业发展规律,积极借鉴经济发达国家和地区的成功经验,努力推动和强化产业集群的形成,通过形成产业集群来提高东北地区的区域竞争力。但由于东北地区目前仍存在地方保护主义,没有统一的交易市场,产业集群的形成受到阻碍。因此必须转变观念,牢固树立区域经济一盘棋的思想;打破地区分割,建立东北区域统一的交易市场;加快基础设施建设及产业集群的形成,打造良好的外部环境。使东北老工业基地产业集群的步伐加快,最终通过产业集群的形成发展实现东北老工业基地的振兴。     

A Comparison of High‐ and Low‐Distress Marriages That End in Divorce

We used data from Waves 1 and 2 of the National Survey of Families and Households to study high‐ and low‐distress marriages that end in divorce. A cluster analysis of 509 couples who divorced between waves revealed that about half were in high‐distress relationships and the rest in low‐distress relationships. These 2 groups were not artifacts of the timing of the interview or of measurement error. Irrespective of marital quality, couples who divorced shared many risk characteristics, such as having divorced parents. Individuals in high‐distress marriages reported increases in happiness following divorce, whereas those in low‐distress marriages reported declines in happiness. These results suggest two basic motivations to divorce: poor relationship quality and a weak commitment to marriage.