传统女性的刻板模式与男性审美视角的矛盾——以中国古代姬妾妓娼现象为例

随着封建礼教的强化,中国女性的传统模式不断被刻板化,但刻板化的女性模式却与男性审美视角有很大的矛盾。受人性本能与文化发展的双重影响,男子的审美标准并非刻板统一,他们既喜欢性情温柔、举止有礼的妇女,也爱慕长相美丽、体态窈窕的女子;既欣赏多才多艺、聪慧机敏的女性,也渴求风流妩媚、懂得风情的女人;既希望女性缺少个性以服务于家族需要,又盼望女性具有迷人的魅力以满足自己的心理需求。因为传统女性的刻板模式不能满足男子真正的需求,所以中国古代的男子热衷于纳妾养姬、挟娼嫖妓。     

后现代主义与主客二元论——对高校课堂师生关系的几点思考

后现代主义批判了理性主义、现代主义的一些基本概念和假设。现代主义的主客二元论是后现代主义批判的对象之一。以后现代主义为理论基础,批判了传统高校课堂教学过程中教师传授学生接受的二元对立的师生关系模式,竭力促成师生在一种平等的探讨式的课堂氛围中共同进步,激发学生的学习自主性和积极性。也许后现代主义的某些观点过于偏激,但其积极方面或许对高校教师课堂教学改革有借鉴价值。     

论纳博科夫的流亡意识与纳博科夫研究的多元文化视角

经历了从俄罗斯到欧洲各国及美洲大陆的多年流亡之后,纳博科夫形成了根深蒂固的流亡意识。文章分析了纳博科夫流亡意识的内涵,论证以俄罗斯文化及多元文化视角进行纳博科夫研究的重要性。     

原乡、北进、回溯——作家师陀简论

对于师陀来说,故乡杞县是其创作取之不尽的宝藏,取材于故乡的作品既批判了中原文化的落后,又饱含着深切的眷恋故土之情。北平和上海两个城市亦对他的个人风格和写作策略产生了深远的影响,前者使其文本葆有含蓄蕴藉的审美韵味,后者促使他开始多角度叙述的尝试。     

Vulnerability, violence and (cosmopolitan) ethics: Butler's Precarious Life

This article proposes that Butler's Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence provides a valuable contribution to the sociology of cosmopolitanism on the basis of a perspective which forcefully addresses the new sovereign power of the USA which reneges on the possibilities of cosmopolitanization by means of resurgent nationalism, extra-legal modalities of militarization and incarceration ('the new war prison') and state powers now integrated into normalized practices of everyday governmentality. Butler's Foucauldian approach to power and subjectivity is contrasted with Beck's understanding of self-reflexivity in cosmopolitanized society. Butler's feminist-inspired approach to mourning and grief and her account of vulnerability and violence also encourage a response to recent acts of terrorism and subsequent wars by means of an ethics of non-violence. Drawing on the Levinasian concept of 'the face' Butler explores the obligation posed by 'the face' to refuse violent confrontation. The article suggests a sociological reading of Butler's ethical account which throws light on issues pertinent to the cosmopolitanization thesis, through an interrogation of the relations of power and powerlessness which underlie encounters with otherness.     

从微观视角诊疗外语专业学生的“思辨缺席症”

诸多学者从不同角度对“思辨缺席症”的原因进行诊断,并开出了不同的“处方”,但因为过于注重传统历史文化和学科特点因素,治疗方面更多偏重于从课程、课标、教材、师资等宏观方面的研究,致使研究面过宽,可操作性较弱。从普存性和现代思维的角度来把脉“思辨缺席症”,然后从课堂、教师和学生等微观视角开出“去权威、培质疑、激思辨”的“处方”进行治疗,在大环境难于改变的情况下微调小环境下的教学思维来培养学生的思辨能力,为症状的消除提供了实践性和可操作性。     

Parenting Behaviors and Adolescent Psychosocial Adjustment in China: An Indigenous Perspective

This study considered the measurement properties of two indigenous constructs assessing Chinese parenting and parent–child relationships. The study also examined whether the relationships between guanjiao, xiao, and adolescent psychosocial adjustment, as theorized in previous scholarly work, hold for contemporary families in mainland China. Data were collected from a sample of 144 early adolescents in a southern Chinese city. Results suggested that guanjiao was best represented by two indicators: guan, which assessed parental monitoring, and jiao, which assessed parental teaching and expectations. Moreover, only jiao was associated with adolescent depressive symptoms and misconduct. Xiao appeared to be an important mediator between parenting behaviors and adolescent outcomes and may play a key role in predicting Chinese early adolescents' adjustment.     

Designing a campus support program for foster care alumni: Preliminary evidence for a strengths framework

Campus support programs for foster care alumni (FCA) have emerged in an attempt to improve higher education outcomes for former foster youth. However, these programs have little empirical or theoretical literature to guide their development. We present a case study of a newly developed campus support program for FCA which utilizes a strengths perspective. We analyze quantitative and qualitative data collected before and during the first two years of program operation to explore whether a strengths perspective can be successfully applied to the unique needs of FCA in higher education. Results reveal that the strengths perspective has potential and identifies three areas in which this approach appears to effectively intersect with challenges faced by FCA, a) promoting positive identities as survivors, b) respecting autonomy, and c) mobilizing assets of resilience, perseverance, and community. We discuss the benefits and challenges of helping students address these issues. Our findings also reveal that the strengths perspective is not redundant with traditional higher education retention models, and in the three areas identified, is diametrically opposed to the students' previous experiences with the foster care system.     

’Til Divorce Do Us Part: Marriage Dissolution in Later Life

Late-life divorce—commonly referred to as gray divorce—is a rising trend that parallels the growth of the older adult population. We sought to gain an in-depth understanding of the experience of marriage dissolution, the divorce process, and life following divorce in a sample of older adults who divorced after more than 20 years of marriage. Qualitative data were collected from 10 divorcees (7 women and 3 men; M age = 63.5) and analyzed to understand the gray divorce experience; that is, factors that determined or delayed the decision to divorce and divorcees’ coping during and after divorce. Participants’ stories demonstrate that marriages endure despite problems because relationships are complex, and good experiences mix with bad ones. Outcomes of late-life divorce have significant health and financial implications for both individuals and society.