An Individual Mixed‐Evaluation Method for Career Intervention

Economic issues linked to career counseling are a cause for concern to policy makers in developed countries because they expect career practitioners to provide evidence of the efficiency of career counseling interventions. The aim of this study was to test an individual evaluation method mixing time series (outcomes) and life narrative (processes). The method used 5 items related to 1 client's career decision self‐efficacy and studied the evolution of those items throughout the intervention of 1 career counselor (43 days). Changepoint analysis helped in identifying the changes that have to be taken into account for time series and which are contextualized in the client's verbatim analysis. This mixed method highlighted that the career counselor's intervention increased the client's career decision self‐efficacy. Practitioners could use the methodology proposed in this article to evaluate their interventions. They could also report their practice to clients, employers, and decision makers.     

水平井分段多簇压裂缝间干扰研究

水平井分段多簇压裂在现场得到了广泛运用，其压裂过程中普遍存在缝间干扰现象。缝间干扰有助于形成复 杂裂缝网络以提高储层导流能力，但是也会导致起裂困难，甚至形成砂堵。因此有必要对分段多簇压裂的缝间干扰问 题进行研究。对此，基于弹性力学建立了分析多簇裂缝诱导应力的数学模型，从起裂压力、裂缝宽度、簇间距等多方面 研究了缝间干扰对水平井分段多簇压裂施工的影响。模拟结果显示，诱导应力会导致起裂压力升高、裂缝变窄，严重 时将造成压裂施工失败。通过进行分析，给出了起裂过程及延伸过程中缝间干扰的影响关系。分析认为，利用缝间干 扰提高改造体积时应当控制簇间距防止对压裂施工造成负面影响。研究结论对优化水平井分段多簇压裂设计具有指 导意义。     

An M/G/1 clearing queueing system with setup time and multiple vacations for an unreliable server

This paper studies an M/G/1 clearing queueing system with setup time and multiple vacations, in which all present customers in the system are served simultaneously and breakdowns may occur in busy or setup period. We investigate the stationary distribution of system size and the Laplace–Stieltjes transform of sojourn time. In addition, various performance measures are discussed, such as the mean system size at arbitrary time and the mean length of a vacation circle. Moreover, a cost analysis is carried out for this queueing system. Numerical results are presented to study the sensitivity of the system parameters on the expected cost function and system performances.     

A Narrative Approach to Pregnancy‐related Discrimination and Leader–follower Relationships

This study sheds light on women's perceptions of pregnancy‐related discrimination committed by the discriminated woman's immediate leader. The purpose is to show how women describe this perception during pregnancy and after their return to working life after maternity leave. Further, the study explores the ways in which the quality of the leader–follower relationship is revealed during the narration process. The research draws on five individual stories, collected in two rounds of interviews. Representations of several kinds of discriminatory practices can be found in the narratives and reveal that even being a partner in a good‐quality leader–follower relationship does not necessarily protect a woman from pregnancy‐related discrimination. However, women involved in a high‐quality leader–follower relationship described their perceptions in a more positive manner than those in a low‐quality relationship. The contribution of the article to the literature is twofold: firstly, the results challenge the traditional view that high‐quality leader–member exchange relationships lead to positive outcomes. Secondly, examining the different ways in which people describe their perceptions of discrimination deepens our understanding of the equality problems that working women face.     

国际组织与成员国法律责任多重归属问题研究

国际组织和成员国的法律责任归属问题一直以来都是国际法争论的话题。政府间国际组织作为一类国际法主体,应独立承担法律责任。但在实践中,成员国在执行国际组织决议的过程中往往滥用国际组织法律人格,其行为不仅是国际组织法律人格的体现,还代表了自己的意志,造成法律责任归属不明。以此种争议情形为研究对象,结合1999年的使用武力合法性案,2007年欧洲人权法院的拜拉米案和萨拉马提(Behrami/Saramati)案、阿尔吉达(Al-Jedda)案以及2014年海牙法院关于斯雷布雷尼察(Srebrenica)诉荷兰案的相关判决,借鉴国外学者近几年的相关研究,认为应当坚持国际组织和成员国法律责任的多重归属。围绕责任多重归属原则的确立过程,通过对2011年《国际组织责任条款草案》相关条文的分析,明确了行为归属与责任归属的关系:只有确定行为归属之后,才能确定责任归属;为了最终确定责任的多重归属,提出以有效控制为标准认定行为归属,并明确这种有效控制是对具体行为的事实控制。     

论成品油定价机制中的有限规制：基于合谋的视角

利用单期静态博弈分析法、有限期动态博弈分析法和无限期动态博弈分析法对成品油定价机制中寡头厂商的合谋行为进行了分析。研究发现：两家寡头厂商在合谋条件下的收益均高于双方各自独立定产条件下的收益，因此，双方存在进行价格合谋的利益激励。基于此，我国成品油价格形成机制的改革可以考虑采用有限规制等手段。     

A CHILD PSYCHOTHERAPIST IN PRIMARY MENTAL HEALTH

This paper outlines the author's application of psychodynamic thinking and approaches to brief therapeutic work with children, adolescents and their families in community mental health settings. It is the author's belief that systemic and narrative therapy insights and techniques combine well with psychoanalysis in the assessment and treatment of many concerns felt and expressed by parents and young people. The therapist's tasks are to listen empathically to clients who are in distress and to explore the clients' beliefs about the origins of their problems, as well as their previously attempted solutions. In proceeding at the family's pace, opportunities arise for facilitating more effective ways of resolving conflict. Clients are often more free than they realise to change their interpretation of their experience, and this has important consequences for the maintenance and solution of problems. Brief therapy seeks to remind clients of their strengths and resources and to share ways to encourage clients to resume effective ways of learning about themselves.     

元杂剧曲词叙事性片论

作为诗体的元杂剧曲词,无论就其本身来说,还是就其在舞台表演的功能而言,都是以抒情为主体的。但是,这种非常突出的抒情功能,却是叙事为其根基的。这种叙事根基上的抒情,不仅有着显性叙事与隐性叙事的不同形态,而且有着特殊的文学意义与舞台价值。     

Asymptotically optimal shrinkage estimates for non-normal data

Motivated by several practical issues, we consider the problem of estimating the mean of a p-variate population (not necessarily normal) with unknown finite covariance. A quadratic loss function is used. We give a number of estimators (for the mean) with their loss functions admitting expansions to the order of p ^?1/2 as p→∞. These estimators contain Stein's [Inadmissibility of the usual estimator for the mean of a multivariate normal population, in Proceedings of the Third Berkeley Symposium in Mathematical Statistics and Probability, Vol. 1, J. Neyman, ed., University of California Press, Berkeley, 1956, pp. 197–206] estimate as a particular case and also contain ‘multiple shrinkage’ estimates improving on Stein's estimate. Finally, we perform a simulation study to compare the different estimates.     

透析生活史研究在古德森教师研究中的角色

生活史研究已日渐运用于当代教育研究中。英国教育社会学家艾沃·古德森不仅较早地将其用于课程研究，还更多地用于教师研究。文章考察了古德森不同阶段的教师研究，分析了生活史研究在教师研究中所扮演的角色：为教师生活研究提供研究方法；为在"中间地带"建构理论提供资源；为促成教师"叙事学习"和"叙事教学"场域奠定基础。指出运用生活史研究是古德森教师研究生涯中一以贯之的思想，背后有其对教师深刻的社会关怀。这一思想在其教师研究中扮演着多重角色，对我国教师和教师教育研究者及实践者而言，有诸多借鉴意义。