宁夏新农村信息化建设的基本经验与存在的问题

2007年9月,国家信息化工作办公室将宁夏正式列为全国第一个国家级社会主义新农村信息化工作省域试点,宁夏的农村信息化建设也被列为自治区的”民生工程”;2008年9月,宁夏又被列为全国第一个社会主义新农村信息化省域示范点。但是,宁夏的农村信息化同时也存在着一些问题。本文从研究宁夏新农村信息化的经验入手,深入系统地分析农村信息化发展中存在的问题,对于不断完善宁夏农村信息化工作、推进宁夏新农村建设具有重要现实意义。     

建国初期云南的禁毒斗争及其成功经验

由于建国以前云南所在的西南地区是我国烟毒泛滥最为严重的地区,到建国初期云南烟毒泛滥的情况仍然十分严重,种植、制造、贩运、吸食烟毒活动仍有蔓延之势,严重影响着人民的健康、国民经济的恢复、政权的巩固和社会的安定。新中国成立后,中共云南省委和省人民政府按照中共中央、政务院和中共中央西南局、西南军政委员会的统一部署,积极投入禁毒斗争,最终从源头上堵住了烟毒的泛滥,基本上解决了建国以前云南历届政府均无法解决的烟毒问题,有力地促进了云南的经济发展和社会进步,并积累了丰富的成功经验。     

执政党建设理论的创立与发展

内容提要改革开放以来,党的执政党理论逐步完善,包括邓小平党建理论、江泽民建党思想以及党的十六大以来党的建设理论三个重要部分。这一理论紧密结合中国特色社会主义实践,借鉴世界其他国家执政党建设经验。以改革创新精神不断推进执政党建设理论的进一步发展。     

非物质文化遗产与学术创新

对非物质文化遗产的研究是从活态历史观的角度认识和研究传统文化,这不仅是一种文化考察和遗产保护的方法,同时也为传统人文学术研究的创新提供了新的思路和研究视野。对非物质文化遗产的研究首先是田野工作方法,即把研究工作从文本扩展到文化活动空间,进行文化活动过程的研究;其次是在田野工作基础上的体验,以"了解之同情"的态度深入探索研究对象的精神内蕴。     

在开拓中创新: 英国远程教育的经验与启示

以英国开放大学为标志的英国远程教育在世界上享有很高声誉,30年的办学实践使他们积累了丰富的经验。特别是在编制教材、对学生的支持服务、现代教育技术的应用、远程教学管理等方面有独到之处。中国的远程教育尤其是电大教育应该很好地借鉴英国在远程教育方面的经验,这对于推动我国电大教育的改革和创新有着重要的现实意义。     

Reactions of students to different settings of field experience

The study assessed Israeli students’ emotional–experiential reaction and attitude to different client populations, following a week-long experience in one of five social services settings. The study provides preliminary findings regarding the implications of first year students’ experience on their emphatic skills, a subject that generally has not received adequate scholarly attention. Using a purpose-built, self-administered questionnaire, we found students’ emotional–experiential response to their experience differed by the setting in which they were placed, being lowest in the Bedouin oriented services, intermediate among those placed in juvenile correction services, and highest in mental health, adult and child disability services. Responses were independent of all other explanatory variables, including sex, cognitive ability, previous training experience and perceptual shifts concerning the population served. We discuss possible reasons for these differences.

     

培育公民依法维权意识路径的调查研究

文章通过问卷调查方式,了解我国公民的维权状态,分析影响公民依法维权意识的相关因素,围绕创新维权教育、顺畅维权渠道、引进社会力量、减少维权成本等内容,提出培育公民依法维权意识路径的策略。旨在通过路径培育,最大限度激发公民依法维权意识,指导公民在法治化轨道上积极维权,避免矛盾激化,减少社会不和谐因素,进而推进法治化国家建设进程。     

中国C2C电子商务网站的用户体验

通过学生用户试用在两个不同文化背景下设计出来的C2C电子商务网站——淘宝网和Ebay易趣,并进行初次网上购物体验活动,以及对测试后满意度问卷的分析,结果显示:在用户决定购买的过程中,网站概念/功能的传递和表达对用户的影响最大,它们会影响到用户的初次购买决定;而流程的跳转以及交互行为的不平衡会对用户的购买过程造成影响;对用户初次购物总体评价影响最大的是功能满足。两个网站的系统可用性与界面设计不能决定用户的总体评价,但却会影响到用户对网站的感觉。因此,创建一个对用户有用、好用和想用的购物网站就必须要满足功能、交互以及冲击三个层次的要求。     

Designing for social inclusion of immigrant women: the case of TeaTime

We present our design of a digital service supporting social inclusion among immigrant women in an ethnically and socially diverse neighbourhood of a small Finnish town. The aim is to explore experiences and perceptions as well as potential barriers and challenges for using the web-based service. The case study is framed as design research having a strong user-centred design approach. We describe the design process and present the results of a mixed-method evaluation. The results are scrutinized from the perspectives of experience design. The analysis reveals a potential to facilitate social inclusion through the fulfilment of needs related to relatedness, autonomy, competence, pleasure and stimulations as well as popularity. However, some challenges in the interface design and communication of the security and purpose of the site were identified in the study. Significant differences were also found between immigrant women and local people regarding the need for this digital service.     

Endless Pressure: Life on a Low Income in Austere Times

Much has been written that details the decline in living standards following the ‘credit crunch’ in the UK. It remains that we understand to a lesser degree the lived reality of poverty through the Great Recession and into the era of austerity. This article draws on testimonies of 62 participants from low income households conducted in three different areas of the UK during 2012–13 to document the pressures that this period brought to bear on these households. According to these testimonies, the experience of poverty intensified in key respects: first, participants reported feeling, more than ever before, that they were ‘existing, rather than living’ due to the meagre budgets they were forced to live on; second, the precarious nature of work and social security contributed to a sense of insecurity that was all pervasive in our participants' lives; third, due to the pejorative political rhetoric and media coverage of poverty, our participants felt that their lives were placed under increased scrutiny which deleteriously impacted their wider relationships and sense of belonging. Our analysis demonstrates the profound consequences for those living on low incomes of the continued shift to residual forms of state welfare and the increased reliance on the ‘Big Society’ as a means to deal with the pressures identified in this article.