谈墨子的宗教思想价值

墨子提出的“兼相爱、交相利、非攻、节用”等思想 ,构成了墨家学说的核心。墨子认为“天”是现实社会的最高统治者 ,人必须顺天意才能得天之赏 ,才能达到兴天下之利 ,除天下之害的目的。墨子的宗教思想虽然具有很强的现实功利性 ,也并非墨家学说的主体 ,但却是为其主体学说服务的。探讨其宗教思想价值 ,是研究墨子学说不可回避的问题。     

再论汉日成语互译的原则和方法

成语是一种语言成熟与否的标志之一.中日两种语言有着许多互补性和易互换性,由于这种过于亲密的互借互补因素的存在,给它们之间的互译工作造成了极大的困难.关于汉日成语的互译问题,重点应弄清它们在互译过程中显现出的难译性和不可译性,并找出最理想和有效的翻译原则和方法.对此,首先要对汉日成语的语言形态形成认识,把握其共性;其次,汉日成语互译可粗分为直译型、变形译型、意译型;最后,是不可译问题,因成语自身有着丰富的内涵,部分成语具有不可译性,是进行翻译作业时难以逾越的一大障碍,有待于更深入的研究.     

“居”的考略

"居"不仅是一个现实的问题,更是一个历史的、诗学的问题.本文将"居"的范畴规约、定格在物理和文本意义之上,并对"居"从问题的凸显,历时发育与式微,共时的失明与自反以及诗意地栖居等方面对"居"进行考略,以期当下我们熟悉而又陌生的"居"得以澄明,从"失明"而走向"复明",实现人类诗性栖居的回归.     

Mutual-Fund Benchmarking and Market Bubbles: A Behavioral Approach

Dynamics of equity risk premium is not directly measurable on the market. Numerous studies and empirical research analyse its volatility also considering the time span, concluding that the dynamics of equity risk premium over time is inversely proportional to the economic cycle. This study analyses the passive role that, implicitly, would place institutional investors in such a context. In reality, savings management is delegated to a small number of professional operators (institutional investors), as opposed to pure theoretical models in which every person can act directly on the market thus ensuring unlimited price elasticity. Institutional investors should be rational and completely informed so that they can assume an anticyclical position on the market. Thus, supply and demand should quickly smooth over emerging price pressures and avoid price bubbles. We analyse one possible explanation for this situation not to occur, namely, that professionals suffer from operational limits that prevent them from doing their job in the best possible way. Using empirical evidence from the Italian Stock Exchange (Comit Index), we conclude that three factors reduce the freedom of institutional investors to manage their portfolios – the market target size, the fund structure, and the benchmarking – and discuss some implications for each of them.     

新昆山腔的曲律规范与汤显祖剧作的"失律"

经过魏良辅的改造,新昆山腔具备了“磨调”的唱法和“转喉”的发声技巧,并对曲唱的字声提出了规范要求。而沈璟又在曲谱上对它进行更为苛刘的限定,反使之成为传奇的束缚,限制了剧作家的才情。对唱腔曲牌的“犯律”并不始于汤显祖,只是平仄和押韵的不谐,不方便以吴语为基础的昆腔“转喉”的唱法。因此被吴中文人指责为“失律”。     

Risk Assessment for Carcinogens Under California''s Proposition 65

Risk assessments for carcinogens are being developed through an accelerated process in California as a part of the state's implementation of Proposition 65, the Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act. Estimates of carcinogenic potency made by the California Department of Health Services (CDHS) are generally similar to estimates made by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The largest differences are due to EPA's use of the maximum likelihood estimate instead of CDHS' use of the upper 95% confidence bounds on potencies derived from human data and to procedures used to correct for studies of short duration or with early mortality. Numerical limits derived from these potency estimates constitute "no significant risk" levels, which govern exemption from Proposition 65's discharge prohibition and warning requirements. Under Proposition 65 regulations, lifetime cancer risks less than 10(-5) are not significant and cumulative intake is not considered. Following these regulations, numerical limits for a number of Proposition 65 carcinogens that are applicable to the control of toxic discharges are less stringent than limits under existing federal water pollution control laws. Thus, existing federal limits will become the Proposition 65 levels for discharge. Chemicals currently not covered by federal and state controls will eventually be subject to discharge limitations under Proposition 65. "No significant risk" levels (expressed in terms of daily intake of carcinogens) also trigger warning requirements under Proposition 65 that are more extensive than existing state or federal requirements. A variety of chemical exposures from multiple sources are identified that exceed Proposition 65's "no significant risk" levels.     

张爱玲的苍凉世界

张爱玲是一个具有强烈悲剧意识的作家,不同寻常的生活经历使她对“苍凉”有着深刻的体会,她把自己的苍凉情怀写进了小说,把苍凉诠释于亲情的无情,性爱的无爱,用笔为世人描绘了一个无情无爱的苍凉世界。     

全球金融危机过后中美两国对中美关系的构想及认识研究

世界金融危机后,随着美国国际地位的下滑和中国国力快速提升,美国对中国的戒心也随之不断增加,在这样的背景下,中美两国间的认识将会发生怎样的变化?对这一议题进行分析对于中美关系的未来展望意义重大。根据中美之间的相互认识与构想来看,中美两国在经济方面维持密切的合作关系,但中国和美国依然就在核心利益方面进行着相互竞争。而且可以预测在未来的国际舞台上,中国将以更积极的姿态,更明确的立场处理中美关系。因此,中国对于核心利益的坚定态度、中美间的矛盾,以及基于相互尊重的对等的中美关系,所有这些都必将让中美间的竞争更加激烈。     

中国古代管理哲学与西方现代管理理论的差异及互鉴

中国古代管理哲学与西方现代管理理论的差异和优劣势主要体现在管理的基本价值观、基本思维方式、管理主体和客体、主要目标、权力基础、基本管理方式以及管理创新特征等方面。双方相互借鉴的主要方向是：中国应借鉴西方保护个体利益并重视公平竞争和激励、追求标准化的科学管理、强调经济效益和效率、强调民主与“法治”、鼓励创新并保护创新成果等思想中的合理成分,以及西方在领导理论和工商管理领域的有益成果;西方应借鉴中国的人本论、整体观、系统观和权变观、“中庸之道”、“修己安人”、“和为贵”、世界“大同”、民本论、“道治”、“德治”和“智治”等管理思想中的合理成分,以及在伦理管理、国家管理和军事管理等领域的有益成果。     

感兴：审美价值的实现历程

先秦阶段孔子已经意识到情感为诗歌艺术的审美特征,在此前提下提出＂诗可以兴＂、＂兴于诗＂,将诗看作是成就理想人格的途径;而后汉代经学家解诗,＂兴＂被诠释为艺术创作手法,这是艺术沦为教化工具的直接结果;魏晋思想环境的变化促使＂兴＂得到发展,感兴恢复其情感特征,显现出魏晋人率性而为、任性自然的人生追求。简而言之,＂兴＂直观地显示艺术在社会中的价值,体现着时人的审美理想。