坚持哲学社会科学与自然科学并举并重推进“重要职责”与"第一要务”全面落实

作为人类历史发展最终决定力量的生产力,本身就是自然力与社会力的有机统一.它所客观固有的这一内在本质,既决定了解放、发展社会生产力,尤其是推动先进生产力,必须实行哲学社会科学技术与自然科学技术的并举、并重,又决定了培育、提高先进主体生产力,必须实行哲学社会科学素质和才能与自然科学素质和才能的并举、并重.只有同时坚持这两个并举、并重,我们党代表中国先进生产力发展要求必须始终履行的“重要职责”和"第一要务”,才能得到全面落实.     

浅析牟宗三哲学中道体、性体与心体的逻辑构架

道体、性体和心体是牟宗三道德本体论构建的核心概念,是牟宗三构建＂道德形上学＂的理论支点。道体是形而上的根据,是牟宗三道德本体论的逻辑前提,性体是从道体养成心体的必要环节,是不同主体成德的内在根据,心体是具体化的性体,是在社会实践中培养起来的道德之心,是人性的具体体现。因此,只有从道体、心体与性体之间的内在逻辑关系出发,才能从先验的层面上理解牟宗三的＂道德形上学＂成为可能。     

我国灾后废墟管理的进程、问题与趋势初探

废墟管理和垃圾废物处理,是灾后恢复重建以及环境保护工作的难点和重要内容。近年来,我国自然灾害频繁,废墟量不断增多,废墟垃圾若不综合利用、处理,不仅影响灾后恢复重建,而且还会加重生态灾难。而我国在废墟管理方面还相对落后,在废墟处理、管理等环节存在突出问题和技术难题。借鉴日本废墟管理有益经验,废墟管理呈现向专业化、市场化、智能化和法制化方向发展的趋势。     

The Risk Perception Paradox—Implications for Governance and Communication of Natural Hazards

This article reviews the main insights from selected literature on risk perception, particularly in connection with natural hazards. It includes numerous case studies on perception and social behavior dealing with floods, droughts, earthquakes, volcano eruptions, wild fires, and landslides. The review reveals that personal experience of a natural hazard and trust—or lack of trust—in authorities and experts have the most substantial impact on risk perception. Cultural and individual factors such as media coverage, age, gender, education, income, social status, and others do not play such an important role but act as mediators or amplifiers of the main causal connections between experience, trust, perception, and preparedness to take protective actions. When analyzing the factors of experience and trust on risk perception and on the likeliness of individuals to take preparedness action, the review found that a risk perception paradox exists in that it is assumed that high risk perception will lead to personal preparedness and, in the next step, to risk mitigation behavior. However, this is not necessarily true. In fact, the opposite can occur if individuals with high risk perception still choose not to personally prepare themselves in the face of a natural hazard. Therefore, based on the results of the review, this article offers three explanations suggesting why this paradox might occur. These findings have implications for future risk governance and communication as well as for the willingness of individuals to invest in risk preparedness or risk mitigation actions.     

Sanyog: A Speech Enabled Communication System for the Speech Impaired and People with Multiple Disorders

SUMMARY

The paper presents a multilingual communication tool that has been designed for helping in the communication needs of people with severe speech and multiple disorders. The system accepts icons, selected through special access switches, as input and can form natural language sentences, which can be spoken out using in-built text-to-speech synthesizer. The system has been deployed and is being field tested at the schools for the children with cerebral palsy in India.     

苏轼“平淡自然”论及其艺术审美理想

20世纪以来，关于苏轼平淡自然艺术理论研究的文章数量众多，但基本是围绕着苏轼晚年趋于平淡自然风格的追求与他大量的“和陶诗”来谈的。实际上苏轼的“平淡自然”艺术思想有着独特而丰富的内涵，这里从时代风尚、艺术创作、人格境界、情感守护以及人生艺术化等几个方面论述苏轼的“平淡自然”的艺术思想。     

自然数幂方和的一个巧妙猜想

文章将利用已知的几种特殊的自然数的幂方和,研究其算法特征,进而给出并证明了自然数幂方和的一个巧妙猜想,希望这一猜想能给自然数的幂方求和寻求更简单的方法提供一些新思路.     

Economics of Disaster Risk,Social Vulnerability,and Mental Health Resilience

We investigate the relationship between exposure to Hurricanes Katrina and/or Rita and mental health resilience by vulnerability status, with particular focus on the mental health outcomes of single mothers versus the general public. We advance a measurable notion of mental health resilience to disaster events. We also calculate the economic costs of poor mental health days added by natural disaster exposure. Negative binomial analyses show that hurricane exposure increases the expected count of poor mental health days for all persons by 18.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.44–31.14%), and by 71.88% (95% CI, 39.48–211.82%) for single females with children. Monthly time‐series show that single mothers have lower event resilience, experiencing higher added mental stress. Results also show that the count of poor mental health days is sensitive to hurricane intensity, increasing by a factor of 1.06 (95% CI, 1.02–1.10) for every billion (U.S.$) dollars of damage added for all exposed persons, and by a factor of 1.08 (95% CI, 1.03–1.14) for single mothers. We estimate that single mothers, as a group, suffered over $130 million in productivity loss from added postdisaster stress and disability. Results illustrate the measurability of mental health resilience as a two‐dimensional concept of resistance capacity and recovery time. Overall, we show that natural disasters regressively tax disadvantaged population strata.     

“生产的自然条件”与生产力发展的二重性——析马克思主义生产力理论之生态文明视角

马克思的生产力理论具有双重视角。唯物史观所谓的"生产力标准",是立足于工业文明的视角,在不考虑"生产的自然条件"前提下而得出的价值观;因此,它尽管赋有"决定历史发展的终极动力"地位,毕竟只能在普遍性的意义上存在。而在对现实的生产力发展模式的研究中,马克思立足于后工业文明的生态文明视角,创立了"生产的自然条件"范畴,并据此界定了生产力发展的现实意义:生产力能否实现与"生产的自然条件"之良性结合。这就为人类从工业文明的生产方式转型为生态文明的生产方式指明了路向。     

论重大自然灾害作为合同免责事由的原因力

重大自然灾害在合同法上被界定为不可抗力，作为法定的免责事由而免除当事人合同不履行的法律责任。但司法实践中却可能存在诸多的因素导致合同不履行，重大自然灾害可能不是唯一的合同不履行的原因，故在重大自然灾害背景下探讨重大自然灾害与合同不履行之间的原因力关系，对司法实践中处理与重大自然灾害有关的合同纠纷案件具有重要的现实意义。