多维特征视角下基于图卷积网络的专利技术领域自动识别研究

专利审查周期缩短政策的提出与专利申请数量急剧增加的现状给实现专利技术领域识别的专利分类工作带来巨大挑战,如何引入专利自动分类技术提高专利分类工作效率、缩短专利审查周期成为重要研究主题。本文提出基于多维特征和图卷积网络的专利技术领域自动识别方法。该方法根据文献计量学与图表示学习理论从专利摘要、引证专利、专利发明人维度提取专利特征;其次利用专利摘要维度特征生成表征专利文本特征的专利-核心词汇异构网络,并将引证专利、专利发明人维度特征作为专利数字特征嵌入专利-核心词汇异构网络;通过图卷积网络进行半监督学习,确定专利-核心词汇异构网络中专利节点的类别标签,完成专利自动分类任务。为验证本文所提方法的识别效果,采用Incopat全球专利数据库中专利数据进行实验;实验结果表明专利文本特征与专利数字特征共同作为专利特征可以提高专利分类准确率,引证专利信息的引入可以提高专利分类准确率。同时,本文所提方法也给专利技术领域自动识别问题提供新解答思路,为缩短专利审查周期政策的实施提供支撑。     

参数不确定性对投资者最优资产组合的影响：基于中国的实证

现代金融学主要目标是给出具有科学依据的投资建议。这一任务对于投资期限较短的投资者已完成,但对面临时变性投资机会的长期投资者,金融学家还不能给出高精度的投资建议。文章考虑投资者自身预测力存在估计误差的感知风险(参数不确定性)对投资者最优资产组合选择问题的影响。运用我国资本市场数据的实证研究表明:忽略参数不确定性对资产组合选择问题的影响将会误导投资者配置过多的风险资产。     

用综合财务指标衡量企业融资约束

投资现金流敏感性是关于企业融资约束研究中普遍采用的方法,但近十年以来对该方法的合理性有越来越多的争议。本论文以kaplan和Zingales的研究为基础,选择中国上市公司样本数据建立用于识别融资约束的综合财务指标评分模型,获得了可信度较高的度量企业融资约束的数值区间。研究结果为识别企业融资约束提供了可用的基本的方法,丰富了企业投资、融资研究和融资约束方面的研究。     

A comparison of classification models to identify the Fragile X Syndrome

The main models of machine learning are briefly reviewed and considered for building a classifier to identify the Fragile X Syndrome (FXS). We have analyzed 172 patients potentially affected by FXS in Andalusia (Spain) and, by means of a DNA test, each member of the data set is known to belong to one of two classes: affected, not affected. The whole predictor set, formed by 40 variables, and a reduced set with only nine predictors significantly associated with the response are considered. Four alternative base classification models have been investigated: logistic regression, classification trees, multilayer perceptron and support vector machines. For both predictor sets, the best accuracy, considering both the mean and the standard deviation of the test error rate, is achieved by the support vector machines, confirming the increasing importance of this learning algorithm. Three ensemble methods - bagging, random forests and boosting - were also considered, amongst which the bagged versions of support vector machines stand out, especially when they are constructed with the reduced set of predictor variables. The analysis of the sensitivity, the specificity and the area under the ROC curve agrees with the main conclusions extracted from the accuracy results. All of these models can be fitted by free R programs.     

中国干群矛盾的类别、发展趋势及缓解机制研究

干群矛盾是中国社会矛盾中最特别、最具有爆炸性的类型,全面解析干群矛盾是社会矛盾预警及治理的重要环节.文章从性质、主体、地域、表现形式、发展阶段、激烈程度等方面对干群矛盾进行分类,把握其发展的现状,概括出具有普遍性、局部激化、振荡调整、危害性大等特征,指出主要诱因包括政治利益冲突、经济利益冲突和情感利益冲突.预测其发展趋势将更为激烈.而且成为其他社会矛盾演化成大规模冲突的催化剂.提出了"一个中心三个层面"、预警机制、综合控制机制等缓解、化解干群矛盾的机制.     

Predicting Severity of Foreign Body Injuries in Children in Upper Airways: An Approach Based on Regression Trees

The entry of a small item into the upper airways is one of the leading causes of injuries in children up to 14 years old. The aim of this study is to characterize types of objects causing choking along with the features of the children involved in the accident and compare results with current standards. The European Survey on Foreign Bodies Injuries Study (ESFBI) collected data on foreign body injuries from 19 European countries. The data from ESFBI were selected according to the ICD-9-CM codes 933 (foreign body in the pharynx and larynx) and 934 (foreign body in the trachea, bronchi, and lungs). Both a classification tree and a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) have been set up to predict the probability that an injured child experiences a hospitalization. The classification tree provides flowchart-type decision rules and allows for analyzing the impact of the item features, the children characteristics, and the circumstances of the accidents on the severity of the foreign body injuries. Results showed that children younger than 3.5 who are involved in an accident have a high probability to experience a hospitalization.     

论毛泽东诗词的用典特色

运用典故,是我国古典诗词的传统表现手法,毛泽东同志继承和发扬了这一传统,在诗词创作中从不同角度以不同方式遣词造句、传情达意表现现实生活,大大增强了作品形象性和艺术感染力。探讨毛泽东用典特色,化用诗句、神话入诗和民谚民谣的使用。毛泽东的诗词用词风格与曹操、辛弃疾进行纵向比较,彰显出毛泽东使用典故的豪迈气魄。     

试论教育公平与社会分层

改革开放以来，我国的社会分层结构越来越复杂，以先赋地位为主的社会分层模式逐渐被以自致地位为主的分层模式所取代，分层的标准多元化和人格化改变了传统的“世袭”身份的保守倾向，特别是社会成员的权力、收入、声望和机会越来越取决于个人的受教育程度，这使人们对教育公平有了新的追求，即充分实现教育机会均等。文章重点分析了教育与社会分层之间的互动关系，并对如何实现城乡教育公平进行了探讨。     

湖南省城市等级体系分析

在一个国家或者区域，因城市所处的内外条件不同会形成城市间不同的职能分工，同时也形成不同的城市规模。利用湖南各市的人口数据，讨论湖南省的城市人口规模体系及分布特征，表明湖南省城市规模呈现相对均衡的等级分布，并分析其首位度不高的形成原因。为了提高城市体系的整体实力，湖南提出了长株潭一体化和“3＋5”城市群的发展策略。     

Linear Discriminant Analysis of Multivariate Spatial–Temporal Regressions

Abstract.  We consider classification of the realization of a multivariate spatial–temporal Gaussian random field into one of two populations with different regression mean models and factorized covariance matrices. Unknown means and common feature vector covariance matrix are estimated from training samples with observations correlated in space and time, assuming spatial–temporal correlations to be known. We present the first-order asymptotic expansion of the expected error rate associated with a linear plug-in discriminant function. Our results are applied to ecological data collected from the Lithuanian Economic Zone in the Baltic Sea.