说汉语儿童早期否定习得误用现象个案研究

运用个案跟踪调查法、数理统计法、文献资料法,对两名1～3岁儿童长期跟踪观察所获得的语料进行分析,发现3岁前儿童已具备对否定范畴的认知能力,但还只能习得其中比较典型的结构类型。根据否定词误用的特点把语料中含否定误用句型分成三大类：分工误用、句法误用和语义误用,并探究否定误用产生的原因,提出帮助儿童习得语言和习得第二外语的可行性策略。     

The vowel space as sociolinguistic sign

This paper examines variation in vowel space area and its use in social meaning making. Among adolescents at a California high school, patterns of difference in vowel space correlate to social practices of exclusion in the partying scene, albeit alongside explicit discourses of high school social life as inclusive and fluid. I treat vowel space as a sociolinguistic sign, that is, a holistic semiotic resource at play in addition to (or in tandem with) individual segments. Though the semiotic potential of a given linguistic sign is no doubt shaped by large-scale patterns of variation, the particular manifestations of meaning making are best viewed at the community level alongside other day-to-day practices. Further, I suggest that linguistic practices of difference and discourses of sameness are not contradictory, but instead a feature of the semiotic landscape. I thus interpret this vowel space variation as stylistically meaningful within the context of social actors’ ideological orientation to social life.     

ESTIMATING A RATIO OF MEANS FROM BIVARIATE COUNTS WITH APPLICATIONS IN STEREOLOGY

In survey sampling and in stereology, it is often desirable to estimate the ratio of means θ= E(Y)/E(X) from bivariate count data (X, Y) with unknown joint distribution. We review methods that are available for this problem, with particular reference to stereological applications. We also develop new methods based on explicit statistical models for the data, and associated model diagnostics. The methods are tested on a stereological dataset. For point‐count data, binomial regression and bivariate binomial models are generally adequate. Intercept‐count data are often overdispersed relative to Poisson regression models, but adequately fitted by negative binomial regression.     

"负面新闻"及相关概念辨析

作为一个概念,负面新闻表意缺乏明晰性和准确性,易产生歧义,故不具备学术概念应有的品格。不仅如此,它还有可能成为特定主体阻遏新闻舆论监督的借口。负面新闻与负面新闻信息、负面题材报道、批评性报道、产生负面效果的报道等概念之间,存在着明显的区别。新闻学界、业界乃至政界,应慎用负面新闻概念;其相当一部分义项可用负面题材报道概念取代。     

伯林的两种自由

自由问题一直受到普遍关注,伯林将自由分为积极自由与消极自由两种,积极自由与消极自由各有特定的含义,伯林的反对者对其的批评,给我们以有益的启示,伯林自由概念也有不足之处。     

“负的方法”与“智性直观”——对冯友兰与康德哲学方法的扩展性解读

冯友兰负的方法是其哲学体系中独具特色的部分,他认为,只有通过负的方法才能达到哲学的顶点。进而,他认为康德在其哲学中也不自觉地使用了负的方法,如物自体不可知。而在康德看来,物自体不可知,原因在于人类没有智性直观能力。冯友兰则认为,物自体虽不能通过认知方式把握,但可以通过直觉、体悟的方式来达到。我们认为,冯友兰负的方法之所以可能的原因在于中国传统哲学＂内在超越＂的品格。     

Using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to Predict Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties on Positive and Negative Affect Among Adolescents in Disadvantaged Communities

The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used to predict the positive and negative affects of emotional and behavioral difficulties among adolescent boys and girls aged between 14 and 21 years living in disadvantaged communities. A total of 316 adolescents—181 boys and 135 girls—living in the Seri Pantai and Pantai Ria Public Housing Projects in Kuala Lumpur were invited to complete the questionnaire. The results showed that conduct and peer problems were the most prevalent emotional and behavioral difficulties experienced by these adolescents. As expected, the emotional symptoms were more common among the girls than the boys. A further analysis showed that emotional symptoms, peer problems, and low prosocial behavior were predictors of the negative affect of emotional and behavioral difficulties while negative emotional symptoms and high hyperactivity were predictors of a positive affect. The findings suggested that three subscales of SDQ are required to produce a negative affect, and two subscales of SDQ for a positive affect.     

"虚静"理论视域下的"消极能力"说--中国古代哲学理念与济慈诗论比较研究

"消极能力"(Negative Ability)是济慈最重要的诗歌创作理论之一,"消极能力"说体现的是诗人对创作主体的创作状态的思考."虚静"说首先是中国古代哲学的一个重要理念,后为文艺批评采用,也体现了对创作主体的创作状态的思考."虚静"理论与"消极能力"说颇为契合,以作为哲学概念和文艺批评术语的"虚静"理论审视济慈的"消极能力"说,不仅可以阐释济慈"消极能力"的内涵,还可以为该理论的研究提供一个新视野.     

语言的负迁移现象与中国式英语的产生

中国式英语是一种畸形的英语,它的存在是我国跨文化交际中的一块绊脚石,严重地影响到我国与英语国家的交往,影响了对外宣传的效果.因此,应研究语言迁移的本质,寻找Chinglish的产生源头,努力摆脱其负面影响.     

A two-parameter estimator in the negative binomial regression model

In this article, a two-parameter estimator is proposed to combat multicollinearity in the negative binomial regression model. The proposed two-parameter estimator is a general estimator which includes the maximum likelihood (ML) estimator, the ridge estimator (RE) and the Liu estimator as special cases. Some properties on the asymptotic mean-squared error (MSE) are derived and necessary and sufficient conditions for the superiority of the two-parameter estimator over the ML estimator and sufficient conditions for the superiority of the two-parameter estimator over the RE and the Liu estimator in the asymptotic mean-squared error (MSE) matrix sense are obtained. Furthermore, several methods and three rules for choosing appropriate shrinkage parameters are proposed. Finally, a Monte Carlo simulation study is given to illustrate some of the theoretical results.