自由的性质

尽管自由的关系和意义错综复杂,但个人自由构成所有其他自由的基础,也是理解它们的前提。在政治哲学里,个人自由始终就具有政治的意义。而在现代政治共同体之中,个人自由本身就是目的,而不是任何其他目的的手段。因此,现代社会的基本结构和制度的宗旨乃是为个人自由提供最大限度的可靠的空间。法治、民主以及共和的原则是支持和保障自由的方式。不过,随着社会的变迁,个人自由在其个人关系和活动空间的方面也会发生变化。积极自由和消极自由并不是两个问题的,而是同一个问题的不同层面;在政治哲学里,该理论是人们认识个人自由的一种方式。     

汉日反义词的对比研究

首先从词汇学的角度,对汉日反义词的概念作了简单的对比研究工作,归纳了汉日反义词概念的异同点,在此基础上就反义词的定义提出了自己的观点.其次通过对中日两国相关辞书、语言实践的对比分析,指出了汉日反义词在构成上,特别是否定接头词构成上的一些互动作用.希望能对语文教学以及对外汉语教学起到一定的参考作用.     

移动通信单向收费定价策略研究

随着移动通信业务的飞速发展,其收费模式和定价策略为世界各国所关注。本文从中国电信产业现状出发,对移动通信单向收费定价策略进行研究,结果表明:①网络外部性对移动通信市场有福利增加效果;②产业发展早期,可采取呼叫付费原则发展移动通信;③产业发展后期,可采取分离付费原则增加社会福利。     

从西方人的“消极面子”看中西文化及其礼貌言语差异

针对Ｂｒｏｗｎ和Ｌｅｖｉｎｓｏｎ提出的以自由为核心的“消极面子”概念，对中西文化及其礼貌言语现象作对比分析后可见，就Ｂｒｏｗｎ和Ｌｅｖｉｎｓｏｎ的“消极面子”概念而言，中西文化及其礼貌言语存在着较大差异，无法用某种统一的标准来衡量。     

先秦汉语“弗”字用法及其性质再探

在先秦汉语中,"弗"作为一个一般性的否定副词,它的语法意义并非单纯地体现在用于省去宾语的外动词和介词之前.在先秦不同时期的各种典籍中有大量的例子表明,它不仅可以用来修饰带有宾语的外动词和介词,甚至还可以用来修饰内动词、形容词以及状词.因此,"弗"字既不是"不之"的合义,也不是"兼摄了代词宾语的职能",它不可能是"一个含有代名词性的宾语的否定词".它是一个单纯的否定代词.     

中国西部地区人才资源流失导致的人文环境恶化问题研究

各地人文环境对人力资本投资起着十分重要且不可替代的作用,但西部地区人才资源的持续外流却使得当地人文环境恶化,从而无法对广大的民众起到良好的培育作用.培育当地的民营企业家阶层、解决县镇就业是重建西部地区人文环境的治本之策.     

论网络外部性

20世纪70年代以来,技术革命方兴未艾,网络成为促进经济发展的"车轮"。进入网络经济社会后,网络更成为经济研究的热点。深刻了解网络所独有的经济特征———网络外部性,将更加有助于分析相关经济现象。     

谈背诵和英语口语教学的关系

本文主要研究背诵和英语口语教学之间存在的正相关和负相关关系.笔者本着"古为今用"的原则,对如何改进传统的背诵法,使其更好地为口语教学服务提出了一些建议.     

Confidence curves and improved exact confidence intervals for discrete distributions

The author describes a method for improving standard “exact” confidence intervals in discrete distributions with respect to size while retaining correct level. The binomial, negative binomial, hypergeometric, and Poisson distributions are considered explicitly. Contrary to other existing methods, the author's solution possesses a natural nesting condition: if α < α', the 1 ‐ α' confidence interval is included in the 1 ‐ α interval. Nonparametric confidence intervals for a quantile are also considered.     

Extension of the Application of Conway‐Maxwell‐Poisson Models: Analyzing Traffic Crash Data Exhibiting Underdispersion

The objective of this article is to evaluate the performance of the COM‐Poisson GLM for analyzing crash data exhibiting underdispersion (when conditional on the mean). The COM‐Poisson distribution, originally developed in 1962, has recently been reintroduced by statisticians for analyzing count data subjected to either over‐ or underdispersion. Over the last year, the COM‐Poisson GLM has been evaluated in the context of crash data analysis and it has been shown that the model performs as well as the Poisson‐gamma model for crash data exhibiting overdispersion. To accomplish the objective of this study, several COM‐Poisson models were estimated using crash data collected at 162 railway‐highway crossings in South Korea between 1998 and 2002. This data set has been shown to exhibit underdispersion when models linking crash data to various explanatory variables are estimated. The modeling results were compared to those produced from the Poisson and gamma probability models documented in a previous published study. The results of this research show that the COM‐Poisson GLM can handle crash data when the modeling output shows signs of underdispersion. Finally, they also show that the model proposed in this study provides better statistical performance than the gamma probability and the traditional Poisson models, at least for this data set.