《三国志》同素逆序词研究与辞书编纂

词典的编纂与词汇研究密切相关。同素逆序词是构词语素相同、语素序位互逆的一对词。编纂词典,不可避免地会遇到同素逆序词问题。作为中古汉语代表著作之一,《三国志》一书中出现大量的同素逆序词,其中有为数不少的新词新义。寻求语词的始见例,对于汉语史研究特别是历史性辞书的编纂有特殊意义。在《三国志》同素逆序词研究中涉及到的现代大型辞书编纂中存在的问题一般有词目缺收、书证偏晚、释义不确、义项缺漏、误目或词目与书证不符、误倒的同素逆序词等。本文以《三国志》原文及裴注中的同素逆序词为主,着重从立目、释义和书证等方面略举数端以说明该类词的研究在辞书编纂中的作用,以期对辞书的不断完善有所帮助。关键词:同素逆序词;词目;书证;释义     

方言中的同素逆序词分析

方言中也有不少双音词和共同语双音词的词素逆序,方言中的同素逆序词大多数传承了古汉语同素逆序词中的一序(BA),而普通话说另一序(AB),或者古汉语两序均保留在方言中,普通话用其中一序;有少数是方言颠倒普通话的说法。由于语言习惯、方言体系以及其他方面的差别,南北各方言对同素逆序词选择和保留的标准并不一致。     

“碳关税”对中国经济的潜在影响

近年来,一些发达国家以应对气候变化为由,提出对进口的碳排放密集型产品征收特别的CO2排放关税,并将"碳贸易限制措施"扩大为"碳关税"壁垒。"碳关税"的开征必然对我国经济、出口贸易造成严重冲击。因此,我们应该积极主动参与相关国际规则的制定,优化出口贸易结构,加强低碳技术创新,实现向低碳经济的转型,以便充分地应对"碳关税"壁垒。     

论新诗的职能单一对诗体建设的负面影响

受时代的制约 ,特别是受意识形态的影响 ,新诗的职能总是被世俗化、实用化和简单化 ,总是片面强调诗的社会教化职能或个体抒情功能 ,对诗的审美功能和语言游戏功能极端忽视 ,对写什么太重视 ,太轻视怎么写 ,过分强调内容大于形式 ,主题先行式写作盛行 ,很多诗人成也题材败也题材。八九十年代的诗人争当的是诗意的先锋而非诗艺的先锋。新诗的职能单一严重影响了新诗诗体的建设。     

Acting Autonomously Versus not Acting Heteronomously

This paper presents a formal framework that purports to capture some aspects of Kant's theory of freedom. In particular, we argue that the analysis sheds further light on Kant's distinction between a negative and a positive concept of freedom. The paper shows that the two concepts are not equivalent: we not only argue that in a Kantian perspective negative freedom need not entail positive freedom, but also that there are situations in which a person can be said to be positively but not negatively free (in a Kantian sense).     

Ethnicity as a risk indicator for musculoskeletal disease, long consultation times and care utilization A prospective visitor study of 438 consecutive adult consultations of a primary health care centre

This article shows the influence of ethnicity (people born outside Sweden and in Sweden) and social class (socioeconomic class) on the distribution of diagnoses, consultation time and health care utilization in primary health care controlled for sex, age, marital status and educational level. The study was designed as a prospective primary health care utilization study during 7 consecutive weeks. Of a total of 439 adults who lived in the residential area, 290 were born in Sweden and 149 were born elsewhere. The data were analysed unmatched with logistic regression and Poisson regression in main effect models. People born outside Sweden received significantly more diagnoses per consultation than people born in Sweden. The strongest independent risk indicator for musculoskeletal disease was being born outside Sweden, with an estimated odds ratio (OR) of 5.01, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.70–8.72. Age over 44 was associated with increased odds for musculoskeletal disease. Respiratory disease, as an indicator of less serious disease, were significantly less common among people born outside Sweden (OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.33–0.87). Being born outside Sweden was a risk indicator for consultations longer than 30 minutes (OR = 3.03, 95% CI=1.18–7.43). There were no differences between people born in Sweden and those born elsewhere in health and utilization. Social class was not associated with any of the dependent variables.     

政治流行语言"泛化"现象解析

政治语言“泛化”是语言变异现象中的一种。基层官员的模仿、反复使用是政治流行语言“泛化”的基础,无意识形成套话是政治流行语言“泛化”的根本,群众的儿戏是政治流行语言“泛化”的关键。政治语言“泛化”形成的前期有利于使某一政治事件引起公众的关注,形成以后则降低了该重要政治理论、政治事件的严肃性,损害了执政党的形象,暴露了新时期政治思想工作的缺陷。     

再谈"寻常词语艺术化"

“寻常词语艺术化”是张弓先生在《现代汉语修辞学》一书中提出的一个十分重要的课题,有一定的理论价值的。虽然限于当时修辞的发展水平,这一课题在提出之初有其缺陷性,但是瑕不掩瑜,“寻常词语艺术化”这一理论终究在汉语修辞发展史上发出璀璨耀眼的光芒,指引后来者继续前进。     

浅谈学术论文关键词的标引

指出学术论文关键词标引中存在的各种不合规范的问题 ,阐述了关键词标引的意义 ,介绍了关键词的标引方法     

从跨文化差异看英汉词语的不等值现象

英汉词语 ,纷繁浩瀚 ,文化信息差异极大。由于不同的文化背景和生活方式 ,英汉词语会出现不等值现象 ,造成词汇空缺。处理这一现象应遵循意译借词原则和简译借词原则。