Effects of gall volume on survival and fecundity of gall-making aphidsAdelges japonicus (Homoptera: Adelgidae)

Summary The number of larvae reaching maturity within the gall ofAdelges japonicus was positively related to gall volume, and the relationship between the number of mature larvae and gall volume did not change with different densities of colonized larvae. The population changes in the bud galls ofA. japonicus were surveyed by collecting the galls, which did not suffer predation or parasitism within the galls, from young artificial plantations ofPicea jezoensis over two years. In the year when the density of colonized larvae was high, they suffered a 42% mortality within the galls, whereas mortality was nearly zero in the low density year. The numbers of larvae per gall were positively correlated with gall volume. The regression lines of the number of colonized larvae on gall volume did not differ significantly in the regression coefficients between the two years, whereas the intercept was significantly higher in the year when the density of colonized larvae was higher. However, different within-gall mortality nullified this difference, and the regression lines of the number of mature larvae on gall volume had no significant difference both in the regression coefficients and the intercepts. This suggests that the number of mature larvae per gall was limited by available resources within the gall which were positively related to gall volume. In 25% of the galls in which mature larvae inhabited, the space within the galls were completely filled by the larvae, indicating that space was one of the limiting resources. Gall volume also affected the number of adults that emerged from the gall and the potential number of their progeny.     

TESTING SPHERICITY UNDER A MIXTURE MODEL

The robustness of Mauchly's sphericity test criterion when sampling from a mixture of two multivariate normal distributions is studied. The distribution of the sphericity test criterion when the sample covariance matrix has a non-central Wishart density of rank one is derived in terms of Meijer's G-functions; its distribution under the mixture model is then deduced. The robustness is studied by computing actual significance levels of the test under the mixture model using the critical values under the usual normal model.     

用干簧管进行液位测量的方法探讨

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论行为管理手段的“四制”关系

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高校师德建设的思考

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新时期高等学校教师培训工作的思考

分析了高等学校教师培训工作的现状,即不完全适应时代发展的需要;不完全适应我国加入WTO后高等教育与国际接轨的需要;不完全适应高等教育自身深化改革和发展的需要;不完全适应教师参训的个性愿望的需要。针对高等学校教师培训实际工作中存在重学历培训,轻师德培养;对教师创新能力、实践能力的培养不够重视;经费短缺,内容陈旧,考核机制不够完善等问题,提出了健全规章,实行依法培训;加强师德建设,采取多种形式,提高教师综合素质;设立专项培训经费及建立健全教师培训的激励机制的对策。     

西方女性主义文论与中国的女性文学发展

西方女性主义文论的背景(女权主义运动)及其理论成果对中国女性意识的崛起和女性文学的发展有着或深或浅的影响作用。通过梳理西方女性主义文论的兴起和中国女性文学的发展，指出这种影响作用是相互的，它不仅对促进中国文学创作的发展、审美价值观念的更新和批评话语的重建，乃至中国的妇女解放，都有着十分重要的现实意义，而且对世界范围内的女性主义文论的成熟和进一步发展，也能起到一定的促进和参照作用。     

论政府在社会主义市场经济中的职能定位问题

政府在社会主义市场经济中如何定位一直是理论界争论的焦点之一。通过对市场与政府的关系分析,指出在中国市场和政府结合的最佳途径是以市场为基础,将政府职能转化为以建设公共服务型为重点。     

语用学需要"顺应"潮流--顺应论的几个关键概念述评

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