Marginal inhomogeneity models for square contingency tables with nominal categories

For the analysis of square contingency tables with nominal categories, this paper proposes two kinds of models that indicate the structure of marginal inhomogeneity. One model states that the absolute values of log odds of the row marginal probability to the corresponding column marginal probability for each category i are constant for every i. The other model states that, on the condition that an observation falls in one of the off-diagonal cells in the square table, the absolute values of log odds of the conditional row marginal probability to the corresponding conditional column marginal probability for each category i are constant for every i. These models are used when the marginal homogeneity model does not hold, and the values of parameters in the models are useful for seeing the degree of departure from marginal homogeneity for the data on a nominal scale. Examples are given.     

论汉语副词强势语的跨类修饰

以汉语中副词强势语的认知分类和语义特征为根据,对汉语中尤其是一些报刊和口语中流行的"副词+非度量性形容词化名词短语"的表达法从副词强势语的语义含义、"误用"现象的认知分类和语义表征以及"误用"现象产生的社会因素及理论依据三方面进行分析,认为:这种表达法虽在语法类属上出现跨类"误用",但从社会学和心理学的角度看来又具有合理性;虽为误用,却很流行,给语言增添了多样性和新奇性。     

介词短语作为后置修饰语的英语名词词组功能句法分析

介词短语是复杂的英语名词词组后置修饰语的重要类型之一。介词在系统功能语言学中被当做次要动词（minor verb）,可以体现次要过程（minor process）。论文对介词of短语作为后置修饰语的英语名词词组进行系统功能句法分析,尝试探讨介词短语体现的具体过程类型以及of只是作为结构标志而不体现过程的具体情况。同时,文章探讨了词汇因素对of充当结构标志以及具体的过程类型的影响。      

名词词组中的动词-ing成分的功能语言学分析

Halliday在其著述中并没有充分关注非限定成分,对动词-ing形式在名词词组中作前置修饰成分和后置修饰成分的研究更显简略,他认为动词-ing形式在名词词组中可作修饰语和类别语,这时动词-ing形式可转化为作性质语的级转移关系小句,形式为“thing+which does/is doing”(如a sleeping dog)。但对于另一种情形(如a sleeping bag),原先的“thing+which does/is doing”难以解释,只能以“a bag (which is used) for sleeping”来解释。本文拟从功能语言学的视角,对动词-ing形式作为前置修饰成分的这两种情形及其不同的形式进行探讨,考察其相同形式下的不同意义与功能。      

论大型国有企业的预算监管问题

对大型国有企业存在的严重的财产权利实际控制人问题和财产权利名义所有人问题进行了研究,认为实行预算监管和设计一套切实可行的预算监管组织框架是克服这些问题的有效措施。     

论股权代持的法律性质和效力

在《公司法》即将迎来第六次修改之际,明确股权代持的法律性质和效力有助于在鼓励投资兴业与维护交易安全之间实现动态平衡与同频共振。鉴于信托法承认信托财产的独立性和信托义务的严格性,除非隐名股东与名义股东另有特别约定,应运用信托关系去解释和梳理股权代持关系。要基于“法无禁止即可为”的现代法治理念,充分尊重和有效保护股权代持的效力。股权代持关系的效力包括对内和对外两个维度。就对内关系而言,要大力弘扬契约精神和信托文化,要全面夯实隐名股东的知情权、收益权、股权行使策略调整权、股权处分撤销权、名义股东解任权、治理参与权和显名权等一系列权利。就外部关系而言,外观主义是化解隐名股东与善意第三人之间权利冲突的基本原则。善意取得制度适用于股权代持情形,有助于维护交易安全,改善股权流动性。在强制执行程序中,隐名股东也应礼让名义股东的善意债权人。但若名义股东的债权人明知或应知名义股东与隐名股东之间的股权代持关系,则不适用外观主义原则。为尊重当事人意思自治,对股权代持的效力应采取“原则有效、例外无效”的价值取向。为严格限定无效股权代持协议的范围,建议导入“三步法”思维,精准识别效力性规范。裁判者援引“公序良俗”确认股权代持无效时更应慎之又慎。     

Testing for departures from nominal dispersion in generalized nonlinear models with varying dispersion and/or additive random effects

This paper discusses the tests for departures from nominal dispersion in the framework of generalized nonlinear models with varying dispersion and/or additive random effects. We consider two classes of exponential family distributions. The first is discrete exponential family distributions, such as Poisson, binomial, and negative binomial distributions. The second is continuous exponential family distributions, such as normal, gamma, and inverse Gaussian distributions. Correspondingly, we develop a unifying approach and propose several tests for testing for departures from nominal dispersion in two classes of generalized nonlinear models. The score test statistics are constructed and expressed in simple, easy to use, matrix formulas, so that the tests can easily be implemented using existing statistical software. The properties of test statistics are investigated through Monte Carlo simulations.     

名词性省略实现元功能的途径类型分析

作为一种常见的语言现象,名词性省略发生在实现概念功能、人际功能和语篇功能的各个层面。名词性省略在实现三种元功能的过程中,使用的途径多种多样。文章试图在韩礼德功能语法对三种元功能探讨的基础上,对英语名词性省略实现三种元功能的途径类型进行初步分析。     

Application of boundary calculation methodologies to group sequential testing in general parametric models

For clinical trials with interim analyses, there have been methodologies and software to calculate boundaries for comparing binomial, normal, and survival data from two treatment groups. Jermison & Turnbull (1991) extended Pocock (1977) and O' Brien- Fleming (1979) boundaries to t-tests, x²-tests and F-tests for comparing normal data from several treatment groups. This paper demonstrates that the above boundaries can be applied to a wide variety of test statistics based on general parametric settings. We show that asymptotically the x² boundaries as well as the corresponding nominal significance levels calculated by Jennison & Turnbull can be applied to interim analyses based on the score test, the Wald test, and the likelihood ratio test for general parametric models. Based on the results of this paper, currently available software in group sequential testing can be used to calculate. the nominal significance levels (or boundaries) for group sequential testing based on logistic regression, A NOVA, and other parametric methods.     

悉尼语法和加的夫语法对英语名词词组研究的比较

悉尼语法和加的夫语法都是建立在Halliday系统功能语言学理论基础之上的两种语法模式。在描述和解释具体语言现象时既有联系又有区别。本文具体探讨两种语法模式对英语名词词组描述方面的异同。这两种模式都把名词词组当作重要的一级句法单位,而且描述均采用功能描述。然而,对其内部结构的描述以及相关功能标签的使用等方面,二者之间存在很大差别。从这些区别和联系可以看出两种语法模式既同宗同祖又各有特色。两种语法模式的结合使用对于描述和研究英语名词词组具有重要意义。