论先秦儒家的和谐社会观

儒家和谐社会观的内涵:一是社会政治和谐;二是等级秩序和谐;三是社会关系和谐;四是人与自然和谐。其实现途径是:以“仁”化之;以“礼”节之;以“乐”和之。在中国文化史上具有正、负两方面的深远影响,对于建设社会主义和谐社会具有不可忽视的启迪作用。     

在刑事审判中对犯罪人进行心理鉴定的思考

犯罪人犯罪的动机、目的、犯罪时的心理状态、以及犯罪后的态度等犯罪心理,是刑事审判中刑罚裁量时可考虑的酌定情节。对酌定情节的分析和认定直接影响到审判机关定罪量刑的准确性,而酌定情节涵盖内容尺度的把握又具有较大的灵活性,因此,十分有必要对犯罪人实施犯罪时的心理(心理态度)进行鉴定,并将鉴定结果作为法官对犯罪进行定罪量刑的依据之一,以提高审判机关定罪量刑的准确性。     

大学生思想政治工作实效性路径探析

通过宏观和微观的统计以及定性和定量的分析,阐释了部分在校大学生存在价值判断标准的二重性、模糊性、迷茫性;焦虑情绪严重,容易诱发各种思想问题;个人利益、自我中心意识过度强化等思想政治问题,并针对存在的问题,提出要转变思想政治工作观念与方式,加强高校思想政治工作者队伍建设,打破思想教育工作者"各自为政"的做法,构筑思想政治教育的系统工程等增强高校思想政治工作实效性的改进思路。     

中国经济法学说评价及其应然趋向

我国1992年以来的六大经济法学说在定义模式、主体认识、作用领域和调整目标上基本取得共识。但是,这些学说由于具有过于浓重的国家干预主义色彩和对其他法律的封闭性态度,与我国市场经济的现实要求有不符之处。它发展的应然趋势是以经济宪法与经济行政法为中心、重视经济法与民商法等其他法律的合作关系、强化对经济法实务和经济法部门法的研究。     

Effect of aggregation on the estimation of trend in mortality

There are three approaches to analyzing and forecasting age‐specific mortality: (1) analyze age‐specific data directly, (2) analyze each cause‐specific mortality series separately and add the results, (3) analyze cause‐specific mortality series jointly and add the results. We show that if linear models are used for cause‐specific mortality, then the three approaches often give close results even when cause‐specific series are correlated. This result holds for cross‐correlations arising from random misclassification of deaths by cause, and also for certain patterns of systematic misclassification. It need not hold, if one or more causes serve as “leading indicators”; for the remaining causes, or if outside information is incorporated into forecasting either through expert judgment or formal statistical modeling. Under highly nonlinear models or in the presence of modeling error the result may also fail. The results are illustrated with U.S. age‐specific mortality data from 1968–1985. In some cases the aggregate forecasts appear to be the more credible ones.     

人际间影响敏感性对中国消费者独特性需求的作用机制研究

以本土消费者为样本,采用实证研究方法就消费者的人际间影响敏感性与独特性需求之间的作用关系进行了分析。通过分析发现,从总体来看本土消费者对人际间影响所持有的敏感性对独特性需求产生了促进作用,这种因果关系在一定程度上解释了中国消费者在消费过程中所体现出的从众、攀比、好面子等独特现象的产生机理。     

The Collapsing Choice Theory: Dissociating Choice and Judgment in Decision Making

Decision making theory in general, and mental models in particular, associate judgment and choice. Decision choice follows probability estimates and errors in choice derive mainly from errors in judgment. In the studies reported here we use the Monty Hall dilemma to illustrate that judgment and choice do not always go together, and that such a dissociation can lead to better decision-making. Specifically, we demonstrate that in certain decision problems, exceeding working memory limitations can actually improve decision choice. We show across four experiments that increasing the number of choice alternatives forces people to collapse choices together, resulting in better decision-making. While choice performance improves, probability judgments do not change, thus demonstrating an important dissociation between choice and probability judgments. We propose the Collapsing Choice Theory (CCT) which explains how working memory capacity, probability estimation, choice alternatives, judgment, and regret all interact and effect decision quality.      

Normative Beliefs as Risk Factors for Involvement in Unhealthy Weight Control Behavior

Objective: The authors' aim in this study was to determine, after adjustment for the effects of body mass index and sociodemographic measures, whether sex-specific weight control norms would have significant independent relationships with the weight control behavior of college women and men. Participants: The authors used an anonymous questionnaire to assess a sample of 470 college students, aged 18 to 26 years, attending either a 2- year community college or a 4-year public university. Methods: To calculate body mass index, the authors objectively measured the height and weight of each participant. They conducted separate discriminant function analyses for women and men. Results: The discriminant function analyses clearly indicated that weight control norms of same-sex, close friends were the best discriminators of involvement in weight control. Conclusions: The findings indicate that perceived peer norms may be important but overlooked risk factors for engaging in unhealthy weight control practices. The authors discuss the implications of these findings in the context of student health promotion.     

Ranked set sampling with concomitant variables

Ranked set sampling is a procedure which may be used to improve the precision of the estimator of the mean. It is useful in cases where the variable of interest is much more difficult to measure than to order. However, even if ordering is difficult, but there is an easily ranked concomitant variable available, then it may be used to “judgment order” the original variable. The amount of increase in the precision of the estimator is dependent upon the correlation between the 2 variables.     

Structuration d’un champ d’action publique : l’intervention publique sur les copropriétés dégradées

This article focuses on the social construction of the problem, which emerged in France during the 1980s, of dilapidated condominium apartment buildings and on the public policy instruments that have been used. A sociology of organized action serves to analyze this twofold process, which has resulted from the formation of networks of persons unfamiliar with the legal aspects of condominium ownership. Linking the periphery to the center, these networks have crystallized around norms ensuing from housing policy. The concept of “field” in the Weberian sense explains this crystallization, and also applies to the symmetrical process of conserving civil law on joint ownership. Parties attached to this normative system denied the problem of dilapidated condominiums, when it was presented to them. By pursuing a social activity based on applying and producing rules, individuals in the networks related to housing policy and persons concerned by condominium ownership contributed to maintaining and, too, revitalizing rules and norms.