海外新移民与当代乡村经济变迁——以福建省福清市J村为个案的实证研究

改革开放近30年来,我国东南沿海侨乡地区海外新移民潮发展迅速.作为当代农村社会变迁的一种新动力,出国移民潮的兴起对迁出地乡村经济变迁的影响是显著而深刻的.这种变迁中既有机遇也有挑战.如何尽快制定合理的应对之策以抓住机遇、迎接挑战已成为一个迫切而必要的研究课题.     

城中村语言景观与三峡移民身份认同调查研究——以后移民时期湖南衡阳地区三峡移民为例

前移民时期早已达成迁得进的目标,业已完成移民迁建使命。稳得住、逐步能致富正成为新时代后移民时期达成目标的关键。基于此,文章以湖南省衡阳市武广新区城中村三峡移民为研究对象,通过两个观察维度,考察了城中村语言景观,寻找语言景观的使用特点、使用规律和语码选择背后透视出来的身份认同问题。研究结果显示:城中村语言景观与三峡移民对迁入地的语码身份认同以及对迁出地的地域身份认同具有同构关系；三峡移民对迁入地及武广新区城中村的地域身份认同感处于中等稍弱层级。这表明:三峡移民的需求层次正处于由谋生型向发展型转变的关键节点。文章分析了其动因,提出了其对策。这对有效解决三峡移民需求层次转变关键节点中出现相关新问题,以及对有效解决三峡移民社区社会经济文化和谐发展问题均具有重要现实意义。     

Digitized diaspora governance during the COVID-19 pandemic: China's diaspora mobilization and Chinese migrant responses in Italy

We explore how the Chinese diaspora state during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 managed to transform a severe health crisis into a geo-political opportunity for transnational nation-building through diaspora governance based on extensive use of social media technologies. By adopting a multi-scalar perspective, we analyse the intertwined nature of top-down and bottom-up processes of the Chinese Party-state's diaspora mobilization. Based on discourse and ethnographic analysis, we argue that China's diaspora governance exposed a new and strong capacity for extra-territorial governance. We explore how discursive hegemony, social control and diaspora mobilization were achieved by widely employing the Chinese social media application, WeChat. We also contend that this was facilitated by the Italian government's and media's pro-China attitudes to emphasize the importance of considering transnational embeddedness when studying the implementation and impact of interactive online technology for diaspora governance in an illiberal political context.     

Development and International Migration: The Effect of Income on Regular and Irregular Migration Intentions to Europe

In recent years, the development-migration debate has re-gained popularity in policy circles, especially after the so-called “migration crisis” in Europe and the following approval of the European Agenda on Migration. Much of the empirical literature supports the idea that the relationship between international migration and incomes at origin follows hump-shaped patterns. A growing number of studies find that increasing economic development and financial resources in developing countries would allow a greater number of individuals to afford the costs of emigrating. However, this evidence heavily relies on measures of regular migration only. Using nationally representative data from 12 Middle East and North Africa countries, this study adopts a multinomial logit model to frame migration intentions, distinguishing between regular and irregular routes. The main finding is that the level of household income is associated negatively with the demand for irregular migration to Europe. Predictive margins clearly show that higher household incomes increase the probability of planning only regular migration, while decreasing that of considering also irregular migration. The policy implications are not negligible: improving economic conditions in countries of origin may be effective at deflecting migrants from irregular to regular routes.     

COVID-19, (im)mobilities and blockages: Re-thinking mobilities of migrant women in Northern Ireland

This article deals with the recent COVID-19 pandemic and how it has affected mobilities in Northern Ireland. Drawing on the findings of in-depth interviews with migrant women and elements of autoethnographic research, the author discusses how migrant women reshape their mobilities in the context of global pandemic. The article looks into how COVID-19 has reinforced the existing mobility regimes and how waiting has become an important part of migrant women strategies. To this end, it examines waiting as both passive and active condition. It then explores politics of mobility and transgressive powers involved in migrant women trajectories.     

Return Migration Intentions Driven by Parental Concerns and the Value of Children

Using an integrated qualitative approach and semi-structured interviews with 32 second-generation Turkish parents in Germany, this study examines the parental concerns formed by assessing the value of children, which, in turn, influence return migration intentions. This study proposes that parents develop three main concerns in an attempt to maximize the value of their children: (1) socioeconomic, (2) assimilation, and (3) marriage concerns. Return migration intention itself turns into a parental investment by designating the home country as the final destination where these concerns can be resolved, and thus their children may reach their full potential for themselves and their families. This study suggests that in the context of migrant families, the value of children can be a potential predictor of return migration since it is subject to changes during the life course in response to the cultural, social, and economic contexts of the host and home countries.     

Ageing,migration infrastructure and multi-generational care dynamics in transnational families

The analysis of transnational family relations from an intergenerational to a multi-generational perspective highlights the significant role migration infrastructure plays in transnational family care arrangements at different family life stages. Changing migration policies and local-bound welfare systems in the host and home countries tend to fixate the role of care-receiver and provider against fluid transnational family care dynamics as the life course of the family unfolds. This paper focuses on Chinese transnational one-child families in which the initial separation between parents and their only-child was motivated by the child's overseas education, and followed by the adult child's employment and family formation in the UK. My findings illustrate how reified definitions of the family and familial roles structure mobile individuals’ access to family rights in a transnational context. They warn of the danger of entrenched injustice embedded in the definitional classification of family migrants.     

Watching them grow: Intergenerational video-calling among transnational families in the age of smartphones

This paper investigates the novel forms of intergenerational communication in transnational families introduced by the widespread use of video-calls on smartphones. Centring on the kin-keeping role of the mother, the study analyses 30 semi-structured interviews with migrant Turkish mothers living in 10 different countries around the world, as the facilitators of video-calls and intergenerational mediators. It is argued that smartphone mediated video-calls add new dimensions to the communication that expand the possibilities of self-expression and bonding for the migrant child with their grandparents in the form of visual performance, spatial sharing and spatio-temporal longing, while offering new ways of carrying out traditional grandparenting roles in a digitalized setting. Such intergenerational communication is mediated by migrant mothers as manifested through the practice of simultaneous multigenerational communication engaging all three generations on different forms of exchange enabled by the device itself. Although the new generation born into the digital age struggle with the paradox of separation vis-à-vis virtual togetherness, everyday video-calls on smartphones not only help keep the image of ‘family’ alive for the migrant child, they also generate a circumambient virtual setting that permits the transfer of family culture, knowledge and values wherein the younger generation can learn from the parent–grandparent relationship model.     

Women from migrant and refugee backgrounds’ perceptions and experiences of the continuum of maternity care in Australia: A qualitative evidence synthesis

BackgroundWomen who were born overseas represent an increasing proportion of women giving birth in the Australian healthcare system.ProblemWomen from migrant and refugee backgrounds have an increased risk of poor pregnancy and birth outcomes, including experiences of care.AimTo understand how women from migrant and refugee backgrounds perceive and experience the continuum of maternity care (pregnancy, birth, postnatal) in Australia.MethodologyWe conducted a qualitative evidence synthesis, searching MEDLINE, CIHAHL, and PsycInfo for studies published from inception to 23/05/2020. We included studies that used qualitative methods for data collection and analysis, that explored migrant/refugee women’s experiences or perceptions of maternity care in Australia. We used a thematic synthesis approach, assessed the methodological limitations of included studies, and used GRADE-CERQual to assess confidence in qualitative review findings.Results27 studies met the inclusion criteria, representing women in Australia from 42 countries. Key themes were developed into 24 findings, including access to interpreters, structural barriers to service utilisation, experiences with health workers, trust in healthcare, experiences of discrimination, preferences for care, and conflicts between traditional cultural expectations and the Australian medical system.ConclusionThis review can help policy makers and organisations who provide care to women from migrant and refugee backgrounds to improve their experiences with maternity care. It highlights factors linked to negative experiences of care as well as factors associated with more positive experiences to identify potential changes to practices and policies that would be well received by this population.     

流动模式对流动人口收入影响的性别差异

在流动模式家庭化趋势不断加强的现实面前，对流动人口收入及其性别差异的研究仍忽视流动模式的作用。利用２０１２年全国流动人口动态监测调查上海市的数据，探讨了流动模式对流动人口收入影响的性别差异。研究发现：在“男主外、女主内”性别分工观念的作用下，相较于独自流动，非独自流动有助于男性流动人口收入的提高 ，却会导致女性流动人口收入的降低。数据结果还表明：“男主外、女主内”这一传统性别分工观念在实践中的实现程度与女性流动人口是与丈夫一起流动还是与丈夫及孩子一起流动密切相关。