人本主义课程论对电视教材编制的启示

数字信息化时代对电视教材提出了新的要求。为了使电视教材顺应时代的发展,对人本主义课程论进行了分析,期望从中获取一些启示性信息。     

关于专业英语教学的几点思考

文章针对专业英语教学的现状，结合教学实践，提出专业英语教学应加强师资与教材建设，教学中应注意加强专业词汇的掌握、加强英语思维训练、强调获取专业信息等几方面的问题。     

中学语文应加强基本伦理规范教育

中学语文教学在重视崇高思想品德教育的同时还应该加强日常伦理规范教育。前者的核心是牺牲和奉献，后者的准则是善良、诚实、热心、有责任心、对社会有用等；两者有层次区别又相互联系。目前试用的教材普遍存在着混淆两者关系，忽视伦理规范教育的问题，教育理论界对此尚缺乏充分的认识，许多教师在教材处理时也没有在这方面作具体深入的研究。     

中西文化差异与旅游资料的英译

旅游资料中包含着丰富的文化因素,中西文化差异给旅游资料英译造成了很大的困难.为了达到有效地传递中国文化、吸引外国游客的目的,旅游资料的英译要遵循以中国文化为取向,以译文为重点的原则,运用增补、删减、类比、解释等翻译策略.     

Analysis of the Treatment, by the U.S. Department of Energy, of the FEP Hydrothermal Activity in the Yucca Mountain Performance Assessment

The U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, 10 CFR Part 63, stipulates that the expected performance of the geological high-level nuclear waste repository must be demonstrated through a total system performance assessment (TSPA). The TSPA represents an analysis that identifies all features, events, and processes (FEPs) that might affect the disposal system and examines the effects of the identified FEPs upon the performance of the system. Secondary minerals from the thick unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain were deposited from waters with temperatures up to 70-90 degrees C. U-Pb dating constrained the ages of the elevated temperatures to the period between 10 and 5-6 million years ago. Relatively youthful circulation of thermal waters (hydrothermal activity) would be of concern for the safety of the disposal facility. A phenomenological model was advanced by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), which proposed that the minerals were deposited by infiltrating meteoric waters that were heated upon contact with the bedrock; it was hypothesized that the latter was conductively heated by a shallow silicic magma body. The model rendered processes responsible for elevated water temperatures inconsequential for the safety of the proposed nuclear waste facility. However, attempts by DOE at validating the model by means of numeric thermal simulations and analogue system observations were unsuccessful. Regulations specify two criteria for exclusion of a FEP from consideration in the TSPA: low probability and low consequence. The lack of a plausible phenomenological model makes it impossible to apply either of these two criteria to the FEP Hydrothermal Activity. Despite the lack of a valid criterion for exclusion, it was excluded from the TSPA. Both the development of DOE's thermal model and the formal FEP analysis were associated with deviations from DOE's quality assurance regulations.     

The market for construction wood in Mopti, Mali

This paper investigates the supply networks, the structure and operation of the markets and the increasing scarcity of good quality construction poles and hewn construction timber in Mopti, Mali. Using a variety of rapid appraisal methods the research identified separate groups of agents performing retailing, transporting and wood cutting functions within the supply network. A survey of the retail sector of the open or organised wood market in Mopti found the market to involve lower than expected volumes of timber and higher than expected mark-up variability across retailers and products. It was found that some users of construction wood do not buy their wood in the open market. The paper discusses one alternative method of obtaining wood involving the formation of a rural–urban solidarity network in which wood is ‘traded’ for various forms of help and assistance. The paper concludes that the re-empowerment of local communities so that they can manage and benefit from natural resources under their jurisdiction is probably a necessary condition for sustainable improvements in the supply of construction wood to Mopti. However, additional measures may be needed to replenish the stock of trees and human and institutional capital in the wood supply areas.     

美国联邦政府的温饱项目及其启示

为解决美国低收入群体所面临的温饱问题，美国联邦政府启动了食品券项目、学校早餐项目、全国学校午餐项目、特别牛奶项目、夏季食品供应项目、日常副食项目、儿童及成人看护食品项目、妇女、婴儿和儿童的特别营养补充项目、低收入家庭能源援助项目，对低收入群体给予实物救助。美国联邦政府对温饱问题的这种解决之道，对于中国的反贫困战略有一定的借鉴意义。     

论循环经济条件下建筑材料的开发与利用

在总结建筑材料开发与利用现状及存在的问题并深入分析其原因的基础上,遵循循环经济"减量化、再使用、再循环"的3R原则,从转变观念意识、加强科技创新、致力体制改革、严格管理等方面,提出了建筑材料开发与利用的对策。     

核事故早期应急群决策模型研究

有效快速的核事故早期应急决策,是核电站发生核事故后最后一道必要的屏障,因此决策的快速性与有效性至关重要。文章先构造效用函数,求出决策者的乐观系数,将决策判断矩阵中的区间值与模糊值精确化;在此基础上建立了个体与群体的决策模型,以提高决策的有效性。同时根据排序结果,构造群体与个体之间一致性判断矩阵,并根据判断矩阵进行交互与修改,使专家内部快速达成一致。最后通过算例说明方法的可行性。     

组织弹性研究的现状和趋势

福岛核事故表明,组织安全需定位于组织本身的应对事故和风险的能力,即组织的弹性。文章在文献研究的基础上,研究了组织管理安全研究的发展过程,对近年来国外关于组织弹性的研究现状进行了介绍,包括弹性的定义、组织弹性的结构和部分测量方法。最后对研究现状进行评价并且指出未来的研究方向。