具反射边界条件的板模型迁移系统的临界性

研究非均匀介质,各向同性,具反射边界条件的板模型迁移系统的临界解.借助泛函分析方法,特别是Lp空间上的线性算子理论,证明了积分算子的主本征值(即临界参数)的性质,并获得了系统处于次临界状态的条件以及使系统处于临界状态的板厚度的存在性.     

Emotional Empathy as Related to Mimicry Reactions at Different Levels of Information Processing

The hypotheses of this investigation were based on conceiving of facial mimicry reactions in face-to-face interactions as an early automatic component in the process of emotional empathy. Differences between individuals high and low in emotional empathy were investigated. The parameters compared were facial mimicry reactions, as represented by electromyographic (EMG) activity, when individuals were exposed to pictures of angry or happy faces. The present study distinguished between spontaneous facial reactions and facial expressions associated with more controlled or modulated emotions at different information processing levels, first at a preattentive level and then consecutively at more consciously controlled levels: 61 participants were exposed to pictures at three different exposure times (17, 56, and 2350 ms). A significant difference in facial mimicry reactions between high- and low-empathy participants emerged at short exposure times (56 ms), representing automatic, spontaneous reactions, with high-empathy participants showing a significant mimicking reaction. The low-empathy participants did not display mimicking at any exposure time. On the contrary, the low-empathy participants showed, in response to angry faces, a tendency to an elevated activation in the cheek region, which often is associated with smiling.     

论婉曲

婉曲因为没有固定的独特的语言结构形式,其作用也不是为了加强语言效果,因此不是一种辞格。婉曲是一种有别于直率表达的委婉曲折含蓄的表述方式,其作用主要是为了避免刺激,方法有同义替代、模糊语言、无效回答和侧面暗示等。     

英汉语中“鹅”及其相关习语的文化内涵与翻译

习语能通过其浓厚的民族色彩和鲜明的文化内涵体现语言文化的精髓,其中与动物相关的习语往往由于更加贴近生活而备受语言学习者的关注。为此选取“鹅”作为文化意象,从一些文艺作品中寻找它们的文化渊源,并做出较为深入的阐释。在此基础上,对与“鹅”有关的习语加以举例分析,并将其按照不同的翻译方法进行归类,以求所提供的译法能在与动物相关的习语翻译中得到更广泛的应用。     

“千万”、“万千”的词汇化和语法化

上古时期,＂千＂、＂万＂常作数词用,二者还可并用作位数词,后发生词汇化,成为一个并列复合词,表＂众多,许多＂义。唐代时,＂千万＂虚化为程度副词,稍后就产生了语气副词用法。其语气副词用法的产生是＂千万＂进一步语法化和主观化的结果。其同素逆序词＂万千＂经历了类似的词汇化和语法化过程。     

时装创意的意境表现

通过时装创意意境的特点、形成及表现的研究,探讨了时装创意意境的作用和表现方式,提出意境 是时装设计创意的最高境界的论点和时装创意如何表现的有效途径。     

表人新词语的认知理据

从表人语素构造新词语的多样性、修辞认知、原型问题,以及无标记转指与貌似表人词语、表人斯词语的语义框架类型等六个方面,运用了原型与典型范畴理论、隐喻与转喻理论、标记理论、“框架-注意”理论,阐释了表人新词语的认知理据。     

Rapid Emotional Contagion and Expressive Congruence Under Strong Test Conditions

The present research examined whether the observation of emotional expressions rapidly induces congruent emotional experiences and facial responses in observers under strong test conditions. Specifically, participants rated their emotional reactions after (a) single, brief exposures of (b) a range of human emotional facial expressions that included (c) a neutral face comparison using a procedure designed to (d) minimize potential experimental demand. Even with these strong test conditions in place, participants reported discrete expression-congruent changes in emotional experience. Participants’ Corrugator supercilii facial muscle activity immediately following the presentation of an emotional expression appeared to reflect expressive congruence with the observed expression and a response indicative of the amount of cognitive load necessary to interpret the observed expression. The complexity of the C. supercilii response suggests caution in using facial muscle activity as a nonverbal measure of emotional contagion.

Age and Gender Differences in Decoding Basic and Non-basic Facial Expressions in Late Childhood and Early Adolescence

This study examined age and gender differences in decoding nonverbal cues in a school population of 606 (pre)adolescents (9–15 years). The focus was on differences in the perceived intensity of several emotions in both basic and non-basic facial expressions. Age differences were found in decoding low intensity and ambiguous faces, but not in basic expressions. Older adolescents indicated more negative meaning in these more subtle and complex facial cues. Girls attributed more anger to both basic and non-basic facial expressions and showed a general negative bias in decoding non-basic facial expressions compared to boys. Findings are interpreted in the light of the development of emotion regulation and the importance for developing relationships.

敦煌文献习见词句省书例释

敦煌写卷中,抄手遇习见之词句,有仅写起始一字或数字,而其下一字或若干字则用省书符号略去之例,其中包括习词省书、套语省书、重句省书、引语省书等。本文列举大量实例,就此进行了分析讨论,指出了解和掌握这种特殊的书写体例对正确校理敦煌文献具有重要意义。