Bayesians Should Not Resample a Prior Sample to Learn about the Posterior

It is argued in a Bayesian context in which a set of parameter values is simulated from a prior distribution, that the sampling importance resampling algorithm should not be used to resample these values so as to obtain an approximate sample from the posterior. Rather, the whole set of prior values, along with their appropriate weights, can be more gainfully employed.     

An Improved Hollander's Distribution-Free Test for Parallelism

Hollander (1970 Hollander , M. ( 1970 ). A distribution-free test for parallelism . J. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 65 : 387 – 394 .[Taylor & Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]) proposed a distribution-free signed rank test for testing parallelism of two regression lines. Hollander's test requires that the number of pairs of data in the two datasets must be equal and even. This requirement of the test is met by discarding observation pairs randomly from one or both datasets as needed. In this article, we propose that instead of discarding the observation pairs randomly, we add observation pairs randomly in one or both datasets as needed to meet the requirement of Hollander's test. By using simulation technique we show that the new test is a significant improvement over the original test of Hollander since the new test is consistently more powerful than the original test and provides narrower confidence intervals for the difference of the two slopes of the regression lines.     

Multinomial Selection for Comparison with a Standard

The multinomial selection problem is considered under the formulation of comparison with a standard, where each system is required to be compared to a single system, referred to as a “standard,” as well as to other alternative systems. The goal is to identify systems that are better than the standard, or to retain the standard when it is equal to or better than the other alternatives in terms of the probability to generate the largest or smallest performance measure. We derive new multinomial selection procedures for comparison with a standard to be applied in different scenarios, including exact small-sample procedure and approximate large-sample procedure. Empirical results and the proof are presented to demonstrate the statistical validity of our procedures. The tables of the procedure parameters and the corresponding exact probability of correct selection are also provided.     

Distribution of the Activity Time in Network Analysis: A Critical Revisit with a Gamma Alternative

Network analysis is an important technique for project management. However, the current literature is biased toward beta distribution for modeling activity times. In this article, we have critically examined the role of beta distribution. It has been shown that beta distribution plays no specific role. Further, the method for calculating the chance of project completion must be revised. We have accordingly suggested an alternative modeling in terms of gamma distribution and proposed how to calculate the chance of project completion by taking into consideration both critical and noncritical paths. For demonstration purposes, we have considered a small project.     

提高"数控技术及应用"课程教学质量的探讨

针对"数控技术及应用"课程的特点,论述了在课程内容、教学方法、教学手段等方面的改革措施,以及如何培养学生的学习能力、创新能力、实践能力等.     

纯铝等通道转角挤压过程数值模拟

等通道转角挤压(Equal-Channel Angular Pressing,ECAP)是一种利用纯剪切变形获得块状超细晶材料的方法.本文利用非线性有限元软件MSC.Marc对纯铝的ECAP变形过程进行了数值模拟,获得了等效应变和等效应力分布规律,分析了挤压力随变形时间的变化和摩擦对ECAP变形的影响.     

Simultaneous inferences for ordered exponential location parameters under unbalanced data and heteroscedasticity of scale parameters

A test procedure for testing homogeneity of location parameters against simple ordered alternative is proposed for k(k ≥ 2) members of two parameter exponential distribution under unbalanced data and heteroscedasticity of the scale parameters. The relevant one-sided and two-sided simultaneous confidence intervals (SCIs) for all k(k ? 1)/2 ordered pairwise differences of location parameters are also proposed. Simulation-based study revealed that the proposed procedure is better than the recently proposed procedure in terms of power, coverage probability, and average volume of SCIs. The implementation of proposed procedure is demonstrated through real life data.     

A generally weighted moving average chart for time between events

Shewhart-type attribute charts are known to be inefficient for small changes in monitoring nonconformities. An alternative way is to use a time-weighted chart to monitor the time between events (TBE). We propose a one-sided Generally Weighted Moving Average control chart to monitor the time between events (TBE); regarded as the GWMA-TBE chart. To aid the implementation of the chart, the necessary design parameters are provided. An extensive performance analysis shows that the GWMA-TBE chart is better than the well-known EWMA and Shewhart charts at detecting very small to moderate changes. Finally, a summary and some conclusions are provided.