From the Mouths of Mothers: Can Drama Facilitate Reflective Learning for Social Workers?

This article explores and evaluates a cross-disciplinary small-scale project using applied theatre in social work education. The aim was to provide an ‘Affective Encounter’ where students could practice empathic engagement, understanding of the needs of children who have been sexually abused and their protective parents/carers and engage in the complexities of working with family members who may be resistant. The workshop took place five times over a period of three years and was attended by children and families social workers on a one year post-qualifying graduate diploma course. While the use of verbatim theatre does not offer a guarantee of factual truth, it provided the students with some performed moments of personal testimony which was taken word-for-word from mothers whose children had been sexually abused. This allowed the social workers to hear the marginalised narratives of the protective mothers and to practice without a negative impact on the service user. The evaluation identified from self-report the development of emotional and practical skills and knowledge of available resources. This paper focuses on the emotional skills reported and two emerging themes are discussed: learning for humane practice, and the use of this pedagogical approach to encourage affective reflection.     

制度变迁过程的历史沉淀成本效应分析

在新古典完全竞争市场理论——历史沉淀成本决策无关性的假设前提背景下,从未来不确定性、信息不完全和财务预算约束等角度考察历史沉淀成本对制度变迁过程的影响,为制度变迁过程确立一个新的分析视角,从而弥补了原有研究的不足。在现实经济生活中,市场不完全是常态,有限理性、交易成本、信息不完全和环境不确定性等因素普遍存在,历史沉淀成本很容易发挥作用,从而表明:未来越不确定,信息越不完全,资源越稀缺,导致财务预算越硬,历史沉淀成本效应越大,制度变迁过程越困难;反之越容易。由此可发现,在放松完全竞争市场的假设前提条件下,当事人的决策不可能不受到历史沉淀成本的影响。因此,只有当事人对历史沉淀成本的约束条件作出正确的理性反应,才能使其决策更加贴近真实世界,这对于全面认识制度变迁过程具有重要的理论创新意义和现实指导价值。     

论检察官客观义务之实现

检察官制度是国家为维护法律秩序与社会正义所做的制度安排,从检察官制度的基本法理中就可以引申出检察官的客观义务。现阶段,研究客观义务的关键并非在于承认其存在与否,而在于能否客观地审视此种义务在理想与现实之间的差距。检察官负有的客观义务,是人们对检察官本身的信赖。只有将这种对人的信赖转化为对制度的信赖,才能保证刑事司法制度的正当性以及公众对刑事司法机制的认同,这应该是我们对待客观义务的基本态度     

后现代视野与文学经典问题域的新问题

本文以我国文学经典问题域业已形成为基本判断,全面和历史性地梳理了其形成原因和过程,分析了问题域中诸问题之间的逻辑关系,目前面临的研究困境等。籍此提出文学经典重读的问题,旨在从文学经典现象和重读主体实践活动角度,从该问题的界定、研究目的和重读对象的确定等基本方面做了交代。最后,提出文学经典重读问题需要置于现代与后现代相互交融的"思考和感觉方式"中。     

Objective Bayesian analysis of counting experiments with correlated sources of background

Searches for faint signals in counting experiments are often encountered in particle physics and astrophysics, as well as in other fields. Many problems can be reduced to the case of a model with independent and Poisson-distributed signal and background. Often several background contributions are present at the same time, possibly correlated. We provide the analytic solution of the statistical inference problem of estimating the signal in the presence of multiple backgrounds, in the framework of objective Bayes statistics. The model can be written in the form of a product of a single Poisson distribution with a multinomial distribution. The first is related to the total number of events, whereas the latter describes the fraction of events coming from each individual source. Correlations among different backgrounds can be included in the inference problem by a suitable choice of the priors.     

从《教育要旨》和《特定教育纲要》看民初袁世凯政府的教育思想

1915年,袁世凯颁布《教育要旨》和《特定教育纲要》,重定教育宗旨,该宗旨既包含积极的正面建设,也有消极的除弊。结合《教育要旨》和《特定教育纲要》的内容来看,民初袁世凯教育思想具有继承性、务实性和兼容性三个特点。如果抛开政治成见,抽离其中的政治水分,单从技术层面来看,民初袁世凯教育思想中也有可供后人汲取的思想资源。     

紧盯强军目标，大力培育官兵尚武精神

尚武精神是推动国防和军队建设的不竭精神动力。长期的和平环境，在官兵身上不同程度滋生了一些“和平积习”，尚武精神弱化。坚持不懈强化当代革命军人尚武精神，是一项亟待解决的重要课题。当前，紧盯强军目标，大力培育官兵尚武精神，就要坚定信念、铸牢军魂，确立尚武的政治方向；爱军精武、提高素质，锻造尚武的职业品格；依法治军、从严治军，夯实尚武的作风基础。     

Assessment of Catastrophic Risk Using Bayesian Network Constructed from Domain Knowledge and Spatial Data

Prediction of natural disasters and their consequences is difficult due to the uncertainties and complexity of multiple related factors. This article explores the use of domain knowledge and spatial data to construct a Bayesian network (BN) that facilitates the integration of multiple factors and quantification of uncertainties within a consistent system for assessment of catastrophic risk. A BN is chosen due to its advantages such as merging multiple source data and domain knowledge in a consistent system, learning from the data set, inference with missing data, and support of decision making. A key advantage of our methodology is the combination of domain knowledge and learning from the data to construct a robust network. To improve the assessment, we employ spatial data analysis and data mining to extend the training data set, select risk factors, and fine‐tune the network. Another major advantage of our methodology is the integration of an optimal discretizer, informative feature selector, learners, search strategies for local topologies, and Bayesian model averaging. These techniques all contribute to a robust prediction of risk probability of natural disasters. In the flood disaster's study, our methodology achieved a better probability of detection of high risk, a better precision, and a better ROC area compared with other methods, using both cross‐validation and prediction of catastrophic risk based on historic data. Our results suggest that BN is a good alternative for risk assessment and as a decision tool in the management of catastrophic risk.     

双重的约束：女性科技人才成长的制约因素分析

近年来，我国的科技事业发展迅速。然而，科技人才队伍中的女性科技人才却发展较为缓慢，原因在于女性科技人才的发展受到了公私领域的双重约束即私人领域的家庭劳动、家庭决策、家庭教育投资以及公共领域的科技人才准入、培育和评价机制制约了女性科技人才的发展。在这种双重约束下，女性科技人才只能在具有性别排斥的科技领域中充当幕后支撑力量，相反，男性则在科技人才发展中占主导优势，成为主要的受惠群体。     

目标导向审计理论体系刍议

“审计目标导向”存在着广泛的实践基础与可靠的科学依据。审计目标导向下不同表现形式的审计理论体系(审计对象分野的审计理论体系、审计职能分野的审计理论体系和统一的审计理论体系 )具有客观性 ,审计界应当站在审计科学发展的最高立场上 ,建立适合国家审计、民间审计和内部审计以及财务审计、绩效审计的统一的审计理论体系