The Paradox of Protestantism and Women in Elected Office in the United States

ABSTRACT

In cross-national studies, scholars have found that wealthy countries and those with a Protestant tradition are more likely to have higher levels of women in elected office. Even though the United States should then be high in this domain, it lags behind many similarly situated countries. We posit that one reason for this paradox is that Protestantism in the United States is far more socially conservative than is typical in other Protestant countries. To test our argument, we use state-level data on the proportion of women in elected office from 2002 to 2004 and survey data on church membership. We find a negative relationship between the percentage of Protestants belonging to churches associated with the National Association of Evangelicals, a lobbying group representing socially conservative Protestant denominations, and the proportion of women in elected office.     

The American Trade Dollar

The changes in technology that have affected mail delivery are a dynamic way to encourage students to think critically and make meaningful connections across historical eras. In the classroom, personal communication through the mail can become the “thematic glue” used across historical units to highlight the changes in everyday life caused by technological innovation. The post office initiated changes in streetlighting and crosswalks, stimulated the development of rural roads and highways, and provided passenger services on railways. Classroom teachers can use the activities and discussion questions to introduce students to this entity and its influence on our history.     

An ICT-Driven Hybrid Automation System for Elderly Care Support: A Rehabilitation Facility Study Case

Abstract

The demographic statistics in developed countries suggest growth in the elderly segment of the population. At the same time, other studies forecast a shortage of nurses, increasing the pressure on hospitals to provide treatment for longer periods of time. These trends suggest a need for new ways of taking care of the elderly population that support safe, comfortable, and independent living. Meanwhile, prominent advances in information and communications technology (ICT) have enabled new systems that address various needs of the elderly. This article presents a case study of a rehabilitation facility located in Tampere, Finland, that uses an automation system in which ambient assisted living (AAL) and building automation (BA) system functionalities are combined. It details a field study summarizing the needs of the users, describes functional scenarios supported by the system, and reports the results of the first usability tests suggesting acceptance of a new technology by residents and caregivers. The unique combination of ambient assisted living and building automation offers a safer and more comfortable environment for the elderly as well as helps caregivers on-site in managing their workloads.     

基于目标管理的高校二级学院办公室管理工作

目标管理既是一种科学的管理方法,也是一种管理哲学。目标管理具有重视全员参与管理,强调自我控制,重视成果与利益的结合,强调目标激励,促使权力下放等特点,在二级学院办公室实施具有可行性。在目标管理实施过程中,要依次进行目标管理的准备、目标体系的构建、权力的有效下放、目标的有效控制和科学的考评反馈,最后实现办公室管理的预期目标。     

高速开关阀在调速控制系统中的应用

运用PWM对高速开关阀进行数字控制,以满足电液控制系统精度高,响应快的要求。提出了高速开关阀在调速控制系统中的应用,利用VB编写界面进行人机对话,实现VB与PLC的串行通信。用本系统模拟工程机械破碎挖掘机的工作过程,仿真及实验结果表明,高速开关阀在调速控制系统的应用具有理论和现实意义。     

我国上市公司审计费用影响因素实证研究

为明确我国上市公司审计费用影响因素及事务所的定价策略是否相同,对2003—2009年A股上市公司审计费用进行分析,结果表明事务所规模越大、品牌声誉越好、在省市审计市场地位越领先,其越能够获得高额审计费用。其中,事务所声誉对审计费用的影响最大,其次是事务所规模,最后是事务所市场占有率。     

Gender,power and office politics

Abstract

This interpretative study explores the experiences of Taiwanese female clerical workers as they deal with office politics. A hermeneutical phenomenology is used to describe and interpret the participants' experiences. The study shows that powerlessness and frustration result from: (1) structural barriers; (2) behavioral barriers; and (3) accommodation and rationalization. This study has implications for research and practice in international area of women's studies and for the field of international career development education.     

办公自动化对文书和文书工作的影响

办公自动化在全社会各行各业的应用已日益广泛深入 ,它给各企事业单位固有的文书、文书工作带来很大的影响 ,对长期以来的文书、档案工作机制形成巨大的冲击     

论抗战时期我党干部在职教育制度的建设与历史经验

为赢得抗日战争的全面胜利,造就一支德才兼备、高瞻远瞩、通晓政治和精通业务的干部队伍,针对当时边区干部队伍的基本状况,中共中央干部教育部和边区政府决定对边区干部进行在职教育学习,制定了理论联系实际的教育方针,为保障学习任务的完成并制定了相关制度。实践证明,抗战时期中共干部在职教育制度建设卓有成效,不仅为当时的抗日民主政权培养了大批合格干部,而且也为后来中国革命与建设事业的开展造就了英才,并奠定了人才基础。     

高校图书馆计算机网络系统建设初探

网络系统是数字图书馆的基础。该文简要介绍了石河子大学图书馆计算机网络系统建设的目标、原则、配置、功能等 ,并在此基础上进一步分析了系统的优劣得失 ,展望了未来发展趋势。