论《镜花缘》中科幻小说之特色

清代长篇小说《镜花缘》的内容丰富多彩,其类属和特点也比较多样。鲁迅说它属博物小说,才艺小说;胡适称它为妇女问题小说,女权小说,等等。此外,小说还描写了一些精彩的科幻故事,包括科幻植物如人吃一颗饱一年的巨米,人吃了能蹿高的蹑空草,长效久饱干粮救荒豆末;包括科幻器物如人穿上能长时间潜水的皮衣皮裤,能连续高速开火的火绳枪—连珠枪,能载人载货飞行的飞车;包括科幻技术,如人能近地但不触地地行进,换心补肺的医术。文章从科学、文学、历史几方面对上述科幻故事进行了考察、解读、诠释、分析、评论,研究总结出：《镜花缘》也具科幻小说之属性和特点,是我国第一部也进行了科学幻想文学创作的长篇小说。     

The Romance of Surrogacy1

This article seeks to demonstrate and analyze the cultural and emotional work surrogate mothers collectively engage in on the largest surrogacy support website, http://www.surromomsonline.com . Surrogate mothers’ online stories and discussions frame contract surrogacy as a “labor of love.” Women often describe their surrogacy as a “journey” of shared love; they hope for a lasting relationship with the couple they carry for. This article explores how the language of love, learned and internalized through online communication with other surrogates, creates both a cultural conceptualization of surrogacy and a ground for action. Love and altruistic giving are consistent with close interpersonal rather than market relationships; surrogates hope for a long‐term friendship with their couple. Surrogacy journeys, however, not infrequently end in disappointment; surrogates feel betrayed when couples cut ties. As a result of collective learning, surrogates’ discussions increasingly articulate the position that love, even when unreciprocated, can lead to repeated giving; love is noble and ennobling. Surrogates find appreciation and support in their online surrogacy community where they agree that giving life is a moral good. This stance has contributed to a renewed enthusiasm to bear children for others.     

基于在线评论数据的产品需求趋势挖掘

随着经济水平的提高和物质生活的丰富，消费者的需求变化也越来越快。能否迎合市场需求的变化是企业产品成功的关键。随着社交媒体的发展，消费者为了分享购物体验发表了许多在线评论信息，其中蕴含着消费者的需求变化。本文在产品特征提取和属性情感分析的基础上，构建了垃圾评论识别模型。然后，利用时间序列分析模型预测下阶段的产品属性关注度和情感计算。最后结合历史数据的变化趋势，分析产品属性的重要性和市场满意情况。利用汽车论坛上的汽车评论数据对本文提出的研究模型进行了验证。研究结果可以为企业制定营销策略以及产品改进与创新提供决策支持。     

Permanently online and permanently connected: Taiwanese university students’ attachment style,mobile phone usage,and well-being

Taiwan has been the top country worldwide in terms of its adoption and use of mobile phones. This study explores the permanently online (PO) and permanently connected (PC) phenomenon in mobile phone use among Taiwanese university students. It seeks to determine whether attachment styles are a distinctive factor that influences PO and PC (POPC) behavior and leads to various levels of well-being. The results of this study provide initial evidence that Taiwanese users highly depend on their mobile phones for PC and PO activities but perceive that being permanently connected causes interpersonal stress. Although the findings showed that all styles were positively associated with PO, only the secure and anxious styles predicted PC. Regarding mobile phone activities, the avoidant attachment style was not associated with any activities, the secure attachment style was positively associated with online and voice communication as well as information-seeking activities, and the anxious attachment style was associated only with voice communication. Furthermore, attachment styles lead to various levels of interpersonal stress through PO and PC behavior. The anxious style interacts with PO on interpersonal stress. This study provides evidence that attachment style is a significant antecedent of POPC and its consequences in mobile phone usage.     

美国恐怖小说大师斯蒂芬·金《手机》的创作手法探析

斯蒂芬·金的小说《手机》是一部提高惊悚"段位"的艺术作品,他风格独到的创造促使惊悚小说全面升值,同时也涵盖了一些现代式创作的含量。在情景的设置中作者通过人们日常所用的手机,将科技和文学进行巧妙的结合,利用独到的创新手法塑造出一个熟悉而又陌生的科幻艺术空间。小说将重点放在了对那些再也不能平常的幸存者的刻画上,最终,随着整个故事情节慢慢落下,那些在死亡中挣扎过来的人一定能在最后寻到问题的答案。     

How Japanese Families Cope with Fragile Elderly

Coping with caring for ill, fragile elderly is taxing the families in Japan, where longevity statistics predict early in the twenty-first century it will have the highest percentage of aged in the world. Interviews with 20 families revealed that although the culture mandates families care for their elderly, many are having considerable ambivalence and conflict, and caretakers suffer in the process unless they have assumed the defense of a martyr stance. Most do not seek nursing homes but are turning to government for supportive services. The trend in Japan, in spite of tradition, is for adult children to delay taking parents into their homes until they are unable to care for themselves.     

SPECIAL ISSUE： ONLINE LITERATURE IN CHINA： PRESENT SITUATION AND THEORETICAL REFLECTIONS Online Writing in the Course of Discourse Transformation： A Review of Ten Outstanding Online Novels of the Past Decade

中国当代文学阅读层面上的价值认同正在经受前所未有的挑战。特别是新世纪以来，新的写作群体、写作方式不断涌现，使固有的理论批评体系遭到撞击、被撕裂，从而导致理论批评不时出现失语现象。随着网络文学的迅猛发展，非主流文学在阅读与消费环节中的影响日益增强，这就使得上述问题转化成了新的矛盾——互相不能包容的阅读隔膜。十多年来，网络上产生了海量的小说文本，逐渐形成了二十多种类型；本文兼顾时间跨度和创作类型，遴选了十年中不同类型的十部佳作，并针对它们区别于纸质媒体的艺术审美和创作特点进行了述评。     

Repurposing Materials and Waste through Online Exchanges: Overcoming the Last Hurdle

Online material and waste exchanges (OMWEs) provide online channels to repurpose by‐products, unused materials and waste from industrial and commercial facilities. Unfortunately, OMWE's also have challenges. First, sellers may have access to other disposal options and, as a result, may not fully commit to the exchange. Second, buyers can face high uncertainty about the product exchanged and the transaction being undertaken. Overcoming these challenges is the “last hurdle” to making OMWEs successful. This study investigates the factors that reduce the buyers' uncertainty and increase the sellers' commitment to the OMWE. We analyze novel transaction‐level data from an online exchange (MNExchange.org) combined with other archival public records on county‐level repurposing and disposal statistics. First, we find that regional repurposing policies and alternatives have a complementary effect on sellers' commitment toward OMWEs, resulting in increased OMWE exchanges. However, regional disposal policies and alternatives have a substitution effect on sellers' commitment, resulting in reduced exchange success. Further, greater product and transaction information reduce the buyer's uncertainty and increase exchange success. Finally, the analysis shows that users' (buyers and sellers) heavily rely on their prior experience with OMWEs. Specifically, higher familiarity between the buyer–seller pair and familiarity with the OMWE system leads to higher likelihood of exchange success. This study lays the foundation for understanding OMWEs and has important implications for developing policies and operations to increase online transactions of by‐products, materials and wastes.     

企业在线社群内容组合策略的影响研究

现代企业通过建立在线社群实现与消费者的互动,希望在向消费者提供服务的同时进行更好的营销,然而如何提供在线社群中的营销与服务内容却是一大难题.本文在营销—服务二元理论的基础上,提出了在线社群内容二元性的平衡维度与结合维度概念,并研究平衡维度与结合维度如何影响销售业绩与消费者的满意度.结合机器学习方法,本文发现,平衡维度对消费者满意度和销售绩效有提高作用,但是,结合维度对消费者满意度及企业绩效的影响呈倒U型;另外,企业员工的技能水平对内容二元性策略的效果有着显著的调节作用.研究结论对企业理解在线社群中的营销内容与服务内容之间的二元关系,以及内容提供策略的价值机制有重要的指导意义.