导语及主体的阅读与理解——新闻英语导语和新闻术语的特点

对新闻英语的阅读与理解,“新闻文体”是其最大的语境。导语在新闻英语中占有重要的地位,对其能否进行正确的阅读与理解,是读者能否准确把握整篇新闻内容的一个关键所在,掌握导语的种类与特点,是正确阅读与理解的新闻英语重要方法和技巧;同时,新闻正文中有许多与其它语篇不同的新闻术语存在,在语境掌握它们,亦有助于对整篇新闻的阅读与理解。     

马克思主义关于人的全面发展理论及对研究生思想政治教育的启示

马克思主义关于人的全面发展理论包括人的需要满足、人的能力提高、人的主体性发展和人的社会关系丰富等方面。当前,研究生教育存在重视专业学习而忽视思想政治教育的现象,其思想政治教育也存在着主体性欠缺、方式单一的弊端。以马克思主义关于人的全面发展理论为指导,加强对研究生思想政治教育,促进其全面发展;坚持以人为本,提高亲和力;尊重教育对象的个性,增强针对性;立足人的社会性,为和谐社会建设添砖加瓦。     

经典阅读:高校图书馆应充当的角色研究

本文从高校图书馆推动大学生经典阅读活动的意义、优势和举措三方面做了一些探讨。     

古镇旅游资源开发的总体设计思路——以胜芳古镇旅游资源开发为例

以胜芳古镇旅游资源开发为例,通过对古镇旅游资源的分析评价、SWOT分析、古镇旅游发展目标与战略等问题的分析,扼要阐释了古镇旅游资源开发的总体设计思路。     

Estimates of subgroup treatment effects in overall nonsignificant trials: To what extent should we believe in them?

In drug development, it sometimes occurs that a new drug does not demonstrate effectiveness for the full study population but appears to be beneficial in a relevant subgroup. In case the subgroup of interest was not part of a confirmatory testing strategy, the inflation of the overall type I error is substantial and therefore such a subgroup analysis finding can only be seen as exploratory at best. To support such exploratory findings, an appropriate replication of the subgroup finding should be undertaken in a new trial. We should, however, be reasonably confident in the observed treatment effect size to be able to use this estimate in a replication trial in the subpopulation of interest. We were therefore interested in evaluating the bias of the estimate of the subgroup treatment effect, after selection based on significance for the subgroup in an overall “failed” trial. Different scenarios, involving continuous as well as dichotomous outcomes, were investigated via simulation studies. It is shown that the bias associated with subgroup findings in overall nonsignificant clinical trials is on average large and varies substantially across plausible scenarios. This renders the subgroup treatment estimate from the original trial of limited value to design the replication trial. An empirical Bayesian shrinkage method is suggested to minimize this overestimation. The proposed estimator appears to offer either a good or a conservative correction to the observed subgroup treatment effect hence provides a more reliable subgroup treatment effect estimate for adequate planning of future studies.     

Adaptive phase I/II clinical trials for drug combination assessment in oncology using the outcomes of each cycle

Many new anticancer agents can be combined with existing drugs, as combining a number of drugs may be expected to have a better therapeutic effect than monotherapy owing to synergistic effects. Furthermore, to drive drug development and to reduce the associated cost, there has been a growing tendency to combine these as phase I/II trials. With respect to phase I/II oncology trials for the assessment of dose combinations, in the existing methodologies in which efficacy based on tumor response and safety based on toxicity are modeled as binary outcomes, it is not possible to enroll and treat the next cohort of patients unless the best overall response has been determined in the current cohort. Thus, the trial duration might be potentially extended to an unacceptable degree. In this study, we proposed a method that randomizes the next cohort of patients in the phase II part to the dose combination based on the estimated response rate using all the available observed data upon determination of the overall response in the current cohort. We compared the proposed method to the existing method using simulation studies. These demonstrated that the percentage of optimal dose combinations selected in the proposed method is not less than that in the existing method and that the trial duration in the proposed method is shortened compared to that in the existing method. The proposed method meets both ethical and financial requirements, and we believe it has the potential to contribute to expedite drug development.     

“国防一线”的“三线建设”——云南三线建设的历史研究

云南处于援越抗美和对越自卫反击战的国防一线,同时又是我国地缘国防战略的大后方。既是“一线”又是“三线”的特殊地缘政治环境,赋予了云南三线建设独特的面貌和经验。在1964年至1980年的云南三线建设历程中,经历了两个建设高潮。文章试图真实再现各个阶段的规划部署、实施过程,分析出现的问题,以弥补相关研究的不足。这场特殊的“备战经济”建设,为保卫边疆安全、巩固国防发挥了应有的作用,同时也为云南的经济社会发展做出了重大的贡献。     

邓小平的精神气质及其理论的“思想史”意义

邓小平将马克思主义的精髓与“活的灵魂”深入贯彻到新的理论和新的实践,在当代视域中实现了对马克思主义的“总体性”创新,从而在新的起点上实现了对马克思主义精髓的继承、发展和螺旋式复归。邓小平的实践历程,展现了他独特的政治风范和精神气质,其创新性理论必将在马克思主义思想史上和非马克思主义的世界思想史上留下“普世”的价值和意义。     

心理健康与大学生全面发展

从大学生心理健康存在的问题及心理健康在大学生全面发展中的意义,说明了大学生心理健康与全面发展的关系,强调了大学生心理健康工作的重要性。并提出如何增进和维护大学生心理健康,促进大学生全面发展。     

大学生英语阅读教学策略探索

有效阅读是人们掌握各种信息的主要手段。对大学生英语阅读过程中存在的问题进行分析,根据现代阅读理论,提出培养学生英语阅读能力的教学策略,有助于推动阅读教学改革,增强教学效果。