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41.
《Journal of American college health : J of ACH》2013,61(6):680-685
Objective: The benefits of regular physical activity are well documented. However, approximately half of all university students are insufficiently active, and no research to date exists on the activity behavior of university students who are also parents. Participants and Methods: Using an adapted version of the Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (ie, the Physical Activity Prevalence Questionnaire), the authors examined the prevalence of sufficient physical activity among 245 parent students from 6 faculties and 12 programs. Results: Half (49.5%) of the students who were not parents (n = 90) were sufficiently physically active, compared with 16% of students who were parents (n = 3, p < .002). The authors found that 33.3% of parents and 13% of nonparents limited their activity level as a result of illness or injury (p < .05). Conclusions: Most parent students in this study were insufficiently active and at potential risk for the negative health consequences of inactivity. This is a grossly understudied population, and researchers must conduct further studies to understand what can be done to facilitate physical activity among this potentially vulnerable group of students. 相似文献
42.
43.
《Marriage & Family Review》2013,49(3-4):513-532
This discussion brings together the multiple factors that impact single parent families and effect their overall quality of life and well-being. Influential variables were identified and organized at three levels-institutional, interpersonal, and individual. A model was devel- oped that included the most salient determinants of single parent family well-being. These included cultural norms and values, health of family members, social and demographic factors, individual per- sonal characteristics, social support networks, and social institutions such as the law, the economy, the polity (represented in the formation of public policy) and education. Variables associated with the noncus- todial (nonresidential) parent also were identified as affecting the quality of life of single parent family members. In combination these factors help establish, maintain, and change the environment within which single parents raise their families. 相似文献
44.
Katsuyuki Kohno 《Researches on Population Ecology》1997,39(1):11-16
The possible influences of life history and habitat characteristics on the evolution of semelparity and cannibalism in the
hump earwigAnechura harmandi were studied. This species is univoltine and overwinters as an adult. Females laid single egg-batches during winter in nests
under stones at a riverside in a valley. They took care of the eggs which hatched in early spring and the offspring ate their
mother before dispersing. The valley was sometimes flooded in summer. Nymphs emerged as adults and dispersed to elsewhere
before the rainy season arrived. They returned to the riverside after the rainy season. The flooding and/or summer heat seemed
to be the selective force for the evolution of dispersal behavior and semelparity in this species. The cannibalism of the
female parent by her offspring seemed to have readily evolved after the evolution of semelparity. The unfavorable environmental
conditions seemed to have a large effect on the evolution of semelparity and cannibalism in this species. 相似文献
45.
Kei M. Nomaguchi 《Journal of marriage and the family》2008,70(5):1213-1227
Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (N = 4,190), this study examined adolescents’ reports of primary confidants. Results showed that nearly 30% of adolescents aged 16 – 18 nominated mothers as primary confidants, 25% nominated romantic partners, and 20% nominated friends. Nominating romantic partners or friends was related to increased risk‐taking behaviors, supporting the attachment notion that shifting primary confidants to peers in adolescence may reflect premature autonomy from parents. Tendencies to prefer romantic partners over parents varied by gender and family structure, which were greater for those from single‐father families and girls from mother‐stepfather families, but less for those from single‐mother families and boys from mother‐stepfather families, compared with their counterparts from two‐biological‐parent families. 相似文献
46.
从社会发展的角度系统地分析了当代中国社会对亲职教育的迫切需求,详细描述了当前我国亲职教育发展状况及存在的问题,反映了家长对亲职教育的迫切需求与当前亲职教育发展较为薄弱的现状之间的矛盾。从机构建设、责任分配、立法保障、形式和内容,以及层级体系等方面提出了关于推广和发展我国亲职教育事业的建议。 相似文献
47.
Berit Ingersoll‐Dayton Margaret B. Neal Jung‐hwa Ha Leslie B. Hammer 《Journal of marriage and the family》2003,65(1):201-212
When inequities occur in the division of labor among adult siblings caring for older parents, conflict may result. This paper uses equity theory as a framework for understanding the processes used by siblings to rectify imbalances in their parental responsibilities. The study is based on a sample of 40 focus group participants who described caregiving relationships among siblings. Consistent with equity theory, these participants used two approaches to redress inequities in their sibling caregiving relationships: requesting behavioral changes from siblings and making cognitive changes. The findings suggest that these two approaches can result in more perceived equity but may also lead to even greater perceived inequity and distress. 相似文献
48.
We examine the importance of the coparental relationship for nonresident fathers’ ties to their children. Using data from Wave 2 of the National Survey of Families and Households, we focus on the link between two dimensions of coparenting, cooperative coparenting and conflict over childrearing, and three dimensions of nonresident father involvement, contact, relationship quality, and responsive fathering. Cooperative coparenting predicts more frequent father‐child contact, which in turn predicts higher relationship quality and more responsive fathering. Conflict over childrearing, however, is not significantly related to nonresident father involvement. Findings are consistent across different groups of children. Results suggest that cooperative coparenting between parents who live apart is associated with stronger ties between nonresident fathers and their children. 相似文献
49.
Valarie King 《Journal of marriage and the family》2007,69(5):1178-1193
Using data on 294 adolescents from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health who live with a biological father and have both a resident stepmother and a nonresident biological mother, this study examines the prevalence, antecedents, and consequences of adolescents’ closeness to each of their parents. Findings demonstrate that adolescents vary in their likelihood of having close relationships to resident fathers, resident stepmothers, and nonresident biological mothers, but when they can do so, they appear to benefit. Close relationships with both resident fathers and nonresident mothers are associated with fewer adolescent internalizing and externalizing problems. Closeness to resident stepmothers, however, is unrelated to these two outcomes. Results suggest that fathers play a particularly important role in these families. 相似文献
50.
Hyunjoon Park 《Journal of marriage and the family》2007,69(3):863-877
Using the data from Program for International Student Assessment, I examine the gap in reading performance between 15‐year‐old students in single‐parent and intact families in 5 Asian countries in comparison to the United States. The ordinary least square regression analyses show negligible disadvantages of students with a single parent in Hong Kong and Korea, once students’ demographic characteristics and socioeconomic background are held constant. Students in single‐parent families in Indonesia and Thailand outperform their peers in intact families. The negative effect of single parenthood remains significant in Japan, even after parent‐child communication is controlled. Interpreting the weak effect of single parenthood in the Asian countries, I consider extended family systems and the relatively high proportion of widowhood among causes of single parenthood. 相似文献