The Effects of Parent‐Adolescent Relationships and Parental Separation on Adolescent Well‐Being

This article uses data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) to investigate the short‐term effects of parental separation on adolescent delinquency and depression. Findings indicate that parent‐adolescent relationships prior to marital dissolution moderate the effects of parental separation on adolescent delinquency. The higher adolescents' satisfaction with their relationship with the same‐sex parent prior to residential separation the greater their increases in delinquent behavior when they are separated from this parent at Wave 2. These results highlight the importance of interpersonal relationships within the family prior to parental separation. Opposite‐sex parents constitute a significant influence on adolescents' depression regardless of family structure. These findings suggest that research on parental influences on children's well‐being needs to pay more attention to gender‐specific effects.     

生-死-回归之旅——解读《麦田里的守望者》主人公霍尔顿

霍尔顿是美国中产阶级子弟,他孤寂、彷徨、痛苦,对这个世界有着种种困惑,在成长的呼唤面前踌躇不前,甚至逃避。霍尔顿所生活的社会对其精神失常负有不可推卸的责任,家庭关爱的缺失也使霍尔顿对社会无法具备成熟的视角。但是,在经历了生与死的洗礼后,霍尔顿逐步走上理性、成熟之路,以爱来宽容这个世界的不完美,最终回到社会的怀抱。     

同情的爱——樊家树与沈凤喜爱情的意识特征及其悲剧必然性

“同情的爱”是五四新文化运动后进步知识分子典型的恋爱心态,它是平民主义思潮在感情世界的反应与体现。《啼笑因缘》中樊家树与沈凤喜的爱情发端于“同情的爱”,具有平民主义理想内涵,是与以金钱权力为本位的爱情观及其支配下的世俗婚恋行为相对立的理想主义爱情。但在金钱权力统治的市民社会,这样的爱情却必然于理想与现实矛盾中经历痛苦挣扎后而走向幻灭的悲剧。     

父母教养方式和自我效能感对研究生创造力倾向的影响

采用国际通用的心理学量表对236名研究生进行了父母教养方式、自我效能感和创造力倾向三个方面的研究,并考察了它们之间的相互关系及中介影响作用。结果发现,1）学科因素在父母教养方式各维度上的主效应显著,性别因素在自我效能感和创造力倾向各维度上主效应显著,交互作用都不显著;2）父母亲情感温暖与理解和父母亲偏爱与自我效能感、创造力倾向总分之间存在显著相关,自我效能感与创造力倾向总分及各维度之间呈显著相关;3）自我效能感在父母情感温暖理解、父母偏爱和创造力倾向之间起完全中介作用。     

Leaving the Parental Home: Chinese Culture in an Urban Context

Leaving the parental home is increasingly treated as an essential stepping‐stone toward adulthood in the modern world. The authors argue that this is a cultural process regulated by social norms and institutional settings that vary from place to place. Hong Kong provides an excellent scenario in which Chinese traditions coexist with rapid economic development. Rather than looking at leaving the parental home as a developmental process, Chinese tradition tends to link it with filial obligations and gender status. On the basis of life history data collected in Hong Kong, the authors establish that leaving home has neither gained substantial popularity nor become a unique life stage among Chinese; it continues to be closely associated with the marriage transition and practical considerations such as housing, childcare needs, and the availability of elderly care.     

建立和完善我国亲权与监护制度的几点思考

监护与亲权在性质、基础、主体、内容和对象等方面都存在着重要的区别。应当完善我国现行的监护制度,建立适应中国国情的亲权制度,以适应市场经济和法治社会的需要。     

Parental Behavior and the Quality of Adolescent Friendships: A Social‐Contextual Perspective

On the basis of an evolving social‐contextual perspective, the authors predicted and found that socioeconomic advantage in terms of income and parental education promotes supportive and inhibits hostile parental behaviors toward an adolescent child (N= 221). These parental behaviors predicted similar actions by the child toward a close friend 4 years later. In turn adolescent supportiveness promoted close friendship ties, whereas hostility diminished the quality of friendships. The results support the notion that, to a significant degree, the quality of family interactions: (a) arises from the social context surrounding the family, (b) is transmitted across generations, and (c) has a demonstrable impact on the quality of adolescents' social ties outside the family.     

进化发展心理学解析

进化发展心理学研究个体发生发展过程中进化的、渐成的程序的表现,就如发展的系统方法所描述的。笔者阐述了进化发展心理学的基本观点,介绍了进化发展心理学的主要研究领域:父母的投入和成人期性别差异的发展根源。     

How the birth of a child affects involvement with stepchildren

This study investigates the effect of childbearing on parental involvement in stepfamilies and intact families, based on the reports of 1,905 stepparents and biological parents from the National Survey of Families and Households. Regression analysis indicates that involvement with children declines over time, especially among respondents with only stepchildren in the household. Respondents who have had a child between waves of the survey reduce parental involvement at a slower rate than respondents who did not have a child. These effects are explained by the children's age. The birth of a child has a similar effect on parental involvement in stepfamilies and intact families. These findings suggest that the addition of a half‐sibling is not particularly beneficial to stepchildren and provides further evidence that couples with children from prior relationships should not make the decision to reproduce to “cement” stepfamily bonds.     

Comparing Father and Mother Reports of Father Involvement Among Low‐Income Minority Families

Currently available data and concerns about the validity of reports by mothers significantly truncate the ability of researchers to address a myriad of research questions concerning the involvement of fathers in families. This study aimed to inform this concern by examining predictors of father involvement and father‐mother discrepancies in reports of involvement within a low‐income, predominantly minority sample of families with both resident and nonresident fathers (n= 228). Paired hierarchical linear models were used to control for the interrelation between pairs of reporters. The results indicate that although fathers' and mothers' reports are similar, mothers consistently report lower levels of involvement than do fathers. Parental conflict, fathers' nonresidence, and fathers' age, as well as mothers' education and employment, predicted larger discrepancies between fathers' and mothers' reports.