中国银行业改革与境外战略投资者:改革回顾与文献综述

在直接注资、财务重组、上市等改革措施完成后,公司治理改革无疑是中国商业银行改革的重头戏,引进境外战略投资者作为"以开放促改革"的一个重要举措,一直受到学术界的极大关注。中东欧各国作为转轨经济国家,其银行业改革历程与我国十分相似,我国的银行境外战略投资者的引进策略可从中东欧国家获得经验和启示。从现有文献看,中国银行引入境外战略投资者的研究集中在境外战略投资者对银行治理、银行绩效和金融安全的影响方面,但是,学术界对境外战略投资者的改革效应难以达成一致看法。     

精准扶贫的元要素聚焦与整体治理路径

举全国之力开展精准扶贫,业已成为当前农村建设发展的重点工作。但从全局看,精准扶贫中仍存在政策消解现象增多、项目制扶贫的负面效应凸显、脱贫主体面临短缺与流失的挑战以及区域协同合作比较匮乏等碎片化难题。破解当前困局,需要尽快聚焦精准扶贫的元要素,既要大力联合脱贫主体,积极构建扶贫产业,同时也要促进扶贫政策耦合,加速区域协同扶贫。基于整体性治理理论,一方面,通过整体培育脱贫主体与人才,并以资源整合促进扶贫产业发展,为精准扶贫奠定坚实基础;另一方面,也要通过政策合并构建扶贫政策圈,同时统筹扶贫的区域合作治理,为精准扶贫营造良好环境。     

国有企业微观治理结构的改革与优化

党的十五届四中全会为国有企业改革与发展制定了大政方针。根据《决定》精神 ,探索国企具体的改革之路具有重大的现实意义。文章论述了国企微观治理结构改革与优化的必要性及其与产权制度改革、管理体制革新、运行机制转变及宏观环境改善之间的内在关系 ,并提出了一些相关政策建议     

Corporate Governance and the Governance of Innovation: The Case of Pharmaceutical Industry

The paper focuses on some organizationaldynamics that have characterized the pharmaceuticalindustry in the last thirty years, whenbiotechnology and the development of lifesciences have defined a new technologicalparadigm, reshaping many aspects of theindustry, especially the organization ofinnovative activity. We suggest an original interpretation of someorganizational settings, as the increasedimportance of skilled scientists within firmsand the development of inter-organizationalalliances for the division of scientific labor.Following recent theorizing on corporategovernance issues, which points out theintrinsic organizational and relationaldimensions of the resource allocation processesand strategic decision-making, we propose a roleof the organizational practices mentioned aboveon corporate governance, and, in turn, aninfluence of different governance arrangementson innovative activity. We recall moretraditional approaches to the analysis ofcorporate governance, and give a broaderinterpretation to the relevant variablesproposed. Further, relying on more recenttheories and on literature on firm's boundariesand sectoral systems of innovation, we proposeindustry-specific variables forpharmaceuticals, including internal settings aswell as relations with external actors.Preliminary empirical support is given to ourhypotheses, concerning a panel of large USpharmaceutical companies.     

论长三角区域生态治理政府间的协作

长三角区域作为中国综合实力最强的区域之一,在经济高速发展的同时,区域内的生态治理问题日益凸显。区域内各政府间面临着生态治理合作理念淡薄、生态补偿机制不完善、利益协调机制不健全、政绩考核体系单一等问题。面对这些问题,区域内政府要更新思想观念,建立＂双赢＂的利益协调机制、建立健全法律机制、健全生态补偿机制以及通过完善政绩评估体系等途径来推动生态治理合作。     

文化：社会管理的基础和持久动力

社会问题的存在是社会管理的逻辑起点。我国30多年的改革开放在取得举世瞩目成就的同时,社会问题也日益凸显。这些问题的存在可以从文化层面找到根源：一是信仰体系缺失;二是传统文化被破坏、被解构;三是市场经济的畸形发展对精神层面造成冲击。今后,应建立弹性价值体系,引领文化建设,恢复主流意识形态,重塑适应21世纪的现代文明,夯实构建和谐社会的基石。     

垃圾短信分类治理对策研究

以垃圾短信治理问题为切入点, 以供需分析为理论基础, 从短信内容与短信发送渠道两个维度分别提出非对称二维评判矩阵和分层分级治理策略. 通过分析发现, 目前治理重点转向 "端口" 类垃圾短信, 广告类垃圾短信数量占比最大, 而诈骗、 色情等违法类短信社会危害最大, 因而提出垃圾短信分类治理的相关建议. 从新的视角研究垃圾短信治理问题, 给监管部门及电信运营企业提供理论及方法借鉴, 并促进短信业务的健康发展.     

国有独资公司治理结构问题探究

以国有独资公司这一特殊类型的国有企业作为解析对象，从探寻公司治理结构的涵义及意义出发，结合国有独资公司的机构特色及现状，为优化国有独资公司治理结构的框架进行有益的探索与研究，并试图提出使国有独资公司治理结构更趋完善的具体建议。以现行公司法为基本法律依据，通过相关措施的综合运用，使国有独资公司治理结构真正成为一种合理的制度安排。     

新疆上市公司治理结构与绩效的相关性研究

该文以2001—2005年新疆上市公司为样本,综合考察了股权结构、董事会特征与高管激励对公司绩效的影响,发现股权集中度与公司绩效正相关;董事长与总经理两职合一与公司绩效正相关;董事会规模与绩效成倒U型关系;独立董事比例与绩效成负向关系;高管激励不论是采用年薪的方式还是采用股权激励都未通过显著性检验。考虑到公司内部治理结构与绩效的互动关系,该文还检验了治理结构的内生性问题,通过Granger因果关系检验发现公司治理结构对绩效有促进作用,但未发现绩效对治理机制的反馈作用。     

Male-to-Female Transgender Individuals Building Social Support and Capital From Within a Gender-Focused Network

ABSTRACT

The literature on male-to-female transgender myriad problems such individuals face in their day-to-day lives, including high rates of HIV/AIDS, addiction to drugs, violence, and lack of health care. These problems are exacerbated for ethnic and racial minority MTFs. Support available from their social networks can help MTFs alleviate these problems. This article explores how minority MTFs, specifically in an urban environment, develop supportive social networks defined by their gender and sexual identities. Using principles of community-based participatory research (CBPR), 20 African American and Latina MTFs were recruited at a community-based health care clinic. Their ages ranged from 18 to 53. Data were coded and analyzed following standard procedure for content analysis. The qualitative interviews revealed that participants formed their gender and sexual identities over time, developed gender-focused social networks based in the clinic from which they receive services, and engaged in social capital building and political action. Implications for using CBPR in research with MTFs are discussed.